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A Study on the Improvement of Survival Rate of the Passengers and Crews according to FDS Analysis

FDS 분석을 통한 승객 및 선원 생존율 향상에 대한 연구

  • Kim, Won Ouk (Korea Institute of Maritime and Fisheries Technology) ;
  • Kim, Jong Su (Division of Marine System Engineering, Korea Maritime University) ;
  • Park, Woe Chul (Department of fire protection engineering, Pukyoung National University)
  • Received : 2015.01.05
  • Accepted : 2015.02.25
  • Published : 2015.03.31

Abstract

Seafarers can confront to evacuate from the ship with many reasons such as collision, grounding and fire accident. It believes that evacuation time from ship is very important element in order to increase survival rate in the contingency circumstance, however narrow and complex structure of ship is one of obstacle element against prompt evacuation. Taking into consideration the unique structure of ship compared to the structure of other facilities, speed of fire propagation on board ship is faster than the same size of other type facilities. Therefore, measures to prompt evacuation are required. But it comes with the behavioral constraints of the crews and passengers of the nature of operating in a complex structure with narrow vessels. Therefore, in this study, we propose a formula to be analyzed by theoretical approach and simulation methods to improve the survival rate for the crew and passenger of the ship through the ship's structural modification. We analyzed the temperature rise and visibility which are the most influential effects on the life safety in the event of fire by using a three-dimensional analysis of sight-only program Fire Dynamic Simulator (FDS) as analytical tools.

선박은 충돌, 좌초 및 화재 등의 여러 가지 원인으로 승객 및 선원들이 긴급 피난을 해야 하는 경우가 많이 발생한다. 일반적으로 모든 피난에서 생존율을 높이기 위해서는 피난 시간의 단축이 아주 중요한 요소이나 선박의 복잡하고 좁은 구조적 특성은 신속한 피난에 장애 요소가 되고 있다. 특히, 선박은 그 구조상 동일한 규모의 화재 발생 시 타 화재에 비해 확산속도가 빨라 신속한 피난이 필요하다. 또한, 선박은 해상에서 운항하는 특성으로 좋지 않은 해상 상태에서는 승객 및 선원이 행동적 제약이 발생한다. 이 연구에서는 인명 안전 차원에서 선박 구조 변경이 승객 및 선원의 생존율 향상에 미치는 영향에 대해 이론적 접근 및 수치 시뮬레이션을 통해 분석하고자 한다. 분석 도구로는 3차원 화재분석 전용 프로그램인 FDS(Fire Dynamic Simulator)를 이용하였으며 화재 시 인명 안전에 영향을 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 온도 상승 및 가시거리 감소를 분석하였다. 그 결과 선박의 복도 폭 및 천장의 높이만 개선하여도 인명 안전에 상당한 도움이 되는 것으로 분석되었다.

Keywords

References

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