Journal of Plant Biotechnology

  • 제41권4호
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  • Pages.169-179
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  • 2014
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  • 1229-2818(pISSN)
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  • 2384-1397(eISSN)
한국식물생명공학회 (The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology)
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식물의 지용성 항산화 물질 생산 증대를 위한 대사공학 연구현황

Metabolic engineering for biofortification of lipophilic antioxidants in plants

  • 김은하 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생명자원부) ;
  • 이경렬 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생명자원부) ;
  • 김종범 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생명자원부) ;
  • 노경희 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생명자원부) ;
  • 강한철 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생명자원부) ;
  • 김현욱 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생명자원부)
  • Kim, Eun-Ha (Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Kyeong-Ryeol (Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Jong-Bum (Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Roh, Kyung Hee (Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kang, Han Chul (Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Hyun Uk (Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • 투고 : 2014.10.08
  • 심사 : 2014.10.27
  • 발행 : 2014.12.31
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초록

세포내에는 비효소적 반응으로 활성산소류를 제거하는 소분자의 항산화 물질과 과산소와 하이드로페록사이드를 분해하는 효소들이 존재한다. 항산화 시스템은 자유라디칼과 활성산소류를 제거함으로써 산화스트레스로부터 세포 구성요소들을 보호하는 역할을 한다. 비효소적 항산화 물질은 지용성과 친수성이 있는데, 지용성 물질들은 세포막에 위치하며 과산화지질이 형성되는 반응을 억제한다. 카로테노이드와 비타민E, $CoQ_{10}$은 세포 내에서 주요 지용성 항산화 물질로써, 이들이 대량으로 축적된 주요 작물의 개발은 영양학적 가치가 높은 식품을 생산할 수 있다. 본 총설에서는 식물에서 카로테노이드와 비타민E, $CoQ_{10}$의 생합성 경로와 대사공학을 이용한 영양강화 연구 현황을 기술하였다.

Intracellular antioxidants include low molecular weight scavengers of oxidizing species, and enzymes which degrade superoxide and hydroperoxides. Such antioxidants systems prevent oxidative damage to cellular component by scavenging free radicals and activated oxygen species. Hydrophobic scavengers are found in cell membrane where they interrupt chain reactions of lipid peroxidation. The three major lipophilic antioxidant classes for human health are carotenoids, vitamin E and coenzyme Q10. The biofortification of staple crops with these lipid soluble antioxidants is an attractive strategy to increase the nutritional quality of human food. Here, we have summarized the biosynthetic pathways of three lipid soluble antioxidants in plants and current status of genetic engineered plants for elevated levels of each lipophilic antioxidant.

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