Comparison of Factors influencing Academic and Social self-concept between Multicultural and General children

다문화아동과 일반아동의 학업자아 및 사회자아의 영향요인 비교

This study was aimed to compare and investigate the difference of academic self-concept and social self-concept between multicultural children and general children. The data were collected from a total of 285 multicultural children and 223 general children in elementary school, during three months from February 20, 2014 to May 20, 2014. Collected data were analyzed using t-test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and enter multiple regression with the SPSS 23.0 program. Multicultural children showed lower scores in academic and social self-concept, parents attachment, social support, and school life adaptation than general children. And their mental health level was lower than the general children. The study results were that academic self-concept of multicultural children was influenced by learning activity (${\beta}$=.298), social maladaptation (${\beta}$=-.218), communication (${\beta}$=-.196), and confidence (${\beta}$=.167), which explained for 42.4% of academic self-concept. Social self-concept of multicultural children was influenced by support from friend (${\beta}$=.285), peer relation(${\beta}$=.187), social maladaptation (${\beta}$=-.172), and depression (${\beta}$=-.139). which explained for 46.3% of social self-concept. Since the influence factors of academic and social self-concept of general children and multicultural children have a great power of explanation, they can be used for the intervention program enhancing self-concept for school aged children.

본 연구는 다문화아동과 일반아동의 학업자아와 사회자아의 영향요인을 비교하는 서술적 조사 연구이다. 본 연구대상자는 초등학생 4-6학년 다문화아동 285명과 일반아동 223명으로 자료수집 기간은 2014년 2월 20일부터 5월 20일까지 3개월 동안 실시하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 23.0을 이용하여 기술통계, t-test, Pearson correlation coefficients, enter multiple regression으로 분석하였다. 연구결과 다문화아동은 일반아동에 비해 학업자아, 사회자아, 부모애착, 사회적지지, 학교생활적응의 평균값이 유의하게 낮았고, 정신건강 수준도 낮았다. 다문화아동의 학업자아에 영향을 미치는 요인들은 학습활동(${\beta}$=.298), 사회적 부적응(${\beta}$=-.218), 의사소통(${\beta}$=-.196), 신뢰감(${\beta}$=.167) 순으로 학업자아를 42.2% 설명하는 것으로 나타났다. 사회자아에 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 친구지지(${\beta}$=.285), 교우관계(${\beta}$=.187), 사회적 부적응(${\beta}$=-.172), 우울요인(${\beta}$=-.139) 순으로 사회자아를 46.3% 설명하였다. 본 연구에서 밝혀진 학업자아와 사회자아의 영향요인들은 향후 학령기 아동의 자아개념 증진프로그램에 활용될 수 있을 것이다.