과제정보
This work was supported by grants from the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2009-0094050 and NRF-2013R1A1A1058298).
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Two-signal models are useful in explaining various types of immune responses. In particular, secondary, so-called costimulatory, signals are critically required for the process of T-cell activation, survival, differentiation, and memory formation. Early studies in rodent models showed that targeting T-cell costimulatory pathways elicits immunological tolerance, providing a basis for development of costimulatory therapeutics in allograft rejection. However, as the classic definition of T-cell costimulation continues to evolve, simple blockade of costimulatory pathways has limitations in prevention of allograft rejection. Furthermore, functions of costimulatory molecules are much more diverse than initially anticipated and beyond T cells. In this mini-review, we will discuss CD137-CD137L bidirectional signals as examples showing that two-signals can be applicable to multiple phases of immune responses.
This work was supported by grants from the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2009-0094050 and NRF-2013R1A1A1058298).