DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Demand for Elderly Food Development: Relation to Oral and Overall Health -Focused on the Elderly Who Are Using Senior Welfare Centers in Seoul-

구강 및 전신 건강 기반 고령자용 식품 개발을 위한 요구도 조사 -서울 일부 지역 복지관 이용 노인을 대상으로-

  • Lee, Geum-Yong (Department of Family Welfare Sangmyung, Sangmyung University) ;
  • Han, Jung-Ah (Department of Foodservice Management and Nutrition, Sangmyung University)
  • 이금룡 (상명대학교 가족복지학과) ;
  • 한정아 (상명대학교 외식영양학과)
  • Received : 2014.11.06
  • Accepted : 2015.01.08
  • Published : 2015.03.31

Abstract

Oral health is a critical factor for diagnosing overall health, as poor oral health has a negative impact on food intake and results in deterioration of nutritional status. The purpose of this study was to research the needs for food developments for the elderly based on their oral and overall health status. Oral status was significantly associated with self-reported health status, and dry mouth (lack of saliva) especially showed a significant relationship with negative self-perception of both oral and overall health. For both elderly men and women, fish and leafy vegetables were the most preferred side dishes. Bread, rice cake, and beverage-type foods were also preferred for snack development. Disease status of the elderly was significantly related with their preference for food development. For instance, those with diabetes were more likely to ask for anti-diabetic diets. The most important factor for the elderly in choosing food was nutritional balance, and less than 3,000 won was cited as an affordable price. The results could be utilized as basic data to develop foods for the elderly.

본 연구는 노인식 개발에 앞서 노인들의 구강 및 전신 건강 상태에 기반을 둔 노인식 개발 요구도를 조사하고 그 상관관계를 통해 노인들에게 필요한 제품 개발을 위한 기본 자료를 제시하고자 수행하였다. 설문 분석 결과 본인의 전신건강에 관한 평가로는 보통이다(35.2%), 건강하다(30.7%), 건강하지 않다(19.9%), 매우 건강하지 않다(8.5%), 매우 건강하다(5.7%) 순으로 응답하였으며, 구강건강에 관해서는 보통이다(31%), 건강하지 않다(28.2%), 대체로 건강하다(17.8%), 매우 건강하지 않다(17.8%), 매우 건강하다(5.2%)의 순으로 대답하여 구강건강과 전신건강 간에 유의적 상관관계(P<0.01)를 보였다. 노인들이 좋아하는 맛은 담백한 맛(51.5%), 짭짤한 맛(25.7%), 달콤한 맛(12.0%), 새콤한 맛(6.6%)의 순으로 조사되었으며, 죽이나 국 종류 개발 시 원하는 국물 맛으로는 남성은 멸치 국물과 된장 국물, 여성은 멸치 국물, 된장 국물, 소고기 국물의 순으로 응답하였다. 반찬류로 남성은 생선류, 고기류, 나물류의 순으로, 여성은 나물류, 생선류, 김치류의 순으로 요구하였다. 남녀 고령자 모두가 개발을 원하는 간식 품목은 빵 떡류와 음료류였으며 대체로 자신의 저작능력을 고려하여 식품을 선택하는 것으로 조사되었다. 노인들은 본인들의 질병상태와 관련하여 증상 완화 및 회복을 위한 질병맞춤형 식이의 개발을 원하는 것으로 조사되었으며, 식품 구입 시 가장 중요하게 고려하는 요인은 영양균형이었고 고령자용 식품의 적정구입가는 3,000원 미만으로 생각하고 있었다. 본 연구 결과를 바탕으로 고령자용 식품을 개발할 때 고령자들의 저작능력을 고려하여 물성을 다양화한 생선류와 나물류의 개발이 필요하며, 또한 고혈압과 당뇨를 앓고 있는 고령자의 비율이 높은 것을 고려하여 물성이 조절된 저염 및 항당뇨식의 개발도 함께 이루어져야 할 것이다.

