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Changes of Physicochemical Properties of Salted-Fermented Anchovy Meat Engraulis japonica with Different Salt Content During Fermentation at 15℃

식염첨가량이 다른 멸치(Engraulis japonica)육젓의 15℃ 숙성 중 이화학적 특성의 변화

  • LEE, Jae-Dong (Department of Seafood and Aquaculture Science/Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • KANG, Kyung-Hun (Department of Seafood and Aquaculture Science/Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • KWON, Soon-Jae (National Fisheries Research & Development Institute) ;
  • YOON, Moon-Joo (Department of Seafood and Aquaculture Science/Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • PARK, Si-Young (Department of Seafood and Aquaculture Science/Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • PARK, Jin-Hyo (Department of Seafood and Aquaculture Science/Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • KIM, Jeong-Gyun (Department of Seafood and Aquaculture Science/Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University)
  • 이재동 (경상대학교 해양식품생명의학과/해양산업연구소) ;
  • 강경훈 (경상대학교 해양식품생명의학과/해양산업연구소) ;
  • 권순재 (국립수산과학원) ;
  • 윤문주 (경상대학교 해양식품생명의학과/해양산업연구소) ;
  • 박시영 (경상대학교 해양식품생명의학과/해양산업연구소) ;
  • 박진효 (경상대학교 해양식품생명의학과/해양산업연구소) ;
  • 김정균 (경상대학교 해양식품생명의학과/해양산업연구소)
  • Received : 2015.09.14
  • Accepted : 2015.10.10
  • Published : 2015.10.31

Abstract

This study was undertaken to investigate the quality changes of salted-fermented anchovy meat made by varying the amount of salt during fermentation at $15^{\circ}C$. Anchovy (11.0-14.0 cm of length, 10.7-17.5 g of weight) added with 15-25% of salt was filled in a round form plastic container (i.d. $10.5{\times}11cm$), and then fermented at $15^{\circ}C$ for 110 days. The factors such as proximate composition, pH, color value (L, a, b), TBA value, amino-N content, salinity, hardness value, free amino acid content and sensory evaluation of salted-fermented anchovy meat were measured. Ash content, color value (redness), TBA value, amino-N content. salinity and hardness value of salted-fermented anchovy meat were increased, but color value (lightness), and moisture content were decreased during fermentation at $15^{\circ}C$. A salted-fermented anchovy meat added with 15% of salt was shown higher content of moisture, amino-N content and free amino acid, TBA value than those of 20 or 25% of salt. Ash content, salinity and hardness value were highest in a product added with 25% of salt. From the result of sensory evaluation, Addition amount of 15% salt and fermentation periods of 110 days were determined to be the most desirable palatability of salted-fermented anchovy meat.

원료멸치에 식염첨가량을 달리하여 $15^{\circ}C$로 설정된 incubator에서 110일간 숙성 중 멸치육젓의 이화학적 및 관능적 특성에 대하여 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. $15^{\circ}C$에서 식염 15, 20 및 25%를 각각 첨가하여 숙성 시킨 멸치육젓의 경우 숙성기간이 길어짐에 따라 수분 함량이 점점 감소하였으며, 조회분 함량은 증가하였고, 조단백질 및 조지방 함량은 거의 변화가 없었다. 그리고 식염첨가량이 많은 시료일수록 수분함량은 감소하였고, 조지방 및 조회분은 증가하였으며, 조단백질 및 pH는 식염첨가량에 따른 차이가 거의 없었다. 숙성기간이 길어질수록 TBA값, 아미노질소 함량, 염도 및 조직감은 그 값이 증가하였으며, 색도는 L값 및 b값은 감소하였으나 a값 및 ${\Delta}E$값은 증가하였다. 식염첨가량이 증가할수록 염도 및 조직감은 증가하였으나 TBA값 및 아미노질소 함량은 감소하였으며, 색도의 경우 적색도(a값)와 황색도(b값)는 증가하였으며, 명도(L값) 및 색차(${\Delta}E$값)는 큰 차이가 없었다. 총유리아미노산 함량은 110일 숙성 시킨 시료의 경우 식염 15%를 첨가한 시료가 가장 많은 함량이었으며, 그 다음으로 식염 20%를 첨가한 시료, 식염 25%를 첨가한 시료의 순이었다. 식염 15-25%를 첨가한 시료 모두 lysine, leucine 및 histidine이 주요아미노산이었다. 관능검사 결과 15, 20 및 25%를 첨가한 시료 모두 숙성 80일 이후 관능적 기호도가 3.0이상으로 좋아짐을 알 수 있었다. 색의 경우 15, 20 및 25%를 첨가한 시료는 차이가 거의 없었으며, 조직감의 경우 식염 25%를 첨가한 시료가 가장 선호도가 좋았고, 그 다음이 20%를 첨가한 시료, 15%를 첨가한 시료의 순이었다. 반면 냄새, 맛 및 종합평가의 경우 식염 15%를 첨가한 시료가 가장 선호도가 좋았고, 그 다음이 20%를 첨가한 시료, 25%를 첨가한 시료의 순으로 나타나 염도가 낮은 시료일수록 관능적 기호도가 좋은 것으로 판단되었다.

Keywords

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