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Characterization of Streptomyces netropsis Showing a Nematicidal Activity against Meloidogyne incognita

Meloidogyne incognita에 살선충활성을 보이는 신규 Streptomyces netropsis의 살선충 특성 규명

  • Jang, Ja Yeong (Division of Food Technology, Biotechnology and Agrochemistry, Jeonnam National University) ;
  • Choi, Yong Ho (Eco-friendly New Materials Research Group, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology) ;
  • Joo, Yoon-Jung (Microbial Resource Center, Korea Research Institute Bioscience and Biotechnology) ;
  • Kim, Hun (Eco-friendly New Materials Research Group, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology) ;
  • Choi, Gyung Ja (Eco-friendly New Materials Research Group, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology) ;
  • Jang, Kyoung Soo (Eco-friendly New Materials Research Group, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology) ;
  • Kim, Chang-Jin (Microbial Resource Center, Korea Research Institute Bioscience and Biotechnology) ;
  • Cha, Byeongjin (Department of Plant Medicine, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Park, Hae Woong (World Institute of Kimchi, an Annex of Korea Food Research Institute) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Cheol (Division of Food Technology, Biotechnology and Agrochemistry, Jeonnam National University)
  • 장자영 (전남대학교 농식품생명화학부) ;
  • 최용호 (한국화학연구원 친환경신물질연구그룹) ;
  • 주윤정 (한국생명공학연구원 미생물자원센터) ;
  • 김헌 (한국화학연구원 친환경신물질연구그룹) ;
  • 최경자 (한국화학연구원 친환경신물질연구그룹) ;
  • 장경수 (한국화학연구원 친환경신물질연구그룹) ;
  • 김창진 (한국생명공학연구원 미생물자원센터) ;
  • 차병진 (충북대학교 식물의학과) ;
  • 박해웅 (세계김치연구소) ;
  • 김진철 (전남대학교 농식품생명화학부)
  • Received : 2015.04.30
  • Accepted : 2015.06.11
  • Published : 2015.06.30

Abstract

Control of nematode has become difficult owing to the restricted use of effective soil fumigant, methyl bromide, and other non-fumigant nematicides. Therefore, it is urgently necessary to develop microbial nematicide to replace chemical nematicides. In this study, the 50% aqueous methanol extraction solution of fermentation broths of 2,700 actinomycete strains were tested for their nematicidal activity against second stage of juveniles (J2s) of Meloidogyne incognita. As the results, only the 50% aqueous methanol extraction solution of AN110065, at 20% equivalent to 10% fermentation broth, showed strong nematicidal activity with 78.9% of mortality 24 h after treatment and 94.1% of mortality at 72 h. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the strain sequence was 99.78% identical to Streptomyces netropsis. The extract of S. netropsis AN110065 fermentation broth was successively partitioned with ethyl acetate and butanol and then the ethyl acetate, butanol and water layers were investigated for their nematicidal activity against the M. incognita. At $1000{\mu}g/ml$, ethyl acetate layer showed the strongest activity of 83.5% of juvenile mortality 72 h after treatment. The pot experiment using the fermentation broth of AN110065 on tomato plant against M. incognita displayed that it evidently suppressed gall formation at a 10-fold diluent treatment. The tomato plants treated with the fermentation broth of S. netropsis AN110065 did not show any phytotoxicity. The results suggest that S. netropsis AN110065 has a potential to serve as microbial nematicide in organic agriculture.

효과적으로 선충 방제에 사용되던 토양훈증제 methyl bromide와 비훈중제 농약이 환경오염 문제로 인해 사용이 금지됨에 따라 선충의 방제는 어려워지고 있다. 따라서 이를 대체할 수 있는 생물 기반의 살선충제의 개발이 시급히 요구된다. 본 연구는 화학적 농약의 대안으로서 방선균을 이용한 살선충제 개발을 목적으로 2,700개의 토양방선균 배양액의 50% 메탄올 추출액의 뿌리혹선충에 대한 살선충 활성을 스크리닝하였다. AN110065 균주는 배양액 10%에 해당하는 50% 메탄올 추출액 20% 처리 1일 후 78.9%의 치사 활성을 보였으며, 처리 3일 후 94.1%의 살선충 활성을 보였다. 선발 균주의 분자생물학적 동정을 위해 16S rRNA sequencing 분석을 수행한 결과 S. netropsis와 99.78%의 상동성을 보였다. S. netropsis AN110065 배양액을 에틸 아세테이트, 부탄올을 이용하여 용매 분획하여 에틸 아세테이트와 부탄올, 물 추출물에 대한 살선충 활성을 조사한 결과 에틸 아세테이트 추출물의 $1000{\mu}g/ml$농도에서 83.5%로서 가장 우수한 살선충 활성을 보였다. AN110065 배양액의 토마토작물에 대한 뿌리혹선충병 방제 활성을 조사한 결과 10배 희석액 처리구에서 눈에 띄게 뿌리혹형성을 저해하였다. 이와 같은 결과로 AN110065 균주는 유기농업에서 사용할 수 있는 미생물 제제로서의 가능성이 있음을 나타내었다.

Keywords

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