Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine (정신신체의학)

Korean Psychosomatic Society (한국정신신체의학회)
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Gender Differences of Direct and Relational Aggression in Children and Adolescents

국내 초등학생 및 중학생의 성별에 따른 직접적 공격성과 관계적 공격성의 차이

  • Jeong, Da-un (Department of Psychiatry, Konyang University College of Medicine, Konyang University Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Ji-Woong (Department of Psychiatry, Konyang University College of Medicine, Konyang University Hospital) ;
  • Hong, Hyun-ju (Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Suicide and School Mental Health Institute, Hallym University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Seung-Jun (Department of Psychiatry, Konyang University College of Medicine, Konyang University Hospital) ;
  • Lee, Na-Hyun (Department of Psychiatry, Konyang University College of Medicine, Konyang University Hospital) ;
  • Yang, Ji-sun (Department of Psychiatry, Konyang University College of Medicine, Konyang University Hospital) ;
  • Ahn, Song-ii (Hopeful Psychiatric Clinic) ;
  • Im, Woo-Young (Department of Psychiatry, Konyang University College of Medicine, Konyang University Hospital) ;
  • Jhung, Kyungun (Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Seoul National Hospital)
  • 정다운 (건양대학교 의과대학 건양대학교병원 정신건강의학교실) ;
  • 김지웅 (건양대학교 의과대학 건양대학교병원 정신건강의학교실) ;
  • 홍현주 (한림대학교 의과대학 성심병원 정신건강의학교실, 자살과 학생 정신건강연구소) ;
  • 김승준 (건양대학교 의과대학 건양대학교병원 정신건강의학교실) ;
  • 이나현 (건양대학교 의과대학 건양대학교병원 정신건강의학교실) ;
  • 양지선 (건양대학교 의과대학 건양대학교병원 정신건강의학교실) ;
  • 안송이 (희망가득 소아청소년 마음 클리닉) ;
  • 임우영 (건양대학교 의과대학 건양대학교병원 정신건강의학교실) ;
  • 정경운 (국립서울병원 청소년정신과)
  • Received : 2015.08.14
  • Accepted : 2015.10.05
  • Published : 2015.12.31
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Abstract

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the gender differences of direct aggression and relational aggression in Korean elementary and middle school students. Methods : Parents of 946 elementary school students(age $9.54{\pm}1.72$ years, 485 boys, 461 girls) completed the Child Behavior Checklist(CBCL). Six-hundred-and-three middle school students(age $13.98{\pm}0.93$ years, 301 boys, 302 girls) completed the Youth Self-Report(YSR). Independent t-test, chi-square test, and Fisher's exact test were used. Results : Boys had significantly higher direct aggression scores than girls in elementary school students(p<0.001). There was no significance gender difference of relational aggression in elementary school students(p=0.235). In middle school students, boys had significantly higher direct aggression than girls(p=0.017), and girls had significantly higher relational aggression compared to the boys(p<0.001). Conclusions : Our results suggest the presence of gender differences in manifestation of aggression subtypes in Korean elementary and middle school students. These gender differences should be taken into account in prevention and intervention approaches of aggression in children and adolescents.

연구 목적 본 연구는 국내 초등학생 및 중학생을 대상으로 직접적 공격성과 관계적 공격성의 성별간 차이를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구 방법 946명의 초등학생($9.54{\pm}1.72$세, 남아 485명, 여아 461명)의 경우 부모 보고를 통해 K-CBCL를 시행하였다. 중학생의 경우 603명의 대상자가($13.98{\pm}0.93$세, 남아 301명, 여아 302명) 자가보고를 통해 K-YSR를 시행하였다. 성별간 공격성 차이를 확인하기 위해 독립표본 t 검정 및 교차 분석(chi-square test or Fisher's exact)을 시행하였다. 연구 결과 초등학생의 경우 남학생이 여학생에 비해 유의미하게 직접 공격성의 T-score가 높았으며(p<0.001) 관계 공격성에서는 유의미한 차이가 나타나지 않았다(p=0.235). 중학생의 경우 직접적 공격성과 관계적 공격성 모두에서 유의미한 차이가 관찰되었는데, 직접 공격성의 경우 남학생이 여학생보다 유의미하게 높았고(p=0.00 ; p<0.000), 관계 공격성의 경우 여학생이 남학생보다 유의미하게 높게 나타났다(p=0.017 ; p<0.001). 결 론 본 연구는 한국의 초등학생 및 중학생에서 성별 간 공격성 하위 요인의 차이가 존재함을 시사하고 있다. 이러한 성별 간 차이가 향후 아동 청소년 공격성의 예방 및 개입 방향 수립에 고려되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

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