Journal of Animal Science and Technology

Korean Society of Animal Sciences and Technology (한국축산학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Comparative ileal amino acid digestibility and growth performance in growing pigs fed different level of canola meal

  • Kim, Kwangyeol (Department of Animal Resources Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Goel, Akshat (Department of Animal Resources Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Lee, Suhyup (Department of Animal Resources Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Choi, Yohan (Department of Animal Resources Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Chae, Byung-Jo (Department of Animal Resources Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University)
  • Received : 2015.03.25
  • Accepted : 2015.05.21
  • Published : 2015.06.30
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The digestibility of different vegetable protein sources were investigated and the effects of supplementing canola meal (CM) as partial inclusions were studied in growing pigs, to determine the performance parameters and its economic importance. In Exp. 1, four pigs (average initial $BW=15.4{\pm}0.35kg$, 5 weeks of age) fitted with simple T-cannula at terminal ileum, were fed four diets following repeated $4{\times}4$ Latin square design having adoption period of 7 days. Diet 1 was Nitrogen free diet containing corn starch. Diets 2, 3, and 4 were the basal diet supplemented with soybean meal (SBM), rapeseed meal (RSM), and domestic CM respectively. The AID of crude protein was decrease in RSM in comparison to SBM supplementation. The AID of Dietary indispensable amino acids (DIAA) such as Lys, Meth, Pha, and dispensable amino acid Ala, Pro, Asp were decreased (P < 0.05) in RSM supplemented diets. The SID of DIAA does not differ but the SID of Asp was higher (P < 0.05) in RSM and CM diets while SID of Pro was lower (P < 0.05) in RSM in comparison to SBM supplemented diets. In Exp. 2, 192 growing pigs (average initial BW $24.76{\pm}2.55kg$) were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments with increasing levels of CM i.e. 0, 3.75, 7.50, and 11.25 % respectively. Diets were fed in meal form for 35 days. Increasing CM levels in diets had no effects (P > 0.05) on growth performance and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients and energy. Total weight gain, total feed intake, and feed cost per kg weight gain were not affected by increasing levels of CM in diets but total feed cost (TFC) per pigs was linearly reduced (26.463 to 25.674; P < 0.05). Broadly, the AID, and SID of amino acid was reduced in RSM but was not effected in CM in comparison to SBM supplemented pigs. Moreover, increasing levels of CM in pigs diet had no effect on the ATTD and performance but TFC per pig was reduced. Thus CM inclusion of up to 11.25 % in diets can be used for reducing the production cost in growing pigs without any negative effect.

