DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Hypoglycemic Effects of Boiled rice made from Unpolished rice, Job' tear, and Extract From Medicinal Herbs Mixture on Diabetic Rat

당뇨 쥐에 대한 한약재복합추출물로 만든 현미율무밥의 혈당강하 효과

  • Lee, Hyeon-Sun (Faculty of Herbal Food Cooking & Nutrition, Daegu Haany University) ;
  • Kong, Hyun-Joo (Faculty of Herbal Food Cooking & Nutrition, Daegu Haany University) ;
  • Lee, Eon-Hee (Department of Food and Nutrition, Graduate School, Yeungnam University) ;
  • Hwang, Su-Jung (Faculty of Herbal Food Cooking & Nutrition, Daegu Haany University) ;
  • Jung, Hyeon-A (Faculty of Herbal Food Cooking & Nutrition, Daegu Haany University) ;
  • Kim, Mi-Lim (Faculty of Herbal Food Cooking & Nutrition, Daegu Haany University) ;
  • Choi, Eun-Mi (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Jang, Joung-Hyeon (Division of Cosmetology, Dong-Eui Institute of Technology) ;
  • Yang, Kyung-Mi (Faculty of Herbal Food Cooking & Nutrition, Daegu Haany University)
  • 이현순 (대구한의대학교 한방식품조리영양학부) ;
  • 공현주 (대구한의대학교 한방식품조리영양학부) ;
  • 이언희 (영남대학교 대학원 식품영양학과) ;
  • 황수정 (대구한의대학교 한방식품조리영양학부) ;
  • 정현아 (대구한의대학교 한방식품조리영양학부) ;
  • 김미림 (대구한의대학교 한방식품조리영양학부) ;
  • 최은미 (경북대학교 대학원 식품영양학과) ;
  • 장정현 (부산동의과학대학교 미용계열) ;
  • 양경미 (대구한의대학교 한방식품조리영양학부)
  • Received : 2014.04.25
  • Accepted : 2014.05.26
  • Published : 2014.05.30

Abstract

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to evaluate boiled rice made from unpolished rice, Job's Tears, and extract from medicinal herbs mixture (HGMCJE) for hypoglycemic effect on STZ-induced diabetic rats. Methods : In the response of glucose tolerance, control and diabetic rats groups was intubated with glucose and HGMCJE. Furthermore, boiled 100% polished rice (P rice), boiled unpolished rice mixed with white rice and Job's tears (polished rice:unpolished rice:Job's tears=60:25:15, UPJ-rice), and UPJ rice made from HGMCJE (HUPJ-rice) were intubated to control and diabetic rats groups, respectively. Then, blood glucose concentration, incremental blood glucose, and area under the curve (${\Delta}AUC$) were analyzed in every experimental groups, and these data were used to evaluate glycemic response. Results : When glucose and p rice were intubated in control and diabetic rats, blood glucose concentration, incremental blood glucose, and incremental response ${\Delta}AUC$ of diabetic groups were significantly increase than control groups. But administraion of a single dose of extract from medicinal herbs mixture and HUPJ-rice in control and diabetic rats inhibited the remarkable increase the level of postprandial blood and ${\Delta}AUC$ at 60, 90, and 120 min Conclusions : These results indicate that when intubation of glucose and P rice were out of control on postprandial glycemic response in diabetic rats. But postprandial glycemic response was well-modulated by administrating a single oral dose of HGMCJE and HUPJ-rice. Therefore, HGMCJE can be developed as an effective hypoglycemic agent.

