Advances in Energy Research

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Sustainable energy action plans of medium-sized municipalities in north Greece

  • Lymperopoulos, Konstantinos A. (Department of Production Engineering and Management, Democritus University of Thrace, School of Engineering) ;
  • Botsaris, Pantelis N. (Department of Production Engineering and Management, Democritus University of Thrace, School of Engineering) ;
  • Angelakoglou, Komninos (Department of Production Engineering and Management, Democritus University of Thrace, School of Engineering) ;
  • Gaidajis, Georgios (Department of Production Engineering and Management, Democritus University of Thrace, School of Engineering)
  • Received : 2014.11.16
  • Accepted : 2015.02.25
  • Published : 2015.05.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The covenant of Mayors initiative includes the commitment of the municipalities-signatories to reduce voluntarily the greenhouse gas emissions over 20--- by 2020 within their boundaries and obligates them to develop and submit an energy consumption analysis and a sustainable energy action plan within a year from the adhesion. The present paper discusses the energy profile of three medium-sized north-eastern Greek Municipalities (Kavala-MoK, Alexandroupolis-MoA, Drama-MoD) through the analysis of their municipal energy balance. The results of the total final energy consumption per capita include 14.10MWh/capita, 14.24MWh/capita and 12.91MWh/capita for MoK, MoA and MoD respectively. The analysis highlighted the increased energy consumption of the private sectors, namely residential and tertiary building sand private transport. The assessment of the municipalities' energy profiles along with examination of national regulations and action plans and investigation of best available practices within the Covenant of Mayors shaped the development of the sustainable energy action plans of the examined municipalities that is presented in this paper. The proposed pathway towards low-carbon municipalities can be considered a representative case study and a starting point for other municipalities with similar characteristics.

