대한기계학회논문집B (Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B)

  • 제38권7호
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  • Pages.607-618
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  • 2014
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  • 1226-4881(pISSN)
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  • 2288-5324(eISSN)
대한기계학회 (The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers)
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초임계 이산화탄소의 수직 상향 유동에서의 관내 열전달에 관한 실험적 연구

Experimental Investigation of Heat Transfer During Vertical Upward Flow of Supercritical CO2 in Circular Tube

  • 김동억 (경북대학교 정밀기계공학과)
  • Kim, Dong Eok (Dept. of Precision Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook Nat'l Univ.)
  • 투고 : 2014.03.18
  • 심사 : 2014.05.02
  • 발행 : 2014.07.01
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초록

초임계 $CO_2$의 수직상향유동에서의 난류열전달에 관한 실험적연구가 내경 4.5 mm의 원형관에서 수행되었다. 실험범위는 유체평균온도 $29-115^{\circ}C$, 압력 74.6 - 102.6 bar, 국부 벽면 열유속 $38-234kW/m^2$ 그리고 질량유속 $208-874kg/m^2s$였다. 중간정도의 벽면 열유속 및 낮은 질량유속에서 벽면온도는 확연한 최대점을 나타냈다. 열전달에 대한 부력 및 유동가속의 영향을 살펴보기 위하여 실험 및 참조상관식(Kranoshchekov and Protopopov)에서 획득된 Nusselt 수의 비를 부력 및 유동가속을 나타내는 변수인 $Bo^*$ 및 $q^+$를 이용하여 분석하였다. 이 분석을 통해 유동가속 변수인 $q^+$는 실험에서의 열전달 현상을 적절히 표현할 수 있는 변수라는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 마지막으로 초임계 유체의 수직상향 유동에서의 새로운 열전달 상관식이 개발되었으며, 이 상관식은 ${\pm}30%$의 오차범위에서 실험데이터를 잘 예측하였다.

An experimental investigation of turbulent heat transfer during the vertical upward flow of supercritical $CO_2$ was conducted in a circular tube with inner diameter of 4.5 mm. The experiments were conducted at bulk fluid temperatures ranging from 29 to $115^{\circ}C$, pressures from 74.6 to 102.6 bar, local wall heat fluxes from 38 to $234kW/m^2$, and mass fluxes from 208 to $874kg/m^2s$. At moderate wall heat and low mass fluxes, the wall temperature had a noticeable peak value. For observing the buoyancy and flow acceleration effects on heat transfer, the ratios of Nusselt numbers from the experimental data and a reference correlation were compared with the $Bo^*$ and $q^+$ distributions. The flow acceleration parameter $q^+$ appropriately represented the heat transfer phenomena in the experiments. A new heat transfer correlation for the vertical upward flow of the supercritical pressure fluid was developed, and was found to agree with the experimental data with an error margin of ${\pm}30%$.

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