Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers (한국추진공학회지)

The Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers (한국추진공학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Prediction of the Mechanical Erosion Rate Decrement for Carbon-Composite Nozzle by using the Nano-Size Additive Aluminum Particle

나노 알루미늄 입자 첨가 추진제에 의한 탄소복합재 노즐의 기계적 삭마 감소 특성 예측

  • Tarey, Prashant (Research Division, Seyeon Engineering and System) ;
  • Kim, Jaiho (Research Division, Seyeon Engineering and System) ;
  • Levitas, Valeny I. (Department of Aerospace Engineering, Iowa State University) ;
  • Ha, Dongsung (The 4th R&D Institute, Agency for Defense Development) ;
  • Park, Jae Hyun (Department of Aerospace and Software Engineering and Research Center for Aircraft Parts Technology, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Yang, Heesung (Research Division, Seyeon Engineering and System)
  • Received : 2015.09.23
  • Accepted : 2015.11.06
  • Published : 2015.12.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In this study, the influence of Al particle size, as an additive for solid propellant, on the mechanical erosion of the carbon-composite nozzle was evaluated. A new model which can predict the size and distribution of the agglomerated reaction product($Al(l)/Al_2O_3(l)$) was established, and the size of agglomerate were calculated according to the various initial size of Al in the solid propellant. With predicted results of the model, subsequently, the characteristics of mechanical erosion on the carbon-composite nozzle was estimated using a commercial CFD software, STAR CCM+. The result shows that the smaller the initial Al particles are, in the solid propellant, the lower is the mechanical erosion rate of the composite nozzle wall, especially for the nano-size Al particle.

