한국환경생태학회지 (Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology)

  • 제30권6호
  • /
  • Pages.977-985
  • /
  • 2016
  • /
  • 1229-3857(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2288-131X(eISSN)
한국환경생태학회 (Korean Society of Environment and Ecology)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

멸종위기 종인 남생이(Mauremys reevesii)의 동면 여부에 따른 기초 번식생리의 계절적 변동

Seasonal Changes in the Basic Reproductive Physiology of the Endangered Reeves' Turtle (Mauremys reevesii) Based on Hibernation or Nonhibernation

  • 투고 : 2016.07.14
  • 심사 : 2016.12.12
  • 발행 : 2016.12.30
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

환경부 지정 멸종위기 II급 종인 남생이의 복원을 위하여 개체증식 프로그램들을 개발해왔지만, 남생이의 번식생리에 대한 이해는 여전히 부족한 상태이다. 본 연구에서는 2014년 11월부터 2015년 10월 사이에 동면을 한 개체와 동면을 하지 않은 개체를 이용하여 성호르몬, 여포와 알의 수와 크기, 암 수간의 행동상호작용의 계절적 변화를 연구하였다. 비록 동면 여부에 따라 다소의 편차는 있었지만, 암컷의 혈청 에스트라디올 농도는 7월부터 증가하기 시작하여 8월-10월에 최고 농도를 보였으며, 수컷의 테스토스테론의 농도는 8-9월에 최고 농도를 보였으며, 3월에 가장 낮았다. 동면을 한 암컷들은 5월초에서 7월 중순 사이에 완전히 발달한 알을 가지고 있었으며, 산란은 6월 초순부터 7월 하순 사이에 이루어졌다. 반면, 동면을 하지 않은 암컷들은 이른 4월부터 이른 6월 사이와 8월 중순에서 11월 하순 사이에 알을 가지고 있었으며, 산란은 6월초, 10월 중순, 2월 초에 이루어졌다. 이러한 결과는 동면이 여포와 알의 정상적인 발달에 매우 중요한 역할을 함을 보여준다. 행동연구에서 암 수간의 구애행동을 포함하는 행동상호작용은 8월 하순부터 증가되어 10-11월에 최대를 보였다. 연구결과는 남생이의 짝짓기 기간이 성호르몬의 증가와 직접 연계되어 있지만, 여포와 알의 발달은 그렇지 않다는 것을 보여준다. 이러한 연구결과는 멸종위기종인 남생이의 성공적인 번식프로그램을 운영하는데 매우 중요하게 사용될 것으로 판단된다.

