DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The relationship between halitosis, stress, and psychological status among Korean adolescents

우리나라 청소년의 구취증상 경험과 스트레스 및 심리상태와의 관계

  • Park, Hee-Jung (Department of Public Health Sciences, Korea University, Graduate School) ;
  • Han, Seong Min (School of Social & Welfare, Kyung-woon University)
  • 박희정 (고려대학교 대학원 보건과학과) ;
  • 한성민 (경운대학교 사회복지학부)
  • Received : 2015.11.19
  • Accepted : 2016.01.05
  • Published : 2016.01.31

Abstract

This study examined the relationships among halitosis, stress and psychological status using a cross-sectional survey of 3,689 adolescents (1,805 male 1,884 female) from the 2010 Korean Survey on the Health of Youth and Children. The related factors of halitosis were checked and the path model was also examined using AMOS 19.0 programs. The prevalence of halitosis was 27.4%. Based on path analysis, the significant coefficients paths were as follows: $halitosis{\rightarrow}stress$, $halitosis{\rightarrow}depression$, $halitosis{\rightarrow}anxiety$, $halitosis{\rightarrow}tension$, $halitosis{\rightarrow}hostility$. Halitosis had an indirect effect on the psychological status linked to depression, anxiety, tension, and hostility via stress. Overall, the results provide stronger support for the halitosis impact of stress and psychological health. Moreover, the effective prevention of halitosis may be important for understanding the specific psychological factors.

본 연구는 우리나라 청소년이 경험하는 구취증상과 스트레스 및 심리상태간의 구조적 관계를 검증하는데 목적을 두었다. 이를 위해 2010 한국청소년건강실태조사 원자료를 활용하였고 연구대상자는 중 고등학생 3,689명(남학생 1,805명, 여학생 1,884명)이었다. 단변량 분석에서 확인된 구취와 관련된 요인은 경로모형에서 통제변수로 설정하여 투입하였고, 구취증상과 스트레스, 그리고 우울감, 불안, 긴장, 적대감으로 측정된 심리상태와의 관계와 그 경로를 검증하였다. 분석결과, 구취증상 경험이 있는 청소년은 27.4% 이었고, 경로모형을 검증한 결과에서는 구취증상${\rightarrow}$스트레스(${\beta}=0.083$, P<0.001), 구취증상${\rightarrow}$우울(${\beta}=0.067$, P<0.001), 구취증상${\rightarrow}$불안(${\beta}=0.072$, P<0.001), 구취증상${\rightarrow}$긴장(${\beta}=0.072$, P<0.001), 구취증상${\rightarrow}$적대감(${\beta}=01.074$, P<0.001)로 가는 경로가 유의하게 나타났다. 또한 구취증상은 스트레스를 매개로 우울, 불안, 긴장, 적대감에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 간접효과를 확인할 수 있었다. 결론적으로 구취를 예방하는데 있어 스트레스와 다양한 심리적인 요소도 고려되어야 할 것이며 구취가 있는 청소년에게서 심리적 지지를 위한 지원과 강화방안이 논의되어야 할 것이다.