Keywords

References

  1. Niemi JK, Sevon-Aimonen ML, Pietola K, Stalder KJ. The value of precision feeding technologies for grow-finish swine. Livest Sci. 2010;129:13-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2009.12.006
  2. Payne LR, Zijlstra RT. Advances in Pork Production, Proc. Banff Pork Semin. In: Ball RO, Zijlstra RT, editors. A guide to application of net energy in swine feed formulation. Alberta, Canada: Univ. Alberta, Edmonton; 2007. p. 159-65.
  3. Patience JF. Managing energy intake and costs of grow-finish pigs: Advances in Pork Production. In: Proc. of Banff Pork Seminar, Banff, AB. Edmonton: University of Alberta, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science; 2013. p. 29-35.
  4. Schmit TM, Verteramo L, Tomek WG. Implications of growing biofuel demands on northeast livestock feed costs. Agric Resour Econ Rev. 2009;38:200-12. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1068280500003208
  5. Ash M, Dohlman E. Oil, crops situation and outlook yearbook. Electronic outlook report from the economic research service. United States: Department of Agriculture; 2006.
  6. Newkirk R. Canola meal, Feed Industries Guide. 4th ed. Winnipeg: Canadian International Grains Institute; 2009.
  7. Korelesky J. Improved rapeseed meal or oilseed as a feed for poultry in 9th European Symposium on Poultry Nutrition. Jelenia Gora: Poland; 1993. p. 35-53.
  8. Sauer WC, Chicon R, Misir R. Amino acid availability and protein quality of canola and rapeseed meal for pigs and rats. Can J Anim Sci. 1982;54:292-301. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1982.542292x
  9. Mailer RJ, McFadden A, Ayton J, Redden B. Anti-Nutritional components, fibre, sinapine and glucosinolate content, in Australian canola (Brassica napus L.) meal. J Am Oil Chem Soc. 2008;85:937-44. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-008-1268-0
  10. Bell JM. Factors affecting the nutritional value of canola meal: A review. Can J Anim Sci. 1993;73:679-97.
  11. Roth-Maier DA, Bohmer BM, Roth FX. Effects of feeding canola meal and sweet lupin (L.luteus, L.angustifolius) in amino acid balanced diets on growth performance and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing pigs. Anim Res. 2004;53:21-34. https://doi.org/10.1051/animres:2003048
  12. Walker WR, Morgan GL, Maxwell CV. Ileal cannulation in baby pigs with a simple T-cannula. J Anim Sci. 1986;62:407-11.
  13. NRC. Nutrient Requirements of Swine. 11th ed. Washington: Natl. Acad. Press; 2012.
  14. AOAC. Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists International. 18th ed. Gaithersburg: AOAC; 2007.
  15. Fenton TW, Fenton M. An improved procedure for the determination of chromic oxide in feed and feces. Can J Anim Sci. 1979;59:631-63. https://doi.org/10.4141/cjas79-081
  16. Moore S. On the determination of cystine as cysteric acid. J Biol Sci. 1963;38:235-7.
  17. SAS. Software for PC. NC, USA: SAS Institute. Ins, Cart; 2012. Release 9.3.
  18. Zhang T, Liu L, Piao XS. Predicting the digestible energy of rapeseed meal from Its chemical composition in growing-finishing pigs. Asian-Aust J Anim Sci. 2012;25:375-81. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2011.11323
  19. Li D, Pengbin X, Liming G, Shijun F, Canghai H. Determination of apparent ileal amino acid digestibility in rapeseed meal and cake processed at different temperatures using the direct and difference method with growing pigs. Arch Tierernahr. 2002;56(5):339-49. https://doi.org/10.1080/00039420215629
  20. Upadhaya SD, Kim IH. Ileal digestibility of nutrients and amino acids in unfermented, fermented soybean meal and canola meal for weaning pigs. Anim Sci. 2014. doi:10.1111/asj.12305.
  21. Imbeah M, Sauer WC. The effect of dietary level of fat on amino acid digestibility's in soybean meal and canola meal and on rate of passage in growing pigs. Livest Prod Sci. 1991;29:227-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-6226(91)90068-2
  22. Zangeronimo MG, Fialho ET, Lima JAF, Girao LVC, Amaral NO, Silveira H. Performance and carcass characteristics of swine from 20 to 50 kg receiving diets with reduced crude protein and different levels of true digestible lysine. Cienc Rural. 2009;39:1507-13. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-84782009005000069
  23. Stoll B, Burrin D, Henry J, Yu H, Jahoor F, Reeds P. Dietary amino acids are the preferential source of hepatic protein synthesis in piglets. J Nutr. 1998;128:1517-24. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/128.9.1517
  24. Wu GY. Amino acids: metabolism, functions, and nutrition. Amino Acids. 2009;37:1-17.
  25. Job TA. Utilization and protein supplementation of cassava for animal feeding and the effect of sulfur source on cyanide detoxification. Nigeria: PhD Thesis University of Ibadan; 1975.
  26. Wu G, Bazer FW, Datta S, Johnson GA, Li P, Satterfield MC, et al. Proline metabolism in the conceptus: implications for fetal growth and development. Amino Acids. 2008;35:691-702. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-008-0052-7
  27. Wu G, Bazer FW, Burghardt RC, Johnson GA, Kim SW, Knabe DA, et al. Proline and hydroxyproline metabolism: implications for animal and human nutrition. Amino Acids. 2011;40:1053-63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-010-0715-z
  28. Wu G, Knabe DA, Flynn NE, Yan W, Flynn SP. Arginine degradation in developing porcine enterocytes. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liv Physiol. 1996;271:913-9. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1996.271.5.G913
  29. Wilfart A, Montagne L, Simmins H, Noblet J, Van Milgen J. Effect of fiber content in the diet on the mean retention time in different segments of the digestive tract in growing pigs. Livest Sci. 2007;109:27-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2007.01.032
  30. Corino C, Baidi A, Bontempo V. Influence of low-glucosinolate rapeseed meal on performance and thyroid hormone status of heavy pigs. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 1991;35:321-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8401(91)90138-I
  31. Nascimento AHD, Gomes PC, Rostagno HS, Albino LFT, Gomes MFM, Runho RC. Use of canola meal in diets for broiler chickens. Rev Bras Zootech. 1998;27(6):1168-76.
  32. Naseem MZ, Khan SH, Yousaf M. Effect of feeding various levels of canola meal on the performance of broiler chickens. J Anim Pl Sci. 2006;16(3-4):78.
  33. Nyachoti CM, De Lange CFM, Schulze H. Estimating endogenous amino acid flows at the terminal ileum and true ileal amino acid digestibilities in feedstuffs for growing pigs using the homoarginine method. J Anim Sci. 1997;75:3206-13. https://doi.org/10.2527/1997.75123206x
  34. Landero JL, Beltranenaa E, Cervantes M, Morales A, Zijlstra RT. The effect of feeding solvent-extracted canola meal on growth performance and diet nutrient digestibility in weaned pigs. Anim Feed Sci Tech. 2011;170:136-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2011.08.003
  35. Sanjayan N, Heo JM, Nyachoti CM. Nutrient digestibility and growth performance of pigs fed diets with different levels of canola meal from Brassica napus black and Brassica juncea yellow. J Anim Sci. 2014;92:3895-905. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2013-7215
  36. King RH, Eason PE, Kerton DK, Dunshea FR. Evaluation of solvent-extracted canola meal for growing pigs and lactating sows. Aust J Agric Res. 2001;52:1033-41. https://doi.org/10.1071/AR01011
  37. Brand TS, Brandt DA, Cruywagen CW. Utilization of growing-finishing pig diets containing high levels of solvent or expeller oil extracted canola meal. New Zeal J Agr Res. 2001;44:31-5. https://doi.org/10.1080/00288233.2001.9513459
  38. McDonnell P, O'Shea C, Figat S, O'Doherty JV. Influence of incrementally substituting dietary soya bean meal for rapeseed meal on nutrient digestibility, nitrogen excretion, growth performance and ammonia emission from growing-finishing pigs. Arch Anim Nutr. 2010;65:412-24.
  39. Seneviratne RW, Young MG, Beltranena E, Goonewardene LA, Newkirk RW, Zijlstra RT. The nutritional value of expeller-pressed canola meal for grower-finisher pigs. J Anim Sci. 2010;88:2073-83. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2009-2437

Cited by

  1. Erratum to: Comparative ileal amino acid digestibility and growth performance in growing pigs fed different level of canola meal vol.57, pp.1, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40781-015-0075-z
  2. A meta-analysis of the effects of dietary canola / double low rapeseed meal on growth performance of weanling and growing-finishing pigs vol.259, pp.None, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2019.114302