DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Morphological Characteristics and Occurrence of Yellow Tuft on Zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica) in Cultivation Fields

들잔디 재배지에 발생한 총생 증상 및 형태적 특성

  • Cheon, Chang Wook (Dvision of Applied Life Science and Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Han, Jung Ji (Southern Forest Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Kim, Dong Soo (Southern Forest Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Kwak, Youn-Sig (Dvision of Applied Life Science and Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Bae, Enu Ji (Southern Forest Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science)
  • 전창욱 (경상대학교 생명과학부 농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 한정지 (국립산림과학원 남부산림자원연구소) ;
  • 김동수 (국립산림과학원 남부산림자원연구소) ;
  • 곽연식 (경상대학교 생명과학부 농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 배은지 (국립산림과학원 남부산림자원연구소)
  • Received : 2016.02.04
  • Accepted : 2016.03.03
  • Published : 2016.03.31

Abstract

Yellow tuft symptoms of a dense cluster on zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.) occurred extensively at cultivated fields of zoysiagrass sods in Jangsung. The dense cluster of zoysiagrass showed significant morphological changes such as the tufts of shortening of internodes. The disease symptom was spread on a large scale throughout stolon nodes with multiple short leaves and it thrives in broom-like shaped clusters, exhibiting light green or yellow color on their leaves. The dense cluster of zoysiagrass had approximately 5.8 times more leaves on each node of its stolon then healthy zoysiagrass. Also, these zoysiagrass had poorly developed root and stolon caused by the tufts of a dense cluster of shoots. The dense cluster of zoysiagrass were collected for the putative causal agent incubation and upon close observation, it was found that the sporangia took the shape of a lemon, each sporangium was pointed at the end of its axis and was measured to be $60{\sim}96{\times}42{\sim}51{\mu}m$. These findings were analogous to the mycological characteristics of sporangia formed by the pathogen Sclerophthora macrospora. The symptoms of yellow tuft were prevalent in spring and autumn. Therefore, this study aims to present fundamental data in relation to yellow tuft on zoysiagrass in Korea.

장성지역 잔디 재배지에서 총생 증상의 들잔디가 발생하였다. 총생 증상의 들잔디는 작고 다발형태로 유의한 형태적인 변화를 보였고, 병징은 여러 개의 잎이 짧은 포복경 마디에 무더기로 발생되어 빗자루처럼 총생 형태를 보였으며, 총생 형태의 잔디는 잎이 황화되면서 연녹색이나 노란색을 띄었다. 총생 증상을 보이는 들잔디는 건전한 들잔디에 비해 포복경 1개 마디당 약 5.8배 이상의 잎이 발생하였다. 또한 과도한 지상부 생육으로 인해 포복경과 지하부 생장이 저조하였다. 총생 병징의 들잔디를 채집하여 병원균을 배양한 후 관찰한 결과 포자낭의 모양은 레몬모양이었으며, 포자낭 축의 끝이 뾰족하게 튀어나와 있었고, 크기는 $60{\sim}96{\times}42{\sim}51{\mu}m$로 관찰되었다. 이는 Sclerophthora macrospora 병원균이 형성하는 포자낭의 균학적 특징과 유사하였고, 봄과 가을에 병징을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구를 통하여 국내 잔디 재배지 총생 증상에 대한 기초적인 자료를 제시하고자 한다.

