식물병연구 (Research in Plant Disease)

한국식물병리학회 (The Korean Society of Plant Pathology)
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2014년과 2015년 전남 보성에서의 키위 궤양병의 계절별 발생소장

Seasonal Prevalence of Bacterial Canker of Kiwifruit in Boseong in 2014 and 2015

  • Son, Kyeong In (Pear Research Institute, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Gyoung Hee (Department of Plant Medicine, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Choi, Eu Ddeum (Department of Plant Medicine, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Kim, Kwang-Hyung (APEC Climate Center) ;
  • Lee, Young Sun (Department of Biology, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Jung, Jae Sung (Department of Biology, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Koh, Young Jin (Department of Plant Medicine, Sunchon National University)
  • Received : 20160631
  • Accepted : 2016.09.30
  • Published : 2016.12.31
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Abstract

궤양병에 의해 자연감염된 전남 보성군 조성면 헤이워드 과수원에서 2014년과 2015년 궤양병 발생소장을 주기적으로 조사했다. 줄기궤양병은 2014년에 2월 중순부터 2015년에는 3월 초순부터 발생하기 시작하였는데, 줄기에서 세균 유출액이 흘러내리기 시작하여 4월 하순 무렵까지 지속되다가 5월에 접어들면 더 이상 세균유출액을 관찰할 수 없고 줄기 표면에 궤양병 병반만 나타났다. 2014년 줄기궤양병 감염률이 44.7%였지만 2015년에는 69.7%로 급증하였는데, 주간부까지 감염된 나무들은 1년 후 대부분 고사했다. 잎궤양병은 5월 초순부터 잎에 연두색 둥근 달무리 증상이 나타나고 점차 노란 테두리를 가진 갈색 점무늬 병징이 변하면서 확산되기 시작하였으며 습한 조건에서는 노란 테두리가 없는 갈색 점무늬들이 관찰되었다. 2014년에는 7월 중순까지 2015년에는 7월 하순까지만 잎에 새로운 병반들이 형성되었으며 이미 형성된 병반에서도 Psa는 검출되지 않았다. 기온이 다시 내려간 2014년 10월 하순 무렵에 잎에서 다시 새로운 병반이 잎에 드물게 나타났다. 꽃봉오리에는 개화전 5월 중순 무렵에 꽃받침이 괴사되는 꽃봉오리들이 관찰되었다. 키위 궤양병의 모니터링 적기는 줄기와 잎, 꽃봉오리 모두에서 궤양병 병징이 나타나고 Psa가 잘 분리되는 5월로 확인되었다. 전남 보성에서 2년 동안 기상자료에 따른 궤양병의 발생소장 분석결과를 토대로 우리나라에 적합한 키위 궤양병의 병환을 작성했다.

Seasonal prevalence of bacterial canker of kiwifruit caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) was investigated at a naturally infected orchard in Boseong, Jeonnam in 2014 and 2015. Stem canker began to occur in mid-February in 2014 and early March in 2015. Bacterial ooze was observed on canes, leaders and trunks until late May and gradually disappeared thereafter. The percentages of infected trees were 44.7% and 69.7% in 2014 and 2015, respectively. Trees with trunk canker in a previous year died in 2015. Leaf canker symptoms began to appear as brown spots with chlorotic halos in early May and irregular dark brown spots without halos were observed under humid conditions. Leaf canker progressed until mid-July in 2014 and late July in 2015. No Psa was detected from the leaf lesions on leaves thereafter, but new infection of Psa was observed on leaves in late October. Infected blossoms with blighted calyx were sometimes observed from mid-May. Optimal monitoring period to detect Psa was May when it could be easily detected from stems, leaves and blossoms. Disease cycle of bacterial canker of kiwifruit modified for Korea was proposed based on the seasonal prevalence of bacterial canker analyzed according to weather data in Boseong, Jeonnam over 2 years.

Keywords

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