Keywords

References

  1. de Luis D, Lopez Guzman A. 2006. Nutritional status of adult patients admitted to internal medicine departments in public hospitals in Castilla y Leon, Spain - A multi-center study. Eur J Intern Med 17: 556-560. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2006.02.030
  2. Fanelli MT, Woteki CE. 1989. Nutrient intakes and health status of older Americans. Data from the NHANES II. Ann N Y Acad Sci 561: 94-103. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1989.tb20973.x
  3. Hong SM, Choi SY. 1996. A study on meal management and nutrient intake of the elderly. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 25: 1055-1061.
  4. Joung SH. 2000. An analysis of food consumption behavior of the elderly according to their lifestyles. J Welfare for the Aged Institute 10: 115-140.
  5. Walls AW, Steele JG. 2004. The relationship between oral health and nutrition in older people. Mech Ageing Dev 125: 853-857. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mad.2004.07.011
  6. Lee HK, Lee YK. 1999. The relationship between chewing ability and health status in the long-lived elderly of Kyungpook area. Yeungnam Univ J Med 16: 200-207. https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1999.16.2.200
  7. Choi HS, Moon HK, Kim H, Choi JS. 2010. Evaluation of the health status and dietary intakes of the elderly in rural areas by dental status. J Korean Diet Assoc 16: 22-38.
  8. Park JE, An HJ, Jung SU, Lee Y, Kim C, Jang YA. 2013. Characteristics of the dietary intake of Korean elderly by chewing ability using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2010. J Nutr Health 46: 285-295. https://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2013.46.3.285
  9. Kim CS, Bae SM, Sin BM. 2011. Nutritional status of Korean elderly by oral health level - based on 2009 national health and nutrition survey data. J Kor Soc Dent Hyg 11: 833-841.
  10. Lee MA. 2011. Relative effects of health and family factors on geriatric depression. Korean J Community Living Sci 22: 623-635. https://doi.org/10.7856/kjcls.2011.22.4.623
  11. Park JY, Kim JN, Hong WS, Shin WS. 2012. Survey on present use and future demand for the convenience food in the elderly group. Korean J Community Nutr 17: 81-90. https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2012.17.1.81
  12. Korea Health Industry Development Institute. 2012. Nutrition management service industry in Japan. Seoul, Korea.
  13. Korean Statistical Information Service. 2013. Population and the aging index trend by age. http://kosis.kr/statHtml/statHtml.do?orgId=113&tblId=DT_113_STBL_1015457&vw_cd=MT_ZTITLE&list_id=113_11314_02&seqNo=&lang_mode=ko&language=kor&obj_var_id=&itm_id=&conn_path=E1 (accessed Dec 2013).
  14. Kim HA. 2012. A study of elderly consumers' consumption and necessity of senior friendly food. MS Thesis. Sangmyung University, Seoul, Korea.
  15. Park SJ, Lee HJ, Kim WS, Lim JY, Choi H. 2006. Food preference test of the Korean elderly menu development. Korean J Community Nutr 11: 98-107.
  16. Lee MS. 2013. Association between preferences of salty food and acuity and preferences of taste of the elderly people living in rural area. Korean J Community Nutr 18: 223-232. https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2013.18.3.223
  17. Kim YK, Lee HO, Chang R, Choue R. 2002. A study on the food habits, nutrient intake and the disease distribution in the elderly (aged over 65 years). Korean J Community Nutr 7: 516-526.
  18. Choi JH, Kim MH, Cho MS, Lee HS, Kim WY. 2002. The nutritional status and dietary pattern by BMI in Korean elderly. Kor J Nutr 35: 480-488.
  19. Lee SS. 1998. Living status of the elderly according to their life-styles. PhD Dissertation. Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea. p 52-61.
  20. Kwak TK, Kim HA, Paik JK, Jeon MS, Shin WS, Park KH, Park DS, Hong WS. 2013. A study of consumer demands for menu development of senior-friendly food products - Focusing on seniors in Seoul and Kyeonggi area. Korean J Food Cookery Sci 29: 257-265. https://doi.org/10.9724/kfcs.2013.29.3.257
  21. Lee JW, Shin SH, Rhyu MR, Kim JY, Ye MK. 2013. The effect of aging on taste thresholds in Korean. Korean J Otorhinolaryngol-Head Neck Surg 56: 286-290. https://doi.org/10.3342/kjorl-hns.2013.56.5.286
  22. Wayler AH, Muench ME, Kapur KK, Chauncey HH. 1984. Masticatory performance and food acceptability in persons with removable partial dentures, full dentures and intact natural dentition. J Gerontol 34: 98-104.
  23. Mumma Jr RD, Quinton K. 1970. Effect of masticatory efficiency on the occurrence of gastric distress. J Dent Res 49: 69-74. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345700490013201
  24. Farrell JH. 1956. The effect of mastication on the digestion of food. Br Dent J 100: 149-155.
  25. Ministry of Health and Welfare. 2006. National Oral Health Survey Report 2006. Seoul, Korea.
  26. Kim MJ, Lee HK. 2007. Relationship of dental health assessment to the number of existing permanent tooth in senior citizens visited a dental hospital or clinic from some regions. J Dent Hyg Sci 7: 161-166.
  27. Cassolato SF, Turnbull RS. 2003. Xerostomia: clinical aspects and treatment. Gerodontology 20: 64-77. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-2358.2003.00064.x
  28. Fox PC, van der Ven PF, Sonies BC, Weiffenbach JM, Baum BJ. 1985. Xerostomia: evaluation of a symptom with increasing significance. J Am Dent Assoc 110: 519-525. https://doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.1985.0384
  29. Oh JK, Kim YJ, Kho HS. 2001. A study on the clinical characteristics of patients with dry mouth. Korean J Oral Med 26: 331-343.
  30. Ikebe K, Matsuda K, Morii K, Wada M, Hazeyama T, Nokubi T, Ettinger RL. 2007. Impact of dry mouth and hyposalivation on oral health-related quality of life of elderly Japanese. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1: 216-222.
  31. Ship JA. 2002. Diagnosing, managing, and preventing salivary gland disorders. Oral Dis 8: 77-89. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1601-0825.2002.2o837.x
  32. Won YS, Jin KN. 2003. The relationship of oral state and health condition among elderly people. J Korean Acad Dental Hygiene Education 3: 157-168.
  33. Iwasaki M, Taylor GW, Manz MC, Yoshihara A, Sato M, Muramatsu K, Watanabe R, Miyazaki H. 2014. Oral health status: relationship to nutrient and food intake among 80-year-old Japanese adults. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 42: 441-450. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdoe.12100
  34. Sheiham A, Steele JG, Marcenes W, Lowe C, Finch S, Bates CJ, Prentice A, Walls AW. 2001. The relationship among dental status, nutrient intake, and nutritional status in older people. J Dent Res 80: 408-413. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345010800020201
  35. Yoshihara A, Watanabe R, Nishimuta M, Hanada N, Miyazaki H. 2005. The relationship between dietary intake and the number of teeth in elderly Japanese subjects. Gerodontology 22: 211-218. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-2358.2005.00083.x

