References
- Aquilina, A., N.J Knab, K. Knittel, G. Kaur, A. Geissler, S.R. Kelly, H. Fossing, C.S. Boot, R.J. Parkes, R.A. Mills, A. Boetius, J.R. Lloyd, and R.D. Pancost, 2010. Biomarker indicators for anaerobic oxidizers of methane in brackish-marine sediments with diffusive methane fluxes. Org. Geochem., 41: 414-426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2009.09.009
-
Bertram, S., M. Blumenberg, W. Michaelis, M. Siegert, M. Kruger, and R. Seiferf, 2013. Methanogenic capabilities of ANME-archaea deduced from
$^{13}C$ -labelling approaches. Environ. Microbiol., 15: 2384-2393. https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.12112 - Biddle, J.F., Z. Cardman, H. Mendlobitz, D.B. Albert, K.G. Lloyd, A. Boetius, and A. Teske, 2012. Anaerobic oxidation of methane at different temperature regimes in Guaymas Basin hydrothermal sediments. The ISME J., 6: 1018-1031. https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2011.164
- Boetius, K.A., K. Ravenschlag, C.J. Schubert, D. Rickert, F. Widdel, A. Gieseke, R. Amann, B.B. Jorgensen, U. Witte, and O. Pfannkuche, 2000. A marine microbial consortium apparently mediating anaerobic oxidation of methane. Nature, 407: 623-626. https://doi.org/10.1038/35036572
- Briggs, B.R., J. W. Pohlman, M. Torees, M. Riedel, E. L. Brodie, and F. S. Colwell, 2011. Macroscopic biofilms in fracture-dominated sediment that anaerobically oxidize methane. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 77: 6780-6787. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00288-11
- Cicerone, R.J. and R.S. Oremland, 1988. Biogeochemical aspects of atmospheric methane. Global Biochem. Cy., 2: 299-327. https://doi.org/10.1029/GB002i004p00299
- Dickens, G.R., 2003. Rethinking the global carbon cycle with a large, dynamic and microbially mediated gas hydrate capacitor. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 213: 169-183. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00325-X
- Deines, P., 1980. The isotope composition of reduced organic carbon. In Fritz P., Fontes J.C. (eds). Handbook of Isotope Geochemistry. The Terrestrial Environment, vol. 1.A. Elsevier, Amsterdam. pp. 329-406.
- Dridi. B., M.L. Fardeau, B. Olivier, D. Raoult, and M. Drancourt, 2011. The antimicrobial resistance pattern of cultured human methanogens reflects the unique phylogenetic position of archaea. J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 66: 2038-2044. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkr251
- Fossing, H. and B.B. Jorgensen, 1989. Measurement of bacterial sulfate reduction in sediments: evaluation of a single-step chromium reduction method. Biogeochem., 8: 205-222.
- Gardner, J.M., A.N. Shor, and W.Y. Jung, 1998. Acoustic imagery evidence for methnae hydrates in the Ulleung Basin. Marine Geophyisical Research, 20: 495−503. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004716700055
- Harrison, B.K., H. Zhang, W. Berelson, and V.J. Orphan, 2009. Variations in archaeal and bacteria diverisity associated with the sulfatemethane transition zone in continental margin sediments (Santa Barbara Basin, California). Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 175: 1487-1499.
- Hoehler, T.M., M.J. Alperin, D.B. Albert, and C.S. Martens, 1994. Field and laboratory studies of methane oxidation in an anoxic marine sediment: evidence for a methanogen-sulfate reducer consortium. Global Biogeochem. Cy., 8(4): 451-463. https://doi.org/10.1029/94GB01800
- Hoehler, T.M., and M.J. Alperin, 1996. Anaerobic methane oxidation by a methanogen-sulfate reducer consortium: geochemical evidence and biochemical considerations. In Microbial growth on C1 compounds. Lidstrom, M.E., Tabita, F.R. (eds) Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp 326-333.
