Journal of the Korean Society of Safety (한국안전학회지)

The Korean Society of Safety (한국안전학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Effects of Employers' Breach of Safety Obligation and Violation of Psychological Contract on the Workers' Safety Behaviors and Turnover Intention

고용주의 안전 의무 불이행과 심리적 계약 위반이 근로자의 안전행동과 이직의도에 미치는 효과

  • Hwang, Kyongin (Department of Psychology, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Moon, Kwangsu (Department of Psychology, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Oh, Shezeen (Department of Psychology, Chung-Ang University)
  • Received : 2015.03.02
  • Accepted : 2015.05.27
  • Published : 2015.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study examined the effects of employers' breach of safety obligation and violation of psychological contract on the workers' safety behaviors and turnover intention. Especially, this study examined a mediating effect of violation of psychological contract on the relationship between employer's breach of safety obligation and workers' safety behavior and turnover. 198 workers were asked to respond to the questionnaires that measured various demographic variables, employers' breach of safety obligation, violation of psychological contract, safety behavior, turnover intention. A hierarchical regression was conducted to identify variables that had significant relationships between employers' breach of safety obligation and employees' safety behavior and turnover intention, and to examine the mediating effect of violation of psychological contract. Results indicated that the employers' breach of safety obligation significantly predicted both workers' safety behaviors and turnover intention. It was also found that the violation of psychological contract was a significant predictor for both workers' safety behavior and turnover intention. In addition, violation of psychological contract was found as mediating effect on the relationship between employers' breach of safety obligation and workers' safety behavior and turnover intention. Based on these results, the implications of this study and suggestions for future research were discussed.