Keywords

References

  1. Bea, E.J., Lee, K.S., Park, N.C. and Huh, M.R. 2012. Effect of topdressing height on the growth of zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica). J. Agri. Life Sci. 46:83-89. (In Korean)
  2. Beard, J.B. 2004. Beard's turfgrass encyclopedia. Michigan State University Press. East Lensing, USA.
  3. Dernoeden, P.H. 2002. Creeping bentgrass management: Summer stresses, weeds, and selected maladies. John Wiley and Sons, Inc. New Jersey, USA.
  4. Dernoeden, P.H. and Fu, J. 2008. Fungicides can mitigate injury and improve creeping bentgrass quality. Golf Course Management. 76:102-106.
  5. Emmons R.D. 2007. Turfgrass science and management. pp. 123. In Emmons, R.D. (ed.). Soil chemistry. Thomson. Canada.
  6. Grisham, M.P., Toler, R.W. and Bruton, B.D. 1985. Effect of Sclerophthora macrospora on growth and development of St. Augustinegrass. Plant Disease. 69:289-291. https://doi.org/10.1094/PD-69-289
  7. Han, J.J., Lee, K.S., Choi, S.M., Park, Y.B. and Bae, E.J. 2015. Soil properties and growth characteristics by production periods of zoysiagrass sods. Weed Turf. Sci. 4:262-267. (In Korean) https://doi.org/10.5660/WTS.2015.4.3.262
  8. Jackson, N. 1977. Yellow tuft disease of turfgrass: A review of recent studies conducted in Rhode Island. pp. 265-270. Beard, J. B. Ed. In proceeding Third International Turfgrass conference. International Turfgrass Society and ASA and CSSA, Madison, WI, USA.
  9. Jackson, N. 1980. Yellow tuft disease of turfgrasses: a review of recent studies conducted in Rhode Island. Proc. 3rd International Turfgrass Conference, International Turfgrass Society p. 197.
  10. Jackson, N. and Dernoeden, P.H. 1978. Sclerophthora macrospora the causal agent of yellow turf disease in turfgrasses. Phytopathol. News 12:236.
  11. Jee, H.J., Han, S.S. and Kweon, J.H. 2002. A simple method for sporangial formation of the rice downy mildew pathogen, Sclerophthora macrospora. Plant Pathol. J. 18:77-80. (In Korean) https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.2002.18.2.077
  12. Jones, B.L. and Amador, J. 1969. Downy mildew, a new disease of St. Augustinegrass. Plant Dis. Rep. 53:852-854.
  13. KFS (Korea Forest Service). 2014. 2013 Forest products investigation. Seoul, Korea.
  14. Kim, K.D., Hong, S.C., Jang, K.M., Han, M.H., Pyee, J.H., et al. 2014. First report of waitea ring patch caused by Waitea circinata on Zoysiagrass. Kor. Weed Turf. Sci. 3:378-381. (In Korea) https://doi.org/10.5660/WTS.2014.3.4.378
  15. Kim, W.G., Shim, G.Y., Cho, W.D. and Lee, Y.H. 1991. Anastomosis groups and pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia solani isolates causing Rhizoctonia blight of turfgrasses. J. Plant Pathol. 7:257-259. (In Korean)
  16. Lee, S., Yu, H.C., Yoon, B.S., Yang, G.M., Kim, J.Y., et al. 2013. Soil and morphological characteristics of native zoysiagrasses by the habitats. Weed Turf. Sci. 2:55-61. (In Korean) https://doi.org/10.5660/WTS.2013.2.1.055
  17. Min, Y.G., Lee, J.H. and Kwak, Y.S. 2014. A detail investigation of major diseases occurrence and pathogen population on turfgrass cultivation in nationwide. Weed Turf. Sci. 3:121-129. (In Korean) https://doi.org/10.5660/WTS.2014.3.2.121
  18. RDA. 2003. Agricultural science technique research investigation and analysis standard. 4th ed. Suwon, Korea.
  19. Robert, D.E. 2007. Turfgrass science and management, 4th edition. Thomson Delmar Learning. Clifton Park, NY, USA.
  20. Shim, G.Y., Min, G.Y., Shin, H.D. and Lee, H.J. 2000. Occurrence dollar spot caused by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa in turfgrass of golf course in Korea. Kor. Turfgrass Sci. 14:214-250. (In Korean)
  21. Smiley, R.W., Dernoeden, P.H. and Clarke, B.B. 2005. Compendium of turfgrass diseases, 3rd ed. American Phytopathological Society. ST. Paul, USA.
  22. Turgeon, A.J. 2008. Turfgrass management, 8th edition. Pearson Education, Inc., East Lansing, USA.
  23. Vargas, J.M. Jr. 2005. Management of turfgrass disease. John Wiley and Sons, Inc. New Jersey, USA.

Cited by

  1. First Report of Downy Mildew Caused by Sclerophthora sp. on Zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica) in Korea 2017, https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-17-0609-PDN