- Hong, W.-L., M.E. Torres, J.-H. Kim, J. Choi, and J.-J. Bahk, 2014. Towards quantifying the reaction network around the sulfatemethane- transition-zone in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea, with a kinetic modeling approach. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 140: 127-141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.05.032
- Horozal, S., G. Lee, B. Yi, D. Yoo, K. Park, H. Lee, W. Kim, H. Kim, and K. Lee, 2009. Seismic indicators of gas hydrate and associated gas in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea (Japan Sea) and implication of heat flows derived from depths of the bottom-simulating reflector. Marine Geology, 258: 126-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2008.12.004
- Hyun, J.-H., J.-S. Mok, O.R. You, D. Kim, and D.-L. Choi, 2010. Variations and controls of sulfate reduction in the continental slope and rise of the Ulleung Basin off the southeast Korean upwelling system in the East Sea. Giomicrobiol. J., 27: 212-222. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490450903456731
- Inagaki, F., T. Nunoura, S. Nakagawa, A. Teske, M. Lever, A. Lauer, M. Suzuki, K. Takai, M. Delwiche, F.S. Colwell, K.H. Nealson, K. Horikoshi, S. D'Hondt, and B.B. Jorgensen, 2006. Biogeographical distribution and diversity of microbes in methane hydratebearing deep marine sediments on the Pacific Ocean Margin. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 103: 2815-2820. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0511033103
- Jorgensen, B.B., 1978. A comparison of methods for quantification of bacterial sulfate reduction in coastal marine sediments. I. Measurement with radiotracer techniques. Geomicrobiol. J., 1: 11-27. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490457809377721
- KIGAM, 2011. Studies on Gas Hydrate Geology and Geochemistry. KIGAM Research Report (p.951). Daejeon.
- Knittel, K., T. Lösekann, A. Boetius, R. Kort, R. Amann, 2005. Diversity and distribution of methanotrophic archaea at cold seeps. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71: 467−479. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.71.1.467-479.2005
- Kvenvolden, K.A., 1988a. Methane hydrate: a major reservoir of carbon in the shallow geosphere? Chem. Geol., 71: 41-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(88)90104-0
- Kvenvolden, K.A., 1988b. Methane hydrates and global climate. Global Biogeochem. Cy., 2: 221-229. https://doi.org/10.1029/GB002i003p00221
- Kvenvolden, K.A., 1999. Potential effects of gas hydrate on human welfare. Proc.Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 96: 3420-3426. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.7.3420
- Kondo, R., D.B. Nedwell, K.J. Purdy, and S.Q. Silva, 2004. Detection and enumeration of sulphate-reducing bacteria in estuarine sediments by competitive PCR. Geomicrobiol. J., 21: 145-157. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490450490275307
- Lazar, C.S., J. Dinasquet, S. L'Haridon, P. Pignet, and L. Toffin, 2011. Distribution of anaerobic methane-oxidizing and sulfate-reducing communities in the G11 Nyegga pockmark, Norwegian Sea. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 100: 639-653. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-011-9620-z
- Lee, J.-W., K. K. Kwon, A. Azizi, H.-M. Oh, W. Kim, J.-J. Bahk, D.- H. Lee, and J.-H. Lee, 2013a. Microbial community structures of methane hydrate-bearing sediments in the Ulleung Basin, East of Korea. Mar. Petrol. Geol., 47: 136−146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2013.06.002
- Lee, D.-H., J.-H. Kim, J.-J. Bahk, H.Y. Cho, J.-H. Hyun, and K.-H. Shin, 2013b. Geochemical signature related to lipid biomarkers of ANMEs in gas hydrate-bearing sediments in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea (Korea). Mar. Petrol. Geol., 47: 125-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2013.06.003
- Leloup, J., L. Quillet, T. Berthe and F. Petit, 2006. Diversity of the dsrAB (dissimilatory sulfite reductase) gene sequences retrieved from two contrasting mudflats of the Seine estuary, France. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 55: 230-238. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2005.00021.x
- Leloup, J., A. Loy, N. J. Knab, C. Borowski, M. Wagner and B. B. Jorgensen, 2007. Diversity and abundance of sulfate-reducing microorganisms in the sulfate and methane zones of a marine sediment, Black Sea. Environ. Microbiol., 9: 131-142. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2006.01122.x
- Lim, D., J. Choi, Z. Xu, M. Kim, and D. Choi, 2009. Methane-derived authigenic carbonates from the Ulleung basin sediments, East Sea of Korea, Cont. Shelf. Res., 29: 1588-1596. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2009.04.013
- Lloyd, K.G., L. Lapham, and A. Teske, 2006. An anaerobic methaneoxidizing community of ANME-1b archaea in hypersaline Gulf of Mexico sediments. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 72: 7218-7230. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00886-06
- Lloyd, K.G., M.J. Alperin, and A. Teske, 2011. Environmental evidence for net methane production and oxidation in putative Anaerobic MEthanotrophioc (ANME) archaea. Environ. Microbiol., 13: 2548-2564. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02526.x