Keywords

References

  1. Porter S, Scully C, "Oral Malodour (Halitosis)", British Medical Journal", Vol.333, pp. 632-5, 2006. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.38954.631968.AE.
  2. Vali A, Roohafza H, Keshteli AH, Afghari P, Shirani MJ, Afshar H, Omid S, Peyman A, "Relationship between Subjective Halitosis and Psychological factors", International Dental Journal, Vol.65, pp. 120-126, 2015. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/idj.12153.
  3. Salvatore Settineri1, Carmela Mento, Simona C Gugliotta, Ambra Saitta, Antonella Terranova,Giuseppe Trimarchi, Domenico Mallamace "Self-Reported Halitosis and Emotional State: Impact on Oral Conditions and Treatments", Health Quality Life Outcomes, Vol.8, pp. 34, 2010. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-8-34
  4. van den Broek AM, Feenstra L, de Baat C. "A Review of the Current Literature on Management of Halitosis", Oral Disease, Vol.14, pp. 30-39, 2008. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-0825.2006.01350.x.
  5. Tonzetich J, "Production and Origin of Oral Malodor: A Review of Mechanisms and Methods of Analysis", Journal of Periodontology, Vol.48 No.1, pp. 13-20, 1977. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1902/8:13-20.10.1902/jop.1977.48.1.13
  6. Rosenberg M. Knaan T. Cohen D, " Association among Bad Breath, Body Mass Index, and Alcohol Intake", Journal of Dental Research, Vol.86 No.10, pp. 997-1000, 2007. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154405910708601015
  7. K. S. Han, "Self-Perceived Oral Malodor Symptoms and associated Factors", Korean Society of Dental Hygiene, Vol.13 No.3, pp. 475-480, 2013. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.13065/jksdh.2013.13.3.475
  8. S. J. Won, A Review of Relationship between Halitosis and Psychological Aspects [Master's thesis], Graduate School of Dentistry Chonnam National University, 2010.
  9. H. J. Yoon, J. Y. Lee, "A Clinical Study on Characteristics of Pediatric Patients with Halitosis", The Journal of Korean Oriental Pediatrics. Vol.24 No.2, pp. 75-87, 2010.
  10. Queiroz CS, Hayacibara MF, Tabchoury CPM, Marcondes FK, Cury JA, "Relationship between Stressful Situations, Salivary Flow Rate and Oral Volatile Sulfur-Containing Compounds", European Journal of Oral Sciences, Vol.110, pp. 337-340, 2002. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0722.2002.21320.x
  11. J. S. Han, J. H. Hong, J. S. Choi, "Factors Associated with Self-Assessment of Halitosis in Adult", The Journal of the Korea Contents Association, Vol.11 No.12, pp. 347-116, 2011. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5392/JKCA.2011.11.12.347.
  12. Suzuki N, Yoneda M, Naito T, Iwamoto T, Hirofuji T, "Relationship between Halitosis and Psychologic Status", O Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, And Endodontology, Vol.106, pp. 542-547, 2008. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tripleo.2008.03.009
  13. de Jongh A, van Wijk AJ, Horstman M, de Baat C, "Attitudes towards individuals with halitosis: an online cross sectional survey of the Dutch general population", British Dental Journal, Vol.216 E8, 2014. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.2014.101.
  14. McKeown L, "Social Relations and Breath Odour", International Journal of Dental Hygiene, Vol.1 No.4, pp. 213-217, 2003. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.10.1034/j.1601-5037.2003.00056.x
  15. J. S. Chung, H. S. Park, D. Y. Na, E. K. Noh, C. H. Choi, J. Park, "Halitosis and Related Factors among Adolescents in Korea", Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health, Vol.34, pp. 534-542, 2010.
  16. Rani H, Ueno M, Zaitsu T, Kawaguchi Y, "Oral malodour among adolescents and its association with health behaviour and oral health status", International Journal of Dental Hygiene, 2015[In press]. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/1111/idh.12160
  17. Yokoyama S, Ohnuki M, Shinada K, Ueno M, Wright FA, Kawaguchi Y, "Oral Malodor and Related Factors in Japanese Senior High School Students", Journal of School Health, Vol.80 No.7, pp. 346-352, 2010. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.2010.00512.x
  18. Y. Y. Lee, J. P. Hong, T. Y. Lee, "Halitosis and Related Factors among Rural Residents", Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain, Vol.32 No.2, pp. 157-175, 2007.
  19. M. H. Hong, "Correlation between Stress, Dry mouth and Halitosis in Adults", Korean Society of Dental Hygiene in Journal of Korean Society of Dental Hygiene, Vol.15, pp. 389-397, 2015. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.13065/jksdh.2015.15.03.389.
  20. Institute. TNYP. Korean youth indicator survey V: Health and safety (protection) [Internet]. Seoul: Author; 2010 [cited 2015 August 31]. Available from: http://118.128.24.6/pdfs/2010/11.pdf.
  21. Nadanovsky P, Carvalho L, Ponce de Leon A, "Oral Malodour and its Association with Age and Sex in A General Population in Brazil", Oral Disease, Vol.13, pp. 105-109, 2007. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-0825.2006.01257.x
  22. Tonzetich J, Preti G, Huggins GR, "Changes in Concentration of Volatile Sulphur Compounds of Mouth Air during the Menstrual Cycle", Journal Of International Medical Research, Vol. 6 No.3, pp. 245-254, 1978. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030006057800600313
  23. M. R. Lee, J. S. Choi, "Self-reported Halitosis and the Associated Factors in Adults", Journal of Dental Hygiene Science, Vol.13 No.2, pp. 142-150, 2013.
  24. Lopez R, Fernandez O, Baelum V, "Social Gradients in Periodontal Diseases among Adolescents", Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, Vol.34 No.3, pp. 184-196, 2006. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.2006.00271.x
  25. B. M. Shin, S. H. Jung, "Socio-Economic Inequalities in Dental Caries in Korea", Journal Korean Academy of Oral Health. Vol.36 No.2, pp. 144-152. 2012.
  26. H. J. Park, H. W. Kim, S. Y. Ko, J. H. Lee, "Moderating Effects of Oral Health Behaviors on the Relation between Daily Stress", Korean Public Health Research, Vol.41 No1, pp. 81-93, 2015.
  27. S. J. Shin, Y. S. Ahn, S. H. Jung, "The relation between dental Health Behaviors and Socioeconomic Status among Korean adolescents". Journal of Korean Academy or Oral Health. Vol.32 No.2, pp. 223-230, 2008.
  28. West P, "Health inequalities in the early years: is there equalisation in youth? Is there equalisation in youth?", Social Science & Medicine, Vol.44 No.6, pp. 833-858, 1997. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0277-9536(96)00188-8
  29. M. S. Kim, H. S. Park, Y. S. Kim, "Correlation between Health Behaviors and Experiences of Oral Diseases in Adolescents", Journal of Korean Society of Dental Hygiene, Vol.15 No.3, pp. 513-521. 2015. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.13065/jksdh.2015.15.03.513
  30. The Ministry of Health & Welfare, "2012 Korean National Oral Health Survey: Survey Report", Seoul: Ministry of Health & Welfare, 2013.
  31. Zaitsu T, Ueno M, Shinada K, Wright FA, Kawaguchi Y. "Social Anxiety Disorder in Genuine Halitosis Patients", Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, Vol.9, pp. 94, 2011. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-9-94
  32. Mcgee R, Williams S, "Does Low Self-esteem Predict Health Compromising Behaviours among Adolescents?", Journal of Adolescence, Vol.23, pp .569-582, 2000. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jado.2000.0344
  33. Baker S, Mat A, Robinson P, "What Psychosocial Factors Influence Adolescents' Oral Health?", Journal of Dental Research, Vol.89 No.11, pp. 1230-1235, 2010. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034510376650
  34. H. J. Park, M. S. Sohn, J. H. Lee, B. H. Jin, H. Y. Lee, T. I. Kim, "The Mediation Effects of Psychological Factors in the Relationship between Mouth Dryness and Oral Health Related Quality of Life", Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health, Vol.38 No.1, pp. 31-40. 2014. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11149/jkaoh.2014.38.1.31