The captive breeding program of the Reeve's turtle (Mauremys reevesii), which is designated as an endangered category II species by the Korean Ministry of Environment, has developed, but the reproductive physiology of the species is still not fully understood. In this study, we investigated seasonal changes in the sex steroid levels, the number and size of follicles and eggs and male-female interactive behaviors of hibernated and non-hibernated turtles between November 2014 and October 2015. Plasma estradiol level in females increased from July and peaked in the period from August to October. Plasma testosterone level in males peaked between August and September and was the lowest in March, although there were some variations depending on the patterns of hibernation. Hibernated females had fully developed eggs between early May and middle July and laid eggs between early June and late July, but non-hibernated females had eggs between early April and early June and also between middle August and late November, and laid eggs in early June, mid-October, and early February. These results suggest that hibernation could be essential for normal follicular and egg developments. Male-female interactive behaviors including courtship intensified from late August and peaked in October and November. Our findings suggest that mating period of this species is directly related to increased steroid hormone levels, but follicular and egg developments in females are not. Our results could be very useful to the successful operation of captive rearing programs of the endangered Reeve' sturtles.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Camazine, B., W. Garstka, R. Tokarz and D. Crews (1980) Effects of castration and androgen replacement on male courtship behavior in the red-sided garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis). Horm. Behav. 14(4): 358-372. https://doi.org/10.1016/0018-506X(80)90025-2
  2. Chen, Y.Y., T.Y. Chen, P.H. Yu and C.H. Chi (2010) Observations on the female reproductive cycles of captive Asian yellow pond turtles (Mauremys mutica) with radiography and ultrasonography. Zoo Biol. 29: 50-58.
  3. Cocci, P., L. Bracchetti, V. Angelini, M. Bucchia, S. Pari, G. Mosconi and F.A. Palermo (2014) Development and pre‑validation of a testosterone enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for predicting the sex ratio of immature loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) recovered along the western coast of the central Adriatic Sea. Mar. Biol. 161: 165-171. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-013-2326-1
  4. Cultural Heritage Administration. (2006) Yearbook of Cultural Heritage 2006. Cultural Heritage Administration. Seoul. Pp. 51-59. (In Korean)
  5. Eo, K.Y. (2006) Studies on Morphology, Hematology, and Genetic Diversity of Korean Reeves'Turtle (Chinemys reevesii). MS Thesis. KonKuk University, Seoul.
  6. Fukada, H. (1965) Breeding habits of some Japanese reptiles (critical review). Bull. Kyoto Gakuen Uni. Ser. B 27: 65-82.
  7. Gray, J.E. (1831) Synopsis Reptilium or Short Descriptions of the Species of Reptiles. Part I: Cataphracta, Tortoises, Crocodiles, and Enaliosaurians. Treuttel, Wurz and Co., London, 85 pp.
  8. Hamann, M., T.S. Jessop, C.J. Limpus and J.M. Whittier (2002) Interactions among endocrinology, seasonal reproductive cycles and the nesting biology of the female green sea turtle. Mar. Biol. 140: 823.830. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-001-0755-8
  9. Hawkes, L.A., A. McGowan, B.J. Godley, S. Gore, A. Lange, C.R. Tyler, D. Wheatley, J. White, M.J. Witt and A.C. Broderick (2013) Estimating sex ratios in Caribbean hawksbill turtles: testosterone levels and climate effects. Aquat. Biol. 18: 9.19. https://doi.org/10.3354/ab00475
  10. IUCN. (2013) IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Ver. 2013.2. http://www.iucnredlist.org/
  11. Jones, C.G. (2002) Reptiles and amphibians. In: M.R. Perrow, A.J. Davy (eds.), Handbook of Ecological Restoration. Vol 1: Principles of Restoration. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 355-375 pp.
  12. Jung, M.M., D.Y. Moon, S.H. Kim, H.S. Kim and J.W. Kim (2012) Observation and record of sea turtles in by catch and stranding from Jeju Island of Korea. J. Fish Mar. Sci. Edu. 24: 662-669.
  13. Kang, Y.S. and I.B. Yoon (1975) Illustrated Encyclopedia of Fauna and Flora of Korea, Vol. 17. Amphibia and Reptilia. Sam-Hwa Press, Seoul. (in Korean)
  14. Koo, K.S., J.Y. Song and M.H. Chang (2015) Mating behavior of Reeves'turtle, Mauremys reevesii. J. Nat. Park Res. 6(3): 111-114.
  15. Korea National Park Research Institute. (2013) Study on the Rearing and Rehabilitation of the Reeves' Turtle I: Final Report. Korea National Park. (in Korean)
  16. Lee, H.J. and D. Park (2010) Distribution, habitat characteristics, and diet of freshwater turtles in the surrounding area of the Seomjin River and Nam River in southern Korea. J. Ecol. Field Biol. 33(3): 237-244
  17. Lee, H.J., I.H. Kim, J.K. Kim, S. Jeon and D. Park (2014) First detailed morphological description of the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) caught from the Yellow Sea of Korea. J. Ecol. Environ. 37(4): 201-208. https://doi.org/10.5141/ecoenv.2014.024
  18. Lovich, J.E., Y. Yasukawa and H. Ota (2011) Mauremys reevesii (Gray 1831)- Reeves' Turtle, Chinese Three-keeled Pond Turtle. Conservation Biology of Freshwater Turtles and Tortoises: A Compilation Project of the IUCN/SSC Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group (Rhodin, A.G.J., Pritchard, P.C.H., van Dijk, P.P., Saumure, R.A., Buhlmann, K.A., Iverson, J.B., Mittermeier, R.A. eds.), Chelonian Res. Monog. No. 5, doi:10.3854/crm.5.050.reevesii.v1.2011.
  19. Moon, D.Y., Y.R. An, M.M. Jung, S.Y. Kim, S.K. Choi, Y.H. Lee, J.T. Yoo and M.J. Kim (2011) Satellite tracking of Green sea turtles Chelonia mydas in Korean waters. Korean J. Fish Aquat. Sci. 44: 709-716.
  20. National Institute of Biological Resources. (2011) Study on the Rearing and Rehabilitation of the Reeves' Turtle (Chinemys reevesii) II: Final Report. Ministry of Environment. (in Korean)
  21. National Institute of Biological Resources. (2012) Study on the Rearing and Rehabilitation of the Reeves' Turtle (Chinemys reevesii) III: Final Report. Ministry of Environment. (in Korean)
  22. Ott, J.A., M.T. Mendonca, C. Guyer and W.K. Michener (2000). Seasonal changes in sex and adrenal steroid hormones of gopher tortoises (Gopherus polyphemus). Gen. Comp. Endo. 117(2): 299.312. https://doi.org/10.1006/gcen.1999.7419
  23. Saka, M., N. Tada and Y. Kamata (2011). The annual ovarian cycle of the Reeves'pond turtle Chinemys reevesii (Reptilia: Geoemydidae) based on seasonal variations in the serum vitellogenin level and follicular growth. Curr. Herpetol. 30(2): 105-112.
  24. Schramm, B.G., M. Casares and V.A. Lance (1999) Steroid levels and reproductive cycle of the Galapagos tortoise, Geochelone nigra, living under seminatural conditions on Santa Cruz Island (Galapagos). Gen. Comp. Endo. 114(1): 108-120. https://doi.org/10.1006/gcen.1998.7240
  25. Schultheiss, O.C. and S.J. Stanton (2009) Assessment of Salivary Hormones. In: E. Harmon-Jones, J.S. Beer (eds.), Methods in Social Neuroscience, Guilford Press, New York.
  26. Shelby, J.A., M.T. Mendonca, B.D. Horne and R.A. Seigel (2000) Seasonal variation in reproductive steroids of male and female yellow-blotched map turtles, Graptemys flavimaculata. Gen. Comp. Endo. 119(1): 43-51. https://doi.org/10.1006/gcen.2000.7490
  27. Tunsaringkarn, T., W. Tungjaroenchai and W. Siriwong (2013) Determination of chemical compositions of snail-eating turtle (Malayemys macrocephala) eggs. Agri. Sci. Dev. 2(4): 31-39.
  28. Valente, A.L., R. Velarde, M.L. Parga, I. Marco, S. Lavin, F. Alegre and R. Cuenca (2011) Reproductive status of captive loggerhead sea turtles based on serum levels of gonadal steroid hormones, corticosterone and thyroxin. Vet. J. 187(2): 255-259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2009.11.022
  29. Velloso, A.L., S.K. Wasser, S.L. Monfort and J.M. Dietz (1998). Longitudinal fecal steroid excretion in maned wolves (Chrysocyon brachyurus). Gen. Comp. Endo. 112(1): 96-107. https://doi.org/10.1006/gcen.1998.7147