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Effects of Freezing Temperature on Quality of Mulberry

냉동 온도가 오디 품질에 미치는 영향

  • Kim, Jung-Eun (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Jo, Hye-Jin (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Yu, Min-Ji (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Song, Kyung Bin (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Ha-Yun (Department of Agrofood Resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Park, Jong-Tae (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University)
  • 김정은 (충남대학교 식품공학과) ;
  • 조혜진 (충남대학교 식품공학과) ;
  • 유민지 (충남대학교 식품공학과) ;
  • 송경빈 (충남대학교 식품공학과) ;
  • 김하윤 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농식품자원부) ;
  • 박종태 (충남대학교 식품공학과)
  • Received : 2015.01.22
  • Accepted : 2015.03.12
  • Published : 2015.04.30

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the optimal freezing temperature for preserving mulberries. Mulberries were frozen at -20, -45, and $-70^{\circ}C$ immediately after harvesting. After 24 h, frozen mulberries were stored at $-20^{\circ}C$ for two months and then thawed at $4^{\circ}C$ and room temperature. Frozen and thawed mulberries did not differ significantly in color and pH from fresh mulberries. However, the content of anthocyanidin and sugar, and the hardness of mulberry significantly decreased after feeze-thawing. Drip loss of the thawed berries increased as the freezing temperature decreased. A comparison among cross-section images of mulberries frozen at different temperatures did not show any significant differences. However, after thawing at $4^{\circ}C$ or room temperature, the total number of aerobic bacteria found in mulberry decreased more than ten times. Consequently, the freezing temperature showed no significant effect on the overall quality of the mulberry.

고품질 오디 냉동과를 생산하기 위한 최적의 냉동 조건을 알아보고자 냉동 온도에 따른 오디의 품질변화를 연구하였다. 오디를 수확 직후 -20, -45, $-70^{\circ}C$에서 즉시 냉동하고 24 시간 후 $-20^{\circ}C$냉동고로 옮겨 보관하며 실험을 진행하였다. 냉동 오디를 $4^{\circ}C$에서 해동한 후 다양한 품질 특성을 분석하였다. 오디의 색도와 pH, 고형분 함량 등은 냉해동 전후에 따른 유의적 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 그러나 유리당과 anthocyanidin의 함량은 냉해동 후에 유의적으로 감소하였다. 해동 후 손실률은 냉동 온도가 감소할수록 증가하는 특이한 양상을 보였다. 과의 강도는 해동 후 모두 감소하였는데 냉동 온도와의 상관관계는 나타나지 않았다. 냉동과의 단면을 전자현미경으로 관찰한 결과, 냉동 온도별 형태 차이는 발견되지 않았다. 냉해동을 거친 후 총 호기성 세균의 숫자는 10% 감소하였으나 곰팡이와 효모의 숫자는 유의적 감소는 일어나지 않았다. 고품질 냉동 오디 생산을 위한 최적의 냉동 조건을 산업체에 제시하기 위해서는 추가적인 연구가 필요한 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

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