- Losekann, T., K. Knitte, T. Nadalig, B. Fuchs, H. Niemann, A. Boetius, and R. Amann, 2007. Diversity and abundance o aerobic and anaerobic methane oxidizers at the Haakon mosby mud volcano, Barents sea. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 73: 3348-3362. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00016-07
- Nadkarni, M.A., F.E. Martin, N.A. Kacques, and N. Hunter, 2002. Determination of bacterial load by real-time PCR using a broadrange (universal) probe and primers set. Microbiology, 148: 257-266. https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-148-1-257
- Nauhaus, K., T. Treude, A. Boetius, and M. Kruger, 2005. Environmental regulation of the anaerobic oxidation of methane: a comparison of ANME-I and ANME-II communities. Environ. Microbiol., 7: 98-106. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2004.00669.x
- Niemann, H., T. Lösekann, D. Beer, M. Elvert, T. Nadalig, T. Knittel, R. Amann, E.J. Sauter, M. Schlüter, M. Klages, J.P. Foucher, and A. Boetius, 2006. Novel microbial communities of the Haakon Mosby mud volcano and their role as a methane sink. Nature, 443: 854-858. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature05227
- Nunoura, T., H. Oida, T. Toki, J. Ashi, K. Takai, and K. Horikoshi, 2006. Quantification of mcrA by quantitative fluorescent PCR in sediments from methane seep of the Nankai Trough. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 57: 149-157. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2006.00101.x
- Nunoura, T., H. Oida, J. Miyazaki, A. Miyashita, H. Imachi, and K. Takai, 2008. Quantification of mcrA by fluorescent PCR in methanogenic and anaerobic methanotrophic microbial communities. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 64: 240-247. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2008.00451.x
- Orcutt, B., A. Boetius, M. Elvert, V. Samarkin, and S.B. Joye, 2005. Molecular biogeochemistry of sulfate reduction, methanogenesis and the anaerobic oxidation of methane at Gulf of Mexico cold seeps. Geochim. Comoshim. Acta 69: 4267-4281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2005.04.012
- Orcutt, B., S.B. Joye, S. Kleindienst, K. Knittel, A. Ramette, A. Reitz, V. Samarkin, T. Treude, and A. Boetius, 2010. Impact of natural oil and higher hydrocarbons on microbial diversity, distribution, and activity in Gulf of Mexico cold-seep sediments. Deep-Sea Research II, 54: 2008-2021.
- Orphan, V.J., K.-U. Hinrichs, W. Ussler III, C.K. Paull, L.T. Taylor, S.S Sylva, J.M. Hayes, and E.F. Delong, 2001a. Comparative analysis of methane-oxidizing archaea and sulfate-reducing bacteria in anoxic marine sediments. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 67: 1922-1934. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.67.4.1922-1934.2001
- Orphan, V.J., C.H. House, K.U. Hinrichs, K.D. and E.F. DeLong, 2001b. Methane-consuming archaea revealed by directly coupled isotopic and phylogenetic analysis. Science, 293: 484-487. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1061338
- Parsons, T.R., Y. Maita, and C.M. Lalli, 1984. A manual of chemical and biological methods for seawater analysis. Pergamon Press Oxford, pp 149-153.
- Reeburgh, W.S., 1996. "Soft spots" in the global methane budget. In Microbial growth on C1 compounds. Lidstrom, M.E., Tabita, F.R. (eds) Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp 334-342.
- Schippers, A. and L.N. Neretin, 2006. Quantification of microbial communities in near-surface and deeply buried marine sediments on the Peru continental margin using real-time PCR. Environ. Microbiol., 8: 1251-1260. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2006.01019.x
- Takai, K. and K. Horikoshi, 1999. Genetic diversity of archaea in deep-sea hydrothermal vent environments. Genetics. 152: 1285-1297.
- Teske, A., K.-U. Hinrichs, V. Edgcomb, A. de Vera Gomex, D. Kysela, S.P. Sylva, M.L. Sogin, and H.W. Jannasch, 2002. Microbial diversity of hydrothermal sediments in the Guaymas basin: Evidence for anaerobic methanotrophic communities. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 68: 1994-2007. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.68.4.1994-2007.2002
- Treude, T., J. Niggemann, J. Kallmeyer, P. Wintersteller, C.J. Schubert, A. Boetius, and B.B. Jorgensen, 2005. Anaerobic oxidation of methane and sulfate reduction along the Chilean continental margin. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 69: 2767-2779. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2005.01.002
- Webster, G., R.J. Parkes, J.C. Fry, and A.J. Weightman, 2004. Widespread occurrence of a novel division of bacteria identified by 16S rRNA gene sequences originally found in deep marine sediments. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 70: 5708-5713. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.70.9.5708-5713.2004
- Webster, G., R.J. Parkes, B.A. Cragg, C.J. Newberry, and A.J. Weightman, 2006. Prokaryotic community composition and biogeochemical processes in deep subseafloor sediments from the Peru Margin. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 58: 65-85. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2006.00147.x