Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture (한국전통조경학회지)

Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture (한국전통조경학회)
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Enjoyment Culture of Garden through Poet(詩) and Text(書), Painting(畵) in the 18·19th Century, Hanyang(漢陽)

시(詩)·서(書)·화(畵)를 통해 본 18·19세기 한양(漢陽)의 원림 향유문화

  • Kim, Dong-Hyun (Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Pai Chai University) ;
  • Choi, Jong-Hee (Division of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Pai Chai University)
  • 김동현 (배재대학교 대학원 원예조경학과) ;
  • 최종희 (배재대학교 원예조경학부)
  • Received : 2015.06.01
  • Accepted : 2015.06.16
  • Published : 2015.06.30
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Abstract

This study aims to contemplated the enjoying culture of Gyeonghwasejok's garden in late Joseon dynasty. It was track down the behavior from cultural perspective by using recorded in literature. The results were as follows. First, Gyeonghwasejok was the main principal of the garden at Hanyang in Joseon Dynasty. There are established residence in the downtown and make a garden. Garden organizer recognized to fine conditions of residences even crowded downtown. As a result people tried to include habitation and garden culture for preserve their cultural benefit. Secondly, Seongsisanrim culture has appeared of common in site selection of garden for occupies the scenic beauty. Garden was surrounded by scenic beauty. Garden organizer was formed archival culture for owning the beautiful landscape through creation of guguk(九曲), designation of space and lettering on rocks. Thirdly, Formation of the collection culture was placed of various ornaments inside garden. A behaviour of landscape view and ornaments appreciation led to the archival culture such as Won-rim-gi(園林記) and essay(小品文). Moreover, hold a friendship meeting for sharing garden culture. Fourthly, Attention of flowering plants was extended to development of gardening hobby such as fashion of pot-planting, planted to exotic tree. It was know that the plants are recognized as favorite elements by target of appreciation according to introduction of plants inside garden. In addition, facility of horticulture and kitchen garden were placed inside garden. Fifth, Influx of chinese garden culture influenced construction of garden space in late Joseon dynasty. Garden organizer recognizes garden as a ideal space by garden aesthetics that Hojungcheonji(壺中天地). And the imitation of Chinese garden culture such as collecting of Chinese's ornaments has become a high-level culture.

본 연구는 경화세족의 원림을 대상으로 조선후기 원림문화의 특성을 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 고문헌과 옛 그림의 분석과 해석을 통해 원림 향유 행태를 도출한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 조선후기 한양에 조성된 원림의 주요 향유 주체는 경화세족으로 한양도성 내부 혹은 도성 인근에 원림을 조성하였다. 이는 좋은 주거지의 조건으로 번잡한 도회지라도 좋다는 관념이 형성된 점에서 기인하며, 이에 따라 도성에서의 문화혜택을 유지하기 위한 주거와 원림향유에 대한 의도가 동시적으로 나타났다. 둘째, 원림의 입지선정에 있어 공통적으로 나타나는 현상으로 도성 내에 경치가 빼어난 장소를 점유하고자 하는 성시산림의 문화가 형성되었다. 원림의 입지는 대부분 산수에 위요된 형국을 보이고 있었으며, 기록 문화를 기반으로 하는 구곡의 설정이나 장소의 명명과 함께 각자를 새기는 행위로 이어졌다. 셋째, 원림 내부에 각종 소품을 수집함으로서 이를 완상하고 품평하는 등의 수집문화가 형성되었다. 경관을 조망하거나 원림 내부에 비치된 소품을 완상하는 행위는 원림기 또는 소품문의 형식으로 기록하였으며, 주변 교유인물과의 아회를 통해 그들의 취미활동을 공유하기도 하였다. 넷째, 화훼에 대한 관심의 증대는 분재의 성행 및 이국적 풍미의 수종이 원림 내에 도입되는 등 원예취미의 발달로 나타났다. 원림 내 식물요소의 도입은 조망대상으로서 식물이 애호되었음을 알 수 있으며 이와 관련된 시설물이나 채마밭 또한 원림에 배치되었다. 다섯째, 중국의 원림문화 유입은 조선후기 원림의 공간구성에 영향을 미치게 되었다. 호중천지(壺中天地)의 원림미학은 원림을 이상적 공간으로 인식하게 되었으며, 당시 중국에서 애호되었던 경물이나 소품 등을 자신의 원림에 도입하고 그들의 향유문화를 모방하는 행위가 나타났다.

Keywords

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