Keywords

References

  1. Kim IJ. Glycemic index. Korean Diabetes J. 2009 ; 33(4) : 261-6. https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2009.33.4.261
  2. Wolever TMS, Jenkins DJA, Collier GR, Lee R, Wong, GS, Josse RG. Metabolic response to test meals containing different carbohydrate foods: 1. relationship between rate of digestion and plasma insulin response. Nutr Res. 1988 ; 8(6) : 573-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0271-5317(05)80071-5
  3. Jenkins DJ, Wolever TM, Jenkins AL. Starchy foods and glycemic index. Diabetes Care. 1988 ; 11(2) : 149-59. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.11.2.149
  4. Pi-Sunyer FX. Glycemic index and disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002 ; 76(suppl) : 290S-8S. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/76.1.290S
  5. Bornet FR, Fontvieille AM, Rizkalla S, Colonna P, Blayo A, Mercier C, Slama G. Insulin and glycemic responses in healthy humans to native starches processed in different ways: Correlation with in vitro $\alpha$-amylose hydrolysis. Am J Clin Nutr. 1989 ; 50(2) : 315-23. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/50.2.315
  6. Brand JC, Colagiuri S, crossman FS, Allen CA, Robert DCK, truswell AS. Low-glycemic index foods improve long-term glycemic control in NIDDM. Diabetes Care. 1991 ; 14(2) : 95-101. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.14.2.95
  7. Foster-Powell K, Holt SH, Brand-Miller JC. International table of glycemic index and glycemic load values:2002. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 ; 76(1) : 5-56.
  8. Lee JS. Studies on in vitro starch hydrolysis and glycemic index of Korean cereals and legumes. Graduate School of Hanyang University. 1996.
  9. Du H, van der A DL, van Bakel MM, van der Kallen CJ, Blaak EE, van Greevenbroek MM, Jansen EH, Nijpels G, Stehouwer CD, Dekker JM, Feskens EJ. Glycemic index and glycemic load in relation to food and nutrient intake and metabolic risk factors in a Dutch population. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 ; 87(3) : 655-61. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/87.3.655
  10. Riccardi G, Rivellese AA, Giacco R. Role of glycemic index and glycemic load in the healthy state, in prediabeties, and in diabetes. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 ; 87(1) : 269S-74S. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/87.1.269S
  11. Park ST, Jeong JC. Effects of Cheonghyul-san on blood glucose, hyperlipidemia, polyol pathway and reactive oxygen species in ob/ob mice. Korean J Orient physiol Pathol. 2008 ; 22(2) : 350-6.
  12. Fang YJ. Practical China Medical Internal Medicine, Shanghai : Shanghai Science and Technology Publishing. 1986 : 477.
  13. Xu YP. China Medical treatment of Endocrine metabolic diseases. Zhejiang : Zhejiang Science and Technology Publishing. 1992 : 239-43.
  14. Choi JS, chang SK, Cho CS, Kim CJ, Han DU. Effect of Sopyung-tang extract on blood glucose & antioxidant enzyme activites of streptozotocin -induced diabetic rats. Korean J Orient Int Med. 2008 ; 29(1) : 90-103.
  15. Ahn DK. Illustrated Book of Korean Medicinal Herbs. 7th rev. Korea : Kyo-Hak Publishing Co. 1998 : 702-945.
  16. Jung HS, Lee EJ, Lee JH, Kim JS, Kang SS. Phytochemical studies on Astragalus root (3)-Triterpenoids and sterols. Korean J Pharmacogn. 2008 ; 39(3) : 186-93.
  17. Hwang EY, hong JH, Choi JH, Lee EJ, Lee IS. Study on anti-obesity and hypoglycemic effects of Lycium chinense Mill extracts. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr. 2009 ; 38(11) : 1528-34. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2009.38.11.1528
  18. Im JG, Kang MS, Park IK, Kim SD. Dietary effect of Liriopis tuber water extracts on the level of blood glucose and serum cholesterol in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. J East Asian Soc Dietary Life. 2005 ; 15(1) : 20-8.
  19. Ahn DK. Shinnongbonchokyung. 1st rev. Korea : Esdang. 2012 : 61-4.
  20. Jung ED. The Effects of Citri Unshii Pericarpium and its constituents on the stomach antrum and the hyperlipidemia. Graduate School of KyungHee University. 2007.
  21. Hyon JS, Kang SM, Senevirathne M, Koh WJ, Yang TS, Oh MC, Oh CK, Jeon YJ, Kim SH. Antioxidative Activities of Dried and Fresh Citrus Peels in Jeju. Korean J Food Cookery Sci. 2010 ; 26(1) : 88-94.
  22. Kim JD. Literature on the quality and effect of Job's Tears (Coix lachryma -jobi L. var. mayuen S.). Korea Agric Hist Assoc. 2012 ; 11(1) : 89-122.
  23. Kim DJ, Oh SK, Lee JH, Yoon MR, Choi IS, Lee DH, Kim YG. Changes in quality properties of brown rice after germination. Korean J Food Sci Technol. 2012 ; 44(3) : 300-5. https://doi.org/10.9721/KJFST.2012.44.3.300
  24. Cho EK, Jung KI, Choi YJ. anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic effects of brown rice (Oryza saliva L.) extracts. J Life Sci. 2012 ; 22(1) : 126-31. https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2012.22.1.126
  25. Rao Q, Labuza TP. Effect of moisture content on selected physiochemical properties of two commercial hen egg white powders. Food Chemistry. 2012 ; 132(1) : 373-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.10.107
  26. AOAC. Official methods of analysis. 15th rev. Washington DC : Association of Analytical Chemists. 1984 : 210-9.
  27. Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randal RJ. Protein measurement with folinphenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951 ; 193(1) : 265-75.