Cited by

  1. Study on Demand Elderly Foods and Food Preferences among Elderly People at Senior Welfare Centers in Seoul vol.26, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.17495/easdl.2016.2.26.1.1
  2. Analysis of Food Preference, Recognition and Experience of Elderly Foods among Elderly People vol.29, pp.6, 2016, https://doi.org/10.9799/ksfan.2016.29.6.971
  3. Preferences of Commercial Elderly-Friendly Foods among Elderly People at Senior Welfare Centers in Seoul vol.27, pp.2, 2017, https://doi.org/10.17495/easdl.2017.4.27.2.124
  4. 고령친화형 식품개발을 위한 국내외 관련 연구현황 vol.48, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.23093/fsi.2015.48.3.13
  5. 자연재료를 이용한 증점소재 개발 및 특성연구 vol.49, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.9721/kjfst.2017.49.3.229
  6. 야생당근(Daucus carota L.) 주스를 첨가한 개호식품(젤리) 제조 및 품질 특성 vol.23, pp.4, 2017, https://doi.org/10.14373/jkda.2017.23.4.337
  7. Quality Characteristics of Yanggaeng Prepared with Traditional Korean Combined Beverage vol.29, pp.1, 2015, https://doi.org/10.17495/easdl.2019.2.29.1.67
  8. 중국 고령소비자의 HMR 제품의 구매행태 및 IPA 분석 vol.35, pp.5, 2015, https://doi.org/10.7318/kjfc/2020.35.5.426