Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering (한국표면공학회지)

The Korean Institute of Surface Engineering (한국표면공학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Sintering Behavior of Ag-Ni Electrode Powder with Core-shell Structure

  • Kim, Kyung Ho (Engineering Ceramic Center, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology) ;
  • Koo, Jun-Mo (Engineering Ceramic Center, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology) ;
  • Ryu, Sung-Soo (Engineering Ceramic Center, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology) ;
  • Yoon, Sang Hun (Munmoo CO., LTD.) ;
  • Han, Yoon Soo (Engineering Ceramic Center, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology)
  • Received : 2016.11.26
  • Accepted : 2016.12.21
  • Published : 2016.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Expensive silver powder is used to form electrodes in most IT equipment, and recently, many attempts have been made to lower manufacturing costs by developing powders with Ag-Ni or Ag-Cu core-shell structures. This study examined the sintering behavior of Ag-Ni electrode powder with a core-shell structure for silicon solar cell with high energy efficiency. The electrode powder was found to have a surface similar to pure Ag powder, and cross-sectional analysis revealed that Ag was uniformly coated on Ni powder. Each electrode was formed by sintering in the range of $500^{\circ}C$ to $800^{\circ}C$, and the specimen sintered at $600^{\circ}C$ had the lowest sheet resistance of $5.5m{\Omega}/{\Box}$, which is about two times greater than that of pure Ag. The microstructures of electrodes formed at varying sintering temperatures were examined to determine why sheet resistance showed a minimum value at $600^{\circ}C$. The electrode formed at $600^{\circ}C$ had the best Ag connectivity, and thus provided a better path for the flow of electrons.

Keywords

References

  1. J. Zhao, A. Wang, P. P. Altermatt, S. R. Wenham. M. A. Green, 22% efficient perl silicon solar cell: Recent improvements in high efficiency silicon cell research, Sol. Energ. Mat. Sol. C., 41 (1996) 87-99.
  2. J. Zhao, A. Wang, M. A. Green, 24.5% efficiency PERT silicon solar cells on SEH MCZ substrates and cell performance on other SEH CZ and FZ substrates, Sol. Energ. Mat. Sol. C., 66 (2001) 27-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0927-0248(00)00155-0
  3. M. A. Green, J. Zhao, A. Wang, S. R. Wenham, Progress and outlook for high-efficiency crystalline silicon solar cels, Sol. Energ. Mat. Sol. C., 65 (2001) 9-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0927-0248(00)00072-6
  4. J. Zhao, Recent advances of high-efficiency single crystalline silicon solar cells in progressing technologies and substrate materials, Sol. Energ. Mat. Sol. C., 82 (2004) 53-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2004.01.005
  5. I. Repins, M. A. Contreras, B. Egaas, C. Dehart, J. Scharf, C. L. Perkins, B. To, R. Noufi, 19.9%- efficient ZnO/CdS/$CuInGaSe_2$ solar cell with 81.2% fill factor, Prog. Photovoltaics, 16 (2008) 235-239. https://doi.org/10.1002/pip.822
  6. P. Jackson, D. Hariskos, E. Lotter, S. Paetel, R. Wuerz, R. Menner, W. Wischmann, M. Powalla, New world record efficiency for Cu(In,Ga)$Se_2$ thin-film solar cells beyond 20%, Prog. Photovoltaics, 19 (2011) 894-897. https://doi.org/10.1002/pip.1078
  7. A. Hagfeldt, G. Boschloo, L. Sun, L. Kloo, H. Pettersson, Dye-sensitized solar cells, Chem. Rev., 110 (2010) 6595-6663. https://doi.org/10.1021/cr900356p
  8. M. Gratzel, Dye-sensitized solar cells, J. Photoch. Photobio. C., 4 (2003) 145-153. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1389-5567(03)00026-1
  9. M. Law, L. E. Greene, J. C. Johnson, R. Saykally, P. Yang, Nanowire dye-sensitized solar cells, Nat. Mater., 4 (2005) 455-459. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat1387
  10. M. A. Green, The path to 25% solicon solar cell efficiency, Prog. Photovoltaics, 17 (2009) 183-189. https://doi.org/10.1002/pip.892
  11. C. C. Lee, D. H. Chen, Large-scale synthesis of Ni-Ag core-shell nanoparticles with magnetic, optical and anti-oxidation porperties, Nanotechnology, 17 (2006) 3094-3099. https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/17/13/002
  12. M. Tsuji, S. Hikino, M. Matsunaga, Y. Sano, T. Hashizume, H. Kawazumi, Rapid synthesis of Ag@Ni core-shell nanoparticles using a microwave-polyol method, Mat. Lett., 64 (2010) 1793-1797. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2010.05.032
  13. J. Zhao, D. Zhang, J. Zhao, Fabrication of Cu-Ag core-shell bimetallic superfine powders by ecofriendly reagents and structures characterization, J. Solid State Chem., 184 (2011) 2339-2344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2011.06.032
  14. M. Singleton, P. Nash, The Ag-Ni (silver-Nickel) system, J. Phase Equilib., 8 (1987) 119-121. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02873194