대한환경공학회지 (Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers)

  • 제38권1호
  • /
  • Pages.8-13
  • /
  • 2016
  • /
  • 1225-5025(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2383-7810(eISSN)
대한환경공학회 (Korean Society of Environmental Engineers)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

물속의 방사성핵종(세슘) 제거율 연구

Study on Removal of Cesium in Water Treatment System

  • 정관조 (서울특별시 서울물연구원) ;
  • 손보영 (서울특별시 서울물연구원) ;
  • 안치화 (서울특별시 서울물연구원) ;
  • 이수원 (서울특별시 서울물연구원) ;
  • 안재찬 (서울특별시 서울물연구원) ;
  • 김복순 (서울특별시 서울물연구원) ;
  • 정득모 (서울특별시 서울물연구원)
  • Jeong, Gwanjo (Seoul Water Institute, Seoul Metropolitan Government) ;
  • Son, Boyoung (Seoul Water Institute, Seoul Metropolitan Government) ;
  • Ahn, Chihwa (Seoul Water Institute, Seoul Metropolitan Government) ;
  • Lee, Suwon (Seoul Water Institute, Seoul Metropolitan Government) ;
  • Ahn, Jaechan (Seoul Water Institute, Seoul Metropolitan Government) ;
  • Kim, Bogsoon (Seoul Water Institute, Seoul Metropolitan Government) ;
  • Chung, Deukmo (Seoul Water Institute, Seoul Metropolitan Government)
  • 투고 : 2015.11.26
  • 심사 : 2016.01.20
  • 발행 : 2016.01.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

본 연구에서는 물속에 존재하는 방사성 세슘($Cs^+$)의 정수처리 제거방법을 고찰하였다. 세슘은 물속에서 대부분 이온상태인 $Cs^+$로 존재하여 모래여과, 정수약품(PACl), 분말활성탄(PAC) 및 정수약품(PACl + PAC) 혼합주입에 의해 제거되지 않았으나 탁도가 증가함에 따라 세슘 제거율이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. G-취수장 주변 고형물과 황토를 이용하여 탁도를 각각 74 NTU와 103 NTU로 조정했을 때 세슘의 제거율은 각각 약 56%, 51%이었으며 상징수를 GAC로 여과한 경우, 세슘의 약 80%가 제거되었다. 따라서 효과적인 세슘 제거를 위해서는 황토 등을 이용하여 원수 탁도를 80 NTU 이상 조정해야 하는 것으로 나타났다. GAC에 의한 세슘 제거의 경우, 약 60%가 제거됨을 알 수 있었으며 이것은 접촉에 따른 흡착에 의해 제거된 것으로 판단된다. 막에 의한 세슘 제거에 있어서 정밀여과막으로는 제거되지 않았으나 역삼투막에서는 75%가 제거되었다.

This study investigated the removal of a radioactive cesium ($Cs^+$) in the water at the water treatment processes. Since cesium is mostly present as the $Cs^+$ ion state in water, it is not removed by sand filtration, and coagulation with polyaluminum chloride (PACl), powdered activated carbon (PAC) and mixture of PACl and PAC. However, it is known that the removal rate of cesium increases as the turbidity increases in raw water. As the turbidity was adjusted by 74 NTU and 103 NTU using the surrounding solids near G-water intake and yellow soils, removal rate of cesium was about 56% and 51%, respectively. In case of a GAC filtration with supernatants after jar-mixing/setting was conducted, 80% of cesium is approximately eliminated. The experimental results show that it is efficient to get rid of cesium when the turbidity of the raw water is more than 80 NTU. In case of a GAC filtration, about 60% of cesium is removed and it is considered by the effect of adsorption. Cesium is not eliminated by microfiltration membrane while about 75% of cesium is removed by reverse osmosis.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Zhang, C. P., Gu, P., Zhao, J., Zhang, D. and Deng, Y., "Research on the treatment of liquid waste containing cesium by an adsorption-microfiltration process with potassium zinc hexacyanoferrate," J. Hazard. Mater., 167(1), 1057-1062 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.01.104
  2. Gaur, S., "Determination of Cs-137 in environmental water by ion-exchange chromatography," J. Chromatogr., A 733 (1), 57-71(1996). https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(95)00906-X
  3. Wong, C. T. and Mullins, J. W., "Part 7000, Radioactivity," Am. Water Works Assoc., 21st Ed., 7-24-7-29(2005).
  4. Goossens, R., Delville, A., Genot, J., Halleux, R. and Masschelein, W. J., "Removal of the typical isotopes of the chernobyl fall-out by conventional water treatment," Water Res., 23(6), 693-697(1989). https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(89)90201-7
  5. Kosaka, K., Asami, M., Kobashigawa, N. and Ohkubo, K., "Removal of radioactive iodine and cesium in water purification processes after an explosion at a nuclear power plant due to the great japan Earthquake," Water Res., 46(14), 4397-4404(2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2012.05.055
  6. Shakir, K., Sohsah, M. and Soliman, M., "Removal of cesium from aqueous solutions and radioactive waste simulants by coprecipitate flotation," Sep. Purific. Technol., 54(3), 373-381(2007). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2006.10.006
  7. Morton, R. J. and Straub, C. P., "Removal of radionuclides from water by water treatment processes," J. Am. Water Works Assoc., 48(5), 545-558(1956).
  8. Kozai, N., Suzuki, S., Aoyagi, N., Sakamoto, F. and Ohnuki, T., "Radioactive fallout cesium in sewage sludge ash produced after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident," Water Res., 68, 616-626(2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2014.10.038
  9. Gafvert, T., Ellmark, C. and Holm, E., "Removal of radionuclides at a waterworks," J. Environ. Radioact., 63(2), 105-115(2002). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0265-931X(02)00020-6
  10. Soliman, M. A., Rashad, G. M. and Mahmoudb, M. R., "Fast and efficient cesium removal from simulated radioactive liquid waste by an isotope dilution-precipitate flotation process," Chem. Eng. J., 275, 342-350(2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2015.03.136
  11. Kamaraj, R. and Vasudevan, S., "Evaluation of electro-coagulation process for the removal of strontium and cesium from aqueous solution," Chem. Eng. Res. Design, 93, 522-530 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2014.03.021
  12. Cornell, R. M., "Adsorption of cesium on minerals : a review," J. Radio-analytical and Nuclear Chem., 171(2), 483-500(1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02219872
  13. Staunton, S., "Adsorption of radio-cesium on various soils : interpretation and consequences of the effects of soil: solution ratio and solution composition on the distribution coefficient," Eur. J. Soil Sci., 45, 409-418(1994). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.1994.tb00526.x
  14. Kobayashi, U., Ohzeki, S., Souda, H. and Yamamoto, H., "Basic experiment on removal of radionuclides in water," J. Jpn. Water Works Assoc., 417, 389-395(1969).

피인용 문헌

  1. Characteristics of Influence of Domestic Radioactivity due to the Accident in a Nuclear Power Plant in a Neighboring Country - Focus on river and dam basin - vol.40, pp.3, 2018, https://doi.org/10.4491/KSEE.2018.40.3.139