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Comparison of Response Systems and Education Courses against HNS Spill Incidents between Land and Sea in Korea

국내 HNS 사고 대응체계 및 교육과정에 관한 육상과 해상의 비교

  • Kim, Kwang-Soo (Division of Navigation Science, Mokpo National Maritime University) ;
  • Gang, Jin Hee (Graduate School of Mokpo National Maritime University) ;
  • Lee, Moonjin (Korea Research Institute of Ships & Ocean Engineering/KIOST)
  • Received : 2015.12.02
  • Accepted : 2015.12.28
  • Published : 2015.12.31

Abstract

As the type of Hazardous and Noxious Substances(HNS) becomes various and the transport volume of HNS increases, HNS spill incidents occur frequently on land and the sea. In view of various damages to human lives and properties by HNS spills, it is necessary to educate and train professional personnel in preparation for and response to potential HNS spills. This study shows the current state of response systems and education courses against HNS spill incidents on land and the sea to compare those with each other between land and sea in Korea. Incident command system on land are basically similar to that at sea, but leading authority which is responsible for combating HNS spills at sea is changeable depending on the location of HNS spill, as it were, Korea Coast Guard(KCG) is responsible for urgent response to HNS spill at sea, while municipalities are responsible for the response to HNS drifted ashore. Education courses for HNS responders on land are established at National Fire Service Academy(NFSA), National Institute of Chemical Safety(NICS), etc., and are diverse. Education and training courses for HNS responder at sea are established at Korea Coast Guard Academy(KCGA) and Marine Environment Research & Training Institute(MERTI), and are comparatively simple. Education courses for dangerous cargo handlers who work in port where land is linked to the sea are established at Korea Maritime Dangerous Goods Inspection & Research Institute(KOMDI), Korea Port Training Institute(KPTI) and Korea Institute of Maritime and Fisheries Technology(KIMFT). Through the comparison of education courses for HNS responders between land and sea, some recommendations such as extension of education targets, division of an existing integrated HNS course into two courses composed of operational level and manager level with respective refresh course, on-line cyber course and joint inter-educational institute course in cooperation with other relevant institutes are proposed for the improvement in education courses of KCG and KOEM(Korea Marine Environment Management Corporation) to educate and train professionals for combating HNS spills at sea in Korea.

위험 유해물질(HNS)의 종류와 물동량이 증가함에 따라 육 해상에서 HNS 유출사고가 크게 증가하고 있으며 그에 따른 화재, 폭발, 독성 피해 등 다양한 유형의 사고와 피해가 나타나고 있어, HNS 유출사고에 대비 대응하기 위하여 전문 인력을 양성할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 국내 HNS 유출사고에 대한 육상 및 해상의 대응 체계와 교육과정 현황을 살펴보고, 육상과 해상 간의 대응체계 및 교육과정을 비교하였다. 육상의 HNS 사고 대응체계에서는 환경부가 유해화학물질 유출사고 대응 주관기관이고 국민안전처는 화재 위험물 사고 대응 주관기관이다. 육상에서는 국민안전처, 환경부, 지자체 등이 화학재난합동방재센터를 설립하여 각종 화학재난 사고에 공동대응하고 있다. 한편 해상의 대응체계에서는 국민안전처 해양경비안전본부(KCG)가 해상 HNS 방제조치 책임기관이고 해당 지방자치단체 또는 행정기관이 해안 표착 HNS 방제조치 책임기관이다. HNS 사고 대응 지휘체계는 육상과 해상이 전반적으로 비슷하지만 해상의 특수성으로 인해 서로 약간의 차이가 있다. HNS 사고 대비 대응 교육과정을 살펴보면, 육상에서는 중앙소방학교, 화학물질안전원 교육시스템, 한국화학물질관리협회 화학물질안전교육센터, 인제대학교 방재연구센터 등에서 교육과정이 다양하게 개설되어 있는 반면에 해상에서는 해양경비안전교육원 및 해양환경교육원에서 관련 교육과정이 개설되어 있으나 비교적 단순한 편이다. 한편, 육상과 해상을 연결하는 항만에서 종사하는 위험화물취급자에 대한 교육과정은 한국해사위험물검사원 교육센터, 한국항만연수원 및 한국해양수산연수원에서 개설되어 있다. 육상 교육과정과 해상 교육과정을 비교한 결과, 향후 해상 교육과정의 개선을 위해서는 현재의 예방 대응과정에 추가하여 사후관리과정을 개설하고 단일화된 HNS 방제과정을 2개의 과정(실무자 과정과 관리자 과정)으로 분리하고 각각의 보수과정을 개설할 필요가 있다. 또한 교육대상자를 민간 방제인력과 예비인력으로 확대, 온라인 강의(사이버 과정) 개설, 그리고 타 교육훈련기관과의 공동과정 개설 등 교류 협력의 활성화가 필요하다.

Keywords

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