DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Study of the Dormitory Architecture of Governmental Secondary Schools in the Japanese Colonial Era

일제 강점기 관립 중등학교 기숙사 건축에 관한 연구

  • Received : 2014.05.13
  • Accepted : 2014.08.07
  • Published : 2014.08.31

Abstract

This study reviewed the planning characteristics of dormitories for secondary schools in the Japanese Colonial Era by analyzing the architectural drawings collected by the National Archives of Korea. The dormitory was one of the essential facilities in secondary schools but there have been few studies in this area. The analysis items were the site plan and the planning characteristics of student bedrooms, dining hall, and supervisor's area, which were the main elements of the dormitory. The results of this study were summarized as follows. 1) Generally, the dormitory area was placed in the rear of buildings for teaching with a close connection. 2) The student bedroom wings were laid out in parallel to the south as a rule making the typical site plan pattern for a dormitory, whereas the other parts of dormitory, such as the dining hall and supervisor's area were placed in the site conditions. 3) Generally, the unit plans of bedrooms for Korean schools were the ondol type and were small in size, whereas those for Japanese were the tatami type and large in size with separate study and sleeping areas. 4) The dining hall annex was made up of a dining hall and kitchen-bathroom area in general. For Japanese schools, the school store area was added to these areas. The typical shapes of dining hall plans were narrow and long with an adjacent corridor, so the overall plan of the dining hall annex was like that of a single-corridor type block plan. 5) The supervisor's area was a smaller part of the dormitory but it was considered to be a symbolic part of the whole dormitory in site planning and design.

본 연구는 일제 강점기 중등학교 건축을 구성하는 필수시설이었지만 관련 연구가 부족했던 기숙사 건축의 계획 특성을 국가 기록원 소장 도면들을 대상으로 살펴보았다. 분석 항목은 배치 특성, 그리고 기숙사를 구성하는 주요 영역들인 개실동, 식당동, 사감실 영역 등의 계획 특성들이다. 연구 결과를 정리하면 다음과 같다. 1) 기숙사 영역은 교사동 영역 후면에 인접 배치되는 것이 일반적이었다. 2) 기숙사 영역은 남향을 원칙으로 하는 개실동들의 병렬배치가 배치의 기본형태가 되면서 식당동, 사감실 영역 등은 부지 상황에 맞추어 배치되었다. 3) 기숙사 개실동의 단위 평면은 대체로 한국인 학교의 경우 온돌형에 소형평면이 일본인 학교에는 다다미 마감에 자습실과 침실이 구분되어 있는 대형 평면이 적용되었다. 4) 식당동은 식당 영역, 취사장 욕실 영역 등으로 구성되며 일본인 학교의 경우 매점 영역이 함께 계획되었다. 식당의 평면 형상은 좁고 길며 복도가 연접해 있어 식당동 전체 평면은 편복도형 블록플랜과 같은 형상을 하는 것이 일반적이었다. 5) 사감실 영역은 차지하는 면적은 많지 않았지만 전체 기숙사를 대표하는 영역으로 상징적으로 보이도록 배치나 의장상의 고려가 있었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Dongrae High School, "80 Years History of Dongrae High School", 1979
  2. Gwangju Jeil High School, "65 Years History of Gwangju Jeil High School", 1986
  3. Joo, Sang-Hun, Jeon, Bong-Hee, "A Study on Characteristics of Layout Programs through the Process of Construction of Governmental Middle and High Schools of Seoul in the Japanese Occupation Period", Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea, vol 25 no5, pp201-212, 2009. 05
  4. Joo, Sang-Hun, Jeon, Bong-Hee, "A Study on the Scheme of the Main Building of Governmental Middle Schools from 1911 to 1924 in Korea", Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea, vol 25 no11, pp169-180, 2009. 11
  5. Kanno, Makoto, "Japanese School Architecture : vol 2", Bunkyo News, 1983
  6. Kyeongbuk High School, "70 Years History of Kyeongbuk Middle and High School", 1986
  7. Lee, Jeong-Woo, "A Study on the Gongso and Auditorium of Governmental Secondary Schools in the Japanese Colonial Era", Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference, vol 14 no2, pp336-338, 2013
  8. http://theme.archives.go.kr/next/dwg/dwgMainView.do