Keywords

References

  1. Athina, G.G., Constantinos, B.A., Sevastianos, M., Elena, G., Yiannis, S. and Dimitris, L.P. (2007), "Empirical assessment of the Hellenic non-residential building stock, energy consumption, emissions and potential energy savings", Build. Environ., 48, 1160-1175.
  2. Brandoni, C., Arteconi, A., Ciriachi, G. and Polonara, F. (2011), "Evaluation of municipal energy planning contribution for the fulfilment of regional energy planning strategies", Proccedings of the 6th Dubrovnik Conference on Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems, SDEWES, Dubrovnik, No. 0957.
  3. Brandoni, C. and Polanar, F. (2012), "The role of municipal energy planning in the regional energy-planning process", Energy, 48, 323-338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2012.06.061
  4. Chwieduk, D. (2003), "Towards sustainable-energy buildings", Appl. Energy, 76, 211-217. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-2619(03)00059-X
  5. CoM. Covenant of Mayors (2014b), URL: http://www.covenantofmayors.eu/actions/sustainable-energy-action-plans_en.html?city=Search+for+a+Sustainable+Energy+Action+Plan...&country_seap=&co2=& date_of_approval=&accepted=1.
  6. Comodi, G., Cioccolanti, L. and Gargiulo, M. (2011), "Municipal scale scenario: analysis of an Italian seaside town with MarkAL-Times", Energy Policy, 41, 303-315.
  7. Constantinos, B.A., Athina, G.G., Elena, G., Sevastianos, M., Yiannis, S. and Dimitris, L.P. (2007). "European residential buildings and empirical assessment of the Hellenic building stock, energy consumption, emissions and potential energy savings", Build. Environ., 42, 1298-1314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.11.001
  8. Covenant of Mayors (2014a), Covenant of Mayors "Committed to local sustainable energy", URL: http://www.eumayors.eu/index _en.html.
  9. Droutsa, K.G., Kontoyiannidis, S., Dascalaki, E.G. and Balaras, C.A. (2014), "Ranking cost effective energy conservation measures for heating in Hellenic residential buildings", Energy Build., 70, 318-332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.11.029
  10. Economou, A. (2010), "Renewable energy resources and sustainable development in Mykonos (Greece)", Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., 14, 1496-1501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2009.11.008
  11. El. Stat. (2000), Census of buildings and built properties of 1st December 2000, Hellenic Statistic Authority.
  12. El. Stat. (2001a), Type of building licenses by Region, County, Municipality or Commune, Period 01/2001 - 12/2001, Hellenic Statistic Authority.
  13. El. Stat. (2001b), Population census of 2001, Actual populations by County, Municipality or Commune, Municipal of Commune District and Urbanity, Hellenic Statistic Authority.
  14. El. Stat. (2002a), Type of building licenses by Region, County, Municipality or Commune, Period 01/2002 - 12/2002, Hellenic Statistic Authority.
  15. El. Stat. (2002b), New built properties, extensions of built properties, number of dwellings by Region, County, Municipality or Commune, Period 01/2002 - 12/2002, Hellenic Statistic Authority.
  16. El. Stat. (2003a), Type of building licenses by Region, County, Municipality or Commune, Period 01/2003 - 12/2003, Hellenic Statistic Authority.
  17. El. Stat. (2003b), New built properties, extensions of built properties, number of dwellings by Region, County, Municipality or Commune, Period 01/2003 - 12/2003, Hellenic Statistic Authority.
  18. El. Stat. (2004a), Type of building licenses by Region, County, Municipality or Commune, Period 01/2004 - 12/2004, Hellenic Statistic Authority.
  19. El. Stat. (2004b), New built properties, extensions of built properties, number of dwellings by Region, County, Municipality or Commune, Period 01/2004 - 12/2004, Hellenic Statistic Authority.
  20. El. Stat. (2005a), Type of building licenses by Region, County, Municipality or Commune, Period 01/2005 - 12/2005, Hellenic Statistic Authority.
  21. El. Stat. (2005b), New built properties, extensions of built properties, number of dwellings by Region, County, Municipality or Commune, Period 01/2005 - 12/2005, Hellenic Statistic Authority.
  22. El. Stat. (2006a), Type of building licenses by Region, County, Municipality or Commune, Period 01/2006 - 12/2006, Hellenic Statistic Authority.
  23. El. Stat. (2006b), New built properties, extensions of built properties, number of dwellings by Region, County, Municipality or Commune, Period 01/2006 - 12/2006, Hellenic Statistic Authority.
  24. El. Stat. (2007a), Type of building licenses by Region, County, Municipality or Commune, Period 01/2007 - 12/2007, Hellenic Statistic Authority.
  25. El. Stat. (2007b), New built properties, extensions of built properties, number of dwellings by Region, County, Municipality or Commune, Period 01/2007 - 12/2007, Hellenic Statistic Authority.
  26. El. Stat. (2008a), Type of building licenses by Region, County, Municipality or Commune, Period 01/2008 - 12/2008, Hellenic Statistic Authority.
  27. El. Stat. (2008b), New built properties, extensions of built properties, number of dwellings by Region, County, Municipality or Commune, Period 01/2008 - 12/2008, Hellenic Statistic Authority.
  28. El. Stat. (2009a), Type of building licenses by Region, County, Municipality or Commune, Period 01/2009 - 12/2002, Hellenic Statistic Authority.
  29. El. Stat. (2009b), New built properties, extensions of built properties, number of dwellings by Region, County, Municipality or Commune, Period 01/2009 - 12/2009, Hellenic Statistic Authority.
  30. El. Stat. (2010a), Type of building licenses by Region, County, Municipality or Commune, Period 01/2010 - 12/2010, Hellenic Statistic Authority.
  31. El. Stat. (2010b), New built properties, extensions of built properties, number of dwellings by Region, County, Municipality or Commune, Period 01/2010 - 12/2010, Hellenic Statistic Authority.