  28. Nelson N. A photometric adoption of the somogyi method for determination of glucose. J Biol Chem. 1944 ; 153(2) : 375-81.
  29. Yun EK, Heo YR, Lim HS. Effects of Sasa Borealis Leaf Extract on the Glucose Tolerance of Major Foods for Carbohydrate. Korean J Nutr. 2010 ; 43(3) : 215-23. https://doi.org/10.4163/kjn.2010.43.3.215
  30. Lee SJ, Shin JH, Ju JC, Kang SK, Sung NJ. Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Effects of Orostachys japonicus with Medicinal Herbs in Streptozotocin- Induced Diabetic Rats. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr. 2013 ; 42(4) : 587-94. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2013.42.4.587
  31. Pruessner JC, Kirschbaum C, Meinlschmid G, Hellharmmer DH. Two formulas for computation of the area under the curve represent measures of total hormone concentration versus time-dependent change. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2003 ; 28(7) : 916-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4530(02)00108-7
  32. Kim MH, Chung HK. Review of food therapy and development of diet therapy program for diabetes mellitus in Sikrychanyo. Korean J Food Culture. 2013 ; 28(6) : 562-75. https://doi.org/10.7318/KJFC/2013.28.6.562
  33. Park KJ, Jin HS, Park SH, Kim EH, Kim JK. Antihyperglycemia effect of medicinal plants mixture in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Korean soc Food Sci Nutr. 2008 ; 37(12) : 1554-9. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2008.37.12.1554
  34. Lim JM, Kwon HJ, Yong SE, Choi JH, Lee CH, Kim TJ, Park PS, Choi YH, Kim EM, Park SY. Antioxidant Activity and Quality Characteristics of rice wine cakes cookies with different ratio of astragalus memvranaceus. Korean J Food Cookery Sci. 2013 ; 29(1) : 11-8. https://doi.org/10.9724/kfcs.2013.29.1.11
  35. Lee YK, Lee MY, Kim SD. Quality characteristics and dietary effect of Baguette bread added with water extracts of Liriopis Tuber on the blood glucose and serum cholesterol in diabetes induced rats. J East Asian Soc Dietary Life. 2004 ; 14(3) : 275-82.
  36. Park SH, Kim GY. Blood glucose level, insulin content and biochemical variables of complexcity extract from oriental medicinal plants on diabetes rats. Korean J Food Nutr. 2010 ; 23(2) : 258-68.
  37. Nam MS, Kim KR, Cho JH, Lee KM, Park HY, Lee EJ, Lim SK, Lee HC, Huh KB. A Study on the Folk remedies by the questionaries in Korean Diabetic Patients. Diabetic. 1994 ; 18(30) : 242-8.
  38. Park YJ, Lee YS, Hiramitsu S. Effect of coix on plasma cholesterol and lipid metabolism in rats. Korean J Nutr. 1988 ; 21(2) : 88-98.
  39. Park TS, Lee SY, Kim HJ, Kim KT, Kim YJ, Jeong IH, Do WN, Lee HJ. Extracts of Adlay, Barley and rice bran have antioxidant activity and modulate fatty acid metabolism in adipocytes. Korean J Food Nutr. 2009 ; 22(3) : 456-62.
  40. Lee JS, Lee JS, Yang CB, Shin HK. Blood glucose Response to some cereals and determination of their glycemic index to rice as the standard food. Korean J Nutr. 1997 ; 30(10) : 1170-9.
  41. Lee C, Shin JS. Effects of different fiber content of rice on blood glucose and triglyceride levels in normal subject. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr. 2002 ; 31(6) : 1048-51. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2002.31.6.1048
  42. Livesey G, Tagami H. Interventions to lower the glycemic response to carbohydrate foods with a low-viscosity fiber (resistant maltodextrin): meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 ; 89(1) : 114-25. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.26842
  43. Keogh JB, Lau CW, Noakes M, Bowen J, Clifton PM. Effects of meals with high soluble fibre, high amylose barley variant on glucose, insulin, satiety and thermic effect of food in healthy lean women. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2007 ; 61(5) : 597-604. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602564
  44. Roberts SB. High-glycemic index foods, hunger, and obesity: is there a connection?. Nutr Rev. 2000 ; 58(6) : 163-9.
  45. Haber GB, Heaton KW, Murphy D, Burroughs LF. Depletion and disruption of dietary fibre. effects on satiety, plasma-glucose, and serum-insulin. Lancet. 1977 ; 2(8040) : 679-82.
  46. O'Dea K, Nestel PJ, Antonoff L. Physical factors influencing postprandial glucose and insulin responses to starch. Am J clin Nutr. 1980 ; 33(4) : 760-5. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/33.4.760
  47. Song SJ, Choi HN, Lee SY, Park JM, Kim BR, Paik HY, Song YJ. Establishing a table of glycemic index values for common Korean Foods and an Evaluation of the dietary glycemic index among the Korean adult population. Korean J Nutr. 2012 ; 45(1) : 80-93. https://doi.org/10.4163/kjn.2012.45.1.80
  48. Sies H, Stahl W, Sevanian A. Nutritional, dietary and postprandial oxidative stress. J Nutr. 2005 ; 135(55) : 969-72. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/135.5.969
  49. Hennige AM, Burk DJ, Ozcan U, Kulkarni RN, Ye J, Park SM, Schubert M, Fisher TL, Dow MA, Leshan R, Zakaria M, Basha MM, White MF. Upregulation of insulin receptor substrate-2 in pancreatic $\beta$ cells prevents diabetes. J Clin Invest. 2003 ; 112(10) : 1521-32. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI18581
  50. Lee YT. Preparation and hypoglycemic effect of reconstituted grain added with selected medicinal herb extract. Korean J Food Sci Technol. 2003 ; 35(3) : 527-31.