Keywords

References

  1. Korea Occupational Safety & Health Agency (KOSHA), "Analysis of Industrial Accident in 2012", 2014.
  2. J. H. Michael, D. D. Evans, K. J. Jansen and J. M. Haight, "Management Commitment to Safety as Organizational Support: Relationships with Non-safety Outcomes in Wood Manufacturing Employees", Journal of Safety Research, Vol. 36, No. 2, pp. 171-179, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2005.03.002
  3. K. S. Kim and Y. S. Park, "The Effects of Safety Climate on Safety Behavior and Accident", Korean Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Vol. 15. No. 1, pp. 19-39, 2002.
  4. B. Schneider, "The Climate for Service: An Application of the Climate Construct", San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, pp. 383-412, 1990.
  5. A. I, Glendon and D. K. Litherland, "Safety Climate Factors, Group Differences and Safety Behaviour in Road Construction", Safety Science, Vol. 39, No. 3, pp. 157-188, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-7535(01)00006-6
  6. S. Singer, S. Lin, A. Falwell, D. Gaba and L. Baker, "Relationship of Safety Climate and Safety Performance in Hospitals", Health Services Research, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 399-421, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2008.00918.x
  7. D. Zohar, "The Effects of Leadership Dimensions, Safety Climate, and Assigned Priorities on Minor Injuries in Work Groups", Journal of Organizational Behavior, Vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 75-92, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.130
  8. Y, H, Huang, M. Ho, G. S. Smith and P. Y. Chen, "Safety Climate and Self-reported Injury: Assessing the Mediating Role of Employee Safety Control", Accident Analysis & Prevention, Vol. 38, No. 3, pp. 425-433, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2005.07.002
  9. D. J. Koys, "The Effects of Employee Satisfaction, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, and Turnover on Organizational Effectiveness: A Unit-Level, Longitudinal Study", Personnel Psychology, Vol. 54, No. 1, pp. 101-114, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2001.tb00087.x
  10. W. H. Mobley, and M. J. Fisk, "Employee Turnover, Causes, Consequences and Control", MA: Addison-Wesley, pp. 1-205, 1982.
  11. K. S. Moon, J. H. Lee and S. Z. Oah, "The Effects of Safety Leadership of Manager and Safety Climate in the Organization on the Workers' Safety Behaviors", Journal of the Korea Society of Safety, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp. 66-72, 2013. https://doi.org/10.14346/JKOSOS.2013.28.2.066
  12. T. C. Wu, C. H. Chen, and C. C. Li, "A Correlation Among Safety Leadership, Safety Climate and Safety Performance", Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 307-318, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2007.11.001
  13. D. M. Rousseau, "New Hire Perceptions of Their Own and Their Employer's Obligations: A Study of Psychological Contracts", Journal of Organizational Behavior, Vol. 11, No. 5, pp. 389-400, 1990. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030110506
  14. R. P. Settoon, N. Bennett and R. C. Liden, "Social Exchange in Organizations: Perceived Organizational Support, Leader-member Exchange and Employee Reciprocity", Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 81, No. 3, pp. 219-227, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.81.3.219
  15. W. H. Turnley and D. C. Feldman, "Psychological Contract Violations during Corporate Restructuring", Human Resource Management, Vol. 37, No. 1, pp. 71-83, 1998. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-050X(199821)37:1<71::AID-HRM7>3.0.CO;2-S
  16. V. Cassar and R. B. Briner, "The Relationship between Psychological Contract Breach and Organizational Commitment: Exchange Imbalance as a Moderator of the Mediating Role of Violation", Journal of Vocational Behavior, Vol. 78, No. 2, pp. 283-289, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2010.09.007
  17. Y. G. Jung and K. M. Lee. "Psychological Contract Violation and Employees' Attitudes: Moderating Role of Equity Sensitivity", Journal of Korean Association of Governmental Studies, Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 495-515, 2006.
  18. A. Walker, and D. M. Hutton, "The Application of the Psychological Contract to Workplace Safety", Journal of Safety Research, Vol. 37, No. 5, pp. 433-441, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2006.06.001
  19. A. Walker, "The Development and Validation of a Psychological Contract of Safety Scale", Journal of Safety Research, Vol. 41, No. 4, pp. 315-321, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2010.06.002
  20. L. M. Shore et al., "The Employee-organization Relationship: A Timely Concept in a Period of Transition", Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management, Vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 291-370, 2004.
  21. M. Sully, "When Rules are not Enough: Safety Regulation and Safety Culture in the Workplace", In Insurance Commission of Western Australia Road Safety Conference, August. Perth, WA, 2001.
  22. A. Walker, "Outcomes Associated with Breach and Fulfillment of the Psychological Contract of Safety", Journal of Safety Research, Vol. 47, No. 1, pp.31-37, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2013.08.008
  23. E. W. Morrison, and S. L. Robinson, "When Employees Feel Betrayed: A Model of How Psychological Contract Violation Develops", Academy of Management Review, Vol. 22, No. 1, pp. 226-256, 1997. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMR.1997.9707180265
  24. P. M. Blau, "Exchange and Power in Social Life", Transaction Publishers, 1964.
  25. A. W. Gouldner, "The Norm of Reciprocity: A Preliminary Statement", American Sociological Review, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161-178, 1960. https://doi.org/10.2307/2092623
  26. S. L. Robinson, "Trust and Breach of the Psychological Contract", Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 41, No. 4, pp. 574-599, 1996. https://doi.org/10.2307/2393868
  27. W. H. Turnley and D. C. Feldman, "The Impact of Psychological Contract Violations on Exit, Voice, Loyalty and Neglect", Human Relations, Vol. 52, No. 7, pp. 895-922, 1999. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872679905200703
  28. J. Coyle-Shapiro and I. Kessler, "Consequences of the Psychological Contract for the Employment Relationship: A Large Scale Survey", Journal of Management Studies, Vol. 37, No. 7, pp. 903-930, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6486.00210
  29. J. A. M. Coyle-Shapiro and I. Kessler, "Exploring Reciprocity through the Lens of the Psychological Contract: Employee and Employer Perspectives", European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp. 69-86, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1080/13594320143000852
  30. U. Raja, G. Johns and F. Ntalianis, "The Impact of Personality on Psychological Contracts", Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 47, No. 3, pp. 350-367, 2004. https://doi.org/10.2307/20159586
  31. R. A. Guzzo and K. A. Noonan, "Human Resource Practices as Communications and the Psychological Contract", Human Resource Management, Vol. 33, No. 3, pp. 447-462, 1994. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.3930330311
  32. D. A. Hofmann and F. P. Morgeson, "Safety-related Behavior as a Social Exchange: The Role of Perceived Organizational Support and Leader-Member Exchange", Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 84, No. 2, pp. 286, 1999. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.84.2.286
  33. D. A. Hofmann, F. P. Morgeson and S. J. Gerras, "Climate as a Moderator of the Relationship between Leader-member Exchange and Content Specific Citizenship: Safety Climate as an Exemplar", Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 88, No. 1, pp. 170, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.1.170
  34. W. H. Mobley and M. J. Fisk, "Employee Turnover, Causes, Consequences and Control", MA: Addison-Wesley, 1982.
  35. Ministry of Employment and Labor, "Report on Labor Force Survey at Establishments 2014", 2014.
  36. R. M. Baron and D. A. Kenny, "The Moderator-mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research: Conceptual, Strategic and Statistical Considerations", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 51, No. 6, pp. 1173, 1986. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173
  37. M. A. Griffin and A. Neal, "Perceptions of Safety at Work: A Framework for Linking Safety Climate to Safety Performance, Knowledge and Motivation", Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 347, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.5.3.347
  38. J. D. Cook, S. J. Hepworth, T. D. Wall and P. B. Warr, "The Experience of Work: A Compendium and Review of 249 Measures and Their Use", Academic Press, London, 1981.
  39. D. P. MacKinnon, J. L. Krull and C. M. Lockwood, "Equivalence of the Mediation, Confounding and Suppression Effect", Prevention Science, Vol. 1, No. 4, pp. 173-181, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026595011371
  40. P. E. Shrout and N. Bolger, "Mediation in Experimental and Nonexperimental Studies: New Procedures and Recommendations", Psychological Methods, Vol. 7, No. 4, pp. 422, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.7.4.422
  41. K. H. Lee, K. S. Moon, J. H. Lee and S. Z. Oah, "The Effects of Self-management on Supervisory Behaviors at a Construction Site", Journal of the Korea Society of Safety, Vol. 27, No. 6, pp. 1-9, 2012. https://doi.org/10.14346/JKOSOS.2012.27.6.001