Fire Science and Engineering (한국화재소방학회논문지)

Korean Institute of Fire Science and Engineering (한국화재소방학회)
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Numerical Study on the Effect of Heat Release Rate and Interior Opening on Fire Flow Velocity in the Case of Interior Fire in an Apartment Building

공동주택 화재 시 화재크기 및 실내 개구부 크기가 화재풍속에 미치는 영향에 관한 수치해석적 연구

  • Seo, Chanwon (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Shin, Weon Gyu (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chungnam National University)
  • Received : 2014.09.11
  • Accepted : 2014.10.17
  • Published : 2014.10.31
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Abstract

In the case of interior fire in an apartment building, contamination of vestibule area by fire smoke before air fan operating when fire doors are open makes the evacuation of people very difficult. In order to investigate the effect of heat release rate (HRR) and interior opening on fire flow velocity, numerical simulations using Fire Dynamics Simulator were carried out. In simulations, actual dimensions and configuration of an apartment building were considered and interior leakage and HRR were varied. From simulation results, it was found that fire flow velocity distribution is significantly influenced by HRR and interior opening resulting in the change of the location of a neutral plane. Also, it is shown that there is a larger difference of the fire flow velocity between upper and lower part of the fire door when the neutral plane becomes closer to the ceiling.

재실자가 부속실로의 피난 시 부속실 송풍기가 작동하기 전단계에서는 실내화재로 인한 풍속이 발생하여 부속실 개방과 더불어 연소생성물이 부속실을 오염시켜 피난장애의 결과를 가져올 수 있다. 이로인한 화재크기 및 실내 개구부 크기가 화재풍속에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 수치해석 연구를 수행하였다. 수치해석에서는 화재크기 및 실내 개구부 크기를 달리하였고, 실제의 공동주택 형상과 치수를 반영하였다. 수치해석 결과, 화재크기별 실내의 개구부 크기에 따라서 중성대 높이가 변화하여 부속실로 흐르는 화재풍속 특성이 다르게 나타남을 확인할 후 있었다. 또한, 실내 중성대가 높은 곳에 형성된 경우에는 방화문 상 하부에서 화재풍속의 차이가 나타남을 확인할 수 있었다.

Keywords

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