  32. El. Stat. (2011a), Type of building licenses by Region, County, Municipality or Commune, Period 01/2011 - 12/2011, Hellenic Statistic Authority.
  33. El. Stat. (2011b), New built properties, extensions of built properties, number of dwellings by Region, County, Municipality or Commune, Period 01/2011 - 12/2011, Hellenic Statistic Authority.
  34. El. Stat. (2012a), Type of building licenses by Region, County, Municipality or Commune, Period 01/2012 - 12/2012, Hellenic Statistic Authority.
  35. El. Stat. (2012b), New built properties, extensions of built properties, number of dwellings by Region, County, Municipality or Commune, Period 01/2012 - 12/2012, Hellenic Statistic Authority.
  36. El. Stat. (2013), Energy consumption census of Greek households, 2011-2012, Hellenic Statistical Authority.
  37. European Commission (2010), How to develop a Sustainable Energy Action Plan (SEAP), Guidebook. Publication Office of European Union, Luxemburg.
  38. Eurostat. (2014b), Final Energy Consumption. URL: http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/table.do?tab=table&init=1&language=en&pcode=ten00095&plugin=1.
  39. Eurostat. (2014a), URL: http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/statistics_explained/index.php/Urban-rural_typology_update.
  40. Fiaschi, D., Bandinelli, R. and Conti, S. (2012), "A case study for energy issues of public buildings and utilities in a small municipality: Investigation of possible improvements and integration with renewables", Appl. Energy, 97, 101-114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.03.008
  41. Hou, J., Zhang, P., Tian, Y., Yuan, X. and Yang, Y. (2011), "Developing low-carbon economy: actions, challenges and solutions for energy savings in China", Renew. Energy, 36, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2010.04.039
  42. ICLEI (2012), URL: http://www.iclei-europe.org/home/.
  43. IEA (2008), Promoting Energy Efficiency Best Practice in Cities, International Energy Agency, OECD/IEA Paris.
  44. Joint Research Centre (2010), How to develop a sustainable energy action plan, Guidebook, Publications Office of European Union, Luxemburg.
  45. Joint Research Centre (2013), Joint Research Centre, EDGAR- Emission database for Global Atmospheric Research, URL: http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/overview.php?v=CO2.
  46. MangEnergy (2014), URL: http://www.managenergy.net/.
  47. MoA Sustainable Energy Action Plan (2014), Sustainable Energy Action Plan of the municipality of Alexandroupolis, submitted to the Covenant of Mayors, URL: http://www.eumayors.eu/about/signatories_en.html?city_id=3690&seap.
  48. MoA, Municipality of Alexandroupolis (2014), URL: www.alexpolis.gr.
  49. MoD Sustainable Energy Action Plan (2014), Sustainable Action Plan of the municipality of Drama, submitted to the Covenant of Mayors, URL: http://www.eumayors.eu/about/signatories_en.html?city_id=4395&seap.
  50. MoK Sustainable Energy Action Plan (2014), Sustainable Energy Action Plan of the municipality of Kavala, submitted to the Covenant of Mayors, URL: http://www.eumayors.eu/about/signatories_en.html?city_id=2557&seap.
  51. Morlet, C. and Keirstead, J. (2013), "A comparative analysis of urban energy governance in four European cities", Energy policy, 61, 852-863. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2013.06.085
  52. Oliver-Sola, J., Armero, M., Martinez de Foix, B. and Rieradevall, J. (2013), "Energy and environmental evaluation of municipal facilities: Case study in the province of Barcelona", Energy Policy, 61, 920-930. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2013.06.053
  53. Radulovic, D., Skok, S. and Kirincic, V. (2011), "Energy efficiency public lighting management in the cities", Energy, 36, 1908-1915. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2010.10.016
  54. Rogero Pitt Damian (2010), "Harnesing community energy: the keys to climate mitigation policy adoption in US municipalities", Local Environ.: Int. J. Just. Sustain., 15, 717-729.
  55. Roosa, S.A. (2004), "Planning for sustainable urban development using alternative energy solutions", Strat. Plan. Energy Environ., 24, 37-56. https://doi.org/10.1080/10485230409509666
  56. Sabadell (2014), URL: www.sabadell.cat/energia/vehicle_electric_cat.asp.
  57. Santamouris Mathew et al. (2013), "Financial crisis and energy consumption: a household survey in Greece", Energy Build., 65, 477-487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.06.024
  58. SEAP (2014), Sustainable Energy Action Plans, URL: http://www.eumayors.eu/actions/sustainable-energy-action-plans_en.html?city=Search+for+a+Sustainable+Energy+Action+Plan...&country_seap=gr&co2=& date_of_approval=&accepted=.
  59. Smart Cities (2014), URL: http://eu-smartcities.eu/.
  60. Sperling, K., Hvelplund, F. and Vad Mathiesen, B. (2011), "Centralisation and decentralisation in strategic municipal energy planning in Denmark", Energy Policy, 39, 1338-1351 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2010.12.006
  61. Laura, T. (2013), "Community energy plans in Canadian cities: success and barriers in implementation" Local Environ.: Int. J. Just. Sustain., 18, 20-35.
  62. Vidmar, K. (2012), "Implementing Behavioral Energy Change (BEC)", Strat. Plan. Energy Environ., 32, 42-60. https://doi.org/10.1080/10485236.2012.10531827
  63. YPEKA, Ministry of Environment, Energy and Climate Change (2013), Report pursuant to article 7(9) of Directive 2012/27/EU, of the European Parliament and of the Council, on Energy Efficiency, amendment of Directives 2009/125/EC and 2010/30/EC and repealing Directives 2004/8/EC and 2006/32/EC.
  64. YPEKA. Ministry of Environment, Energy and Climate Change (2011), 2nd National Energy Efficiency Action Plan 2008-2016. Athens.
  65. YPEKA. Ministry of Environment, Energy and Climatic Change. (2014). URL: http://exoikonomisi.ypeka.gr/Default.aspx.

Cited by

  1. The optimum conversion efficiency in nile blue arabinose system by photogalvanic cell vol.3, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.12989/eri.2015.3.3.143