고체추진제에 첨가되는 알루미늄 입자의 크기에 따른 탄소 복합재 노즐의 기계적 삭마특성 변화를 예측하는 연구를 수행하였다. 추진제에 첨가되는 알루미늄 입자의 초기 크기에 따라 연소생성물 응집체($Al(l)/Al_2O_3(l)$)의 크기와 분포를 예측할 수 있는 모델을 개발하여 사용하였으며, 모델 예측 결과로 얻어지는 응집체의 크기를 초기조건으로 하여 상용 수치해석 프로그램(STAR CCM+)을 이용한 복합재 노즐에서의 기계적 삭마특성 해석을 수행하였다. 본 연구를 통해 초기 알루미늄 첨가제의 크기가 작을수록 응집체의 크기가 작아지고, 기계적 삭마가 감소하는 특성을 확인하였으며, 특히 나노입자를 사용할 때 기계적 삭마가 확연히 개선됨을 확인하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Yavor, Y., Gany, A. and Beckstead, M.W., "Modeling of the Agglomeration Phenomenon in Combustion of Aluminized Composite Solid Propellant," Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, Vol. 39, Issue 1, pp. 108-116, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1002/prep.201300073
  2. Kuo, K.K. and Acharya, R., Application of Turbulent and Multiphase Combustion, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, NY, USA, 2012.
  3. Crump, J.E., Prentice, J.L. and Kraeutle, K.J., "Role of Scanning Electron Microscope in Study of Solid Propellant Combustion: Behavior of Metal Additives," Combustion Science and Technology, Vol. 1, Issue 3, pp. 205-223, 1969. https://doi.org/10.1080/00102206908952201
  4. Gany, A., Caveny, L.H. and Summerfield, M., "Aluminized Solid Propellant Burning in a Rocket Motor Flow Field," AIAA Journal, Vol. 16, No. 7, pp. 736-739, 1978. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.60959
  5. Price, E.W., "Combustion of Metallized Propellants, in: Fundamentals of Solid Propellant Combustion, Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics," AIAA Journal, Vol. 90, pp. 479-513, 1984.
  6. Boraas, S., "Modeling Slag Deposition in the Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Motor," Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, Vol. 21, No. 1, pp. 47-54, 1984. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.8606
  7. Salita, M., "Deficiencies and Requirements in Modeling of Slag Generation in Solid Rocket Motors," Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp. 10-23, 1995. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.23835
  8. Beckstead, M.W., "An Overview of Aluminum Agglomeration Modeling," 50th Israel Annual Conference on Aerospace Sciences, Haifa, Israel, pp. 834-861, 25-26, Feb. 2010.
  9. Cohen, N.S., "A Pocket Model for Aluminum Agglomeration in Composite Propellants," AIAA Journal, Vol. 21, No. 5, pp. 720-725, 1983. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.8139
  10. Crump, J.E., "Aluminum Combustion in Composite Propellants," Interagency Chemical Rocket Propulsion Group: Combustion Instability Conference, Silver Spring, MD, USA, CPIA Publ. No. 105, May 1966.
  11. Gallier, S., "A Stochastic Pocket Model for Aluminum Agglomeration in Solid Propellants," Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, Vol. 34, Issue 2, pp. 97-105, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1002/prep.200700260
  12. Thakre, P., Rawat, R., Clayton, R. and Yang, V., "Mechanical Erosion of Graphite Nozzle Material in Solid-Propellant Rocket Motors," 448th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition, Orlando, FL, USA, AIAA 2010-615, Aug. 2010.
  13. Tanner, M.W., "Multidimensional Modeling of Solid Propellant Burning Rates and Aluminum Agglomeration and One-Dimensional Modeling of RDX/GAP and AP/HTPB," Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Chemical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, USA, 2008.
  14. Yetter, R.A., Risha, G.A. and Son, S.F., "Metal Particle Combustion and Nanotechnology," Proceeding of the combustion institute, Vol. 32, No. 2, pp. 1819-1938, 2009.
  15. Gany, A. and Caveny, L.H., "Agglomeration and Ignition Mechanism of Aluminum Particles in Solid Propellants," 17th Symposium (International) on combustion, Vols. 20-25, pp. 1453-1461, Aug. 1978.
  16. Jackson, T.L., Najjar, F. and Buckmaster, J., "New Aluminum Agglomeration Models and Their Use in Solid-Propellant-Rocket Simulations," Journal of propulsion and power, Vol. 21, No. 5, pp. 925-936, 2005. https://doi.org/10.2514/1.11888
  17. Sambamurthi, J.K., Price, E.W. and Robert, K.S., "Aluminum Agglomeration in Soli-Propellant Combustion," AIAA Journal, Vol. 22, No. 8, pp. 1132-1138, 1984. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.48552
  18. Babuk, V., Dolotkazin, I., Gamsov, A., Glebov, A., DeLuca, L.T. and Galfetti, L., "Nanoaluminum as a Solid Propellant Fuel," Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 482-489, 2009. https://doi.org/10.2514/1.36841
  19. Schiller, L. and Naumann, A., "Ueber die grundlegenden Berechnungen bei der Schwerkraftaufbereitung," VDI Zeits, Vol. 77, No. 12, pp. 318-320, 1933.
  20. Ranz, W.E. and Marshall, W.R., "Evaporation from Drops--Part I and II p. 141," Chemical Engineering Progress, Vol. 48, No. 3, pp. 141, 1952.
  21. CD-Adapco, "User Guide STAR-CCM+," Vol. Version 10.04, Seoul, Korea, 2015.
  22. Oka, Y.I., Okamura, K. and Yoshida, T., "Practical Estimation of Erosion Damage caused by Solid Particle Impact. Part 1: Effect of Impact Parameters on a Predictive Equation," Wear, Vol. 259, Issues 1-6, pp. 95-101, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2005.01.039
  23. Oka, Y.I. and Yoshida, T., "Practical Estimation of Erosion Damage caused by Solid Particle Impact. Part 2: Mechanical Properties of Materials directly Associated with Erosion Damage," Wear, Vol. 259, Issues 1-6, pp. 102-109, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2005.01.040
  24. Thakre, P., Rawat, R., Clayton, R. and Yang, V., "Mechanical Erosion of Graphite Nozzle in Solid-Propellant Rocket Motor," Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 29, No. 3, pp. 593-601, 2013. https://doi.org/10.2514/1.B34630
  25. Ranz, W.E. and Marshall, W.R., "Evaporation from Drops--Part I and II p. 141," Chemical Engineering Progress, Vol. 48, No. 3, pp. 141, 1952.
  26. Sabnis, J., "Numerical Simulation of Distributed Combustion in Solid-Rocket Motor with Metallized Propellant," Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 48-55, 2003. https://doi.org/10.2514/2.6101
  27. Ketner, D.M. and Hess, H.S., "Particle Impingement Erosion," 15th Joint Propulsion Conference, Las Vegas, NV, USA, AIAA Paper 79-1250, June 1979.