Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers (대한환경공학회지)

Korean Society of Environmental Engineers (대한환경공학회)
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Selection of Domestic Test Species Suitable for Korean Soil Ecological Risk Assessment

토양생태 위해성평가를 위한 국내 서식 토양독성 시험종 선별 연구

  • Kim, Shin Woong (Department of Environmental Science, Konkuk University) ;
  • Kwak, Jin Il (Department of Environmental Science, Konkuk University) ;
  • Yoon, Jin-Yul (Department of Environmental Science, Konkuk University) ;
  • Jeong, Seung-Woo (Kunsan National University Department of Environmental Engineering) ;
  • An, Youn-Joo (Department of Environmental Science, Konkuk University)
  • Received : 2013.06.05
  • Accepted : 2014.05.12
  • Published : 2014.05.31
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Abstract

For an efficient and reasonable management scheme for protecting the soil environment, a soil ecological risk assessment (ERA) method should be developed prior to utilization, based on the contemporary uses and situations of each country. The Korean environmental policy focusing on soil protection is currently accelerating the development of the soil ecological risk assessment method. The soil ERA requires toxicological data on various trophic levels in the soil environment, and ultimately uses PNEC (Predicted No Effect Concentration), which is derived from collected toxicological data. Therefore, test species that are used to generate toxicity data are essential for conducting reliable ERA. This study aimed to select domestic test species for potential use in a reliable Korean ERA. Copper (Cu) and Nickel (Ni) were identified as target substances, with toxicity data (Cu, Ni) and standard test methods being collected to determine candidate species. The candidate species were first classified by soil trophic level, and then sorted into final domestic species. Forty out of 166 domestic species were determined as potential standard test species, whereas 17 out of 120 species were determined as potential Cu and Ni test species. Finally, this study presented potential soil test species based on the characteristics of the domestic soil environment, and established a preliminary step toward developing a reliable Korean soil ERA method.

합리적이며 효율적인 토양환경관리를 위해 대상 지역 혹은 국가의 상황과 조건에 적합한 토양생태위해성평가 기법을 개발하여 적극적으로 활용해야 한다. 우리나라의 경우도 수용체 중심의 환경정책이 본격화됨에 따라, 국내 실정에 맞는 토양생태위해성평가 기법의 개발이 요구되는 실정이다. 한편, 토양생태위해성평가는 다양한 영양단계 내 서식종의 독성자료를 필요로 하며, 독성자료 성격에 따라 예측무영향농도(Predicted No Effect Concentration, PNEC)를 산출하여 이용한다. 그러므로 독성자료 산출에 이용되는 시험종은 합리적이고 신뢰성 높은 위해성평가와 밀접한 연관성을 가진다. 따라서, 본 연구의 목적은 합리적이며 신뢰성 높은 국내형 토양생태위해성평가를 위해 필요한 국내 서식종을 선별하는 것이다. 구리와 니켈을 대상물질로 설정하였으며, 해당 오염물질의 독성자료를 수집하고, 국제 표준기관(ASTM, OECD, USEPA)에서 제시하는 표준 시험종을 조사하였다. 대상 시험종들은 영양단계별로 구분한 후 학술연구와 정부보고서, 생물도감 등을 통해 국내 서식종을 선별하였다. 본 연구결과. 표준시험종과 대상 물질 독성시험종은 각각 166, 120종으로 확인되었으며, 이 중 국내 서식종은 40, 17종인 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 본 연구에서는 국내 특성을 반영한 국내 서식종 선별자료를 아울러 제시하여 국내형 토양생태위해성평가 기법 수립의 기반을 조성하고자 하였다.

Keywords

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