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The Immune Landscape in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

  • Sowmya Narayanan (Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia) ;
  • Fionna A. Surette (Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia) ;
  • Young S. Hahn (Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia)
  • Received : 2016.03.02
  • Accepted : 2016.04.22
  • Published : 2016.06.30
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Abstract

The liver lies at the intersection of multiple metabolic pathways and consequently plays a central role in lipid metabolism. Pathological disturbances in hepatic lipid metabolism are characteristic of chronic metabolic diseases, such as obesity-mediated insulin resistance, which can result in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Tissue damage induced in NAFLD activates and recruits liver-resident and non-resident immune cells, resulting in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Importantly, NASH is associated with an increased risk of significant clinical sequelae such as cirrhosis, cardiovascular diseases, and malignancies. In this review, we describe the immunopathogenesis of NASH by defining the known functions of immune cells in the progression and resolution of disease.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by grants from the U. S. National Institutes of Health F30DK104562 (S.N.), R01 AI098126 (Y.S.H.), and U19 AI066328 (Y.S.H.). We are grateful to members of the Hahn lab and Amy Newton for critical reading of the manuscript. We sincerely apologize to colleagues whose work we could not include due to space limitations.

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