Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education (한국과학교육학회지)

The Korean Association for Science Education (한국과학교육학회)
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Comparison of Four Factors: Reasons for Jobs, Science and Math Preferences, Interests in Science, and Science Aspirations for Children Hoping for Careers in Science, Engineering or Medicine

이공계와 의약계 진로 희망 초등학생의 진로 선택 이유, 과학과목과 수학과목 선호도, 과학에 대한 흥미, 과학적 포부 비교

  • Received : 2014.11.25
  • Accepted : 2014.12.19
  • Published : 2014.12.31
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Abstract

Elementary children, hoping for jobs in science/engineering(Sci/Eng) or medicine(Med), were surveyed on the reasons for jobs, science/math preferences, interests in science, and science aspirations. For 3rd grade boys, twice more students picked Sci/Eng than Med choices. However, for 6th grade boys, the numbers of Sci/Eng and Med became close. The ratios of girls with Sci/Eng in 3rd and 6th grade did not differ much. The 6th graders chosing Med was 1.4 times bigger than 3rd graders for both boys and girls. For students with Sci/Eng, the most important reason for a job was that he/she liked it. For Med, helping others was as much important as doing what he/she liked. Science preference were the highest in the Sci/Eng group. The Med group came next with the non-science group being last. Math preferences were lower than the science preferences. Therefore, children need to be guided to increase the preferences for math as well as for science to keep the Sci/Eng and Med career choices. The interests in science and the science aspirations show similar patterns. The 3rd graders showed higher value than the 6th graders, the boys higher than girls, and the Sci/Eng group highest, the Med the second and non-science group the last. Science aspirations were higher than the interests only for the Sci/Eng group, while it was lower than the interests in all other groups. This implies that science aspirations might have bigger influence on getting a career in Sci/Eng than interest does.

이공계 또는 의약계 직업을 희망하는 초등학생의 진로선택이유, 과학/수학 과목 선호도, 과학에 대한 흥미, 과학적 포부를 조사하여. 과학 관련 진로지도에 시사점을 얻고자 하였다. 이공계 희망 여학생의 비율은 낮지만 학년 차이가 크지 않은 반면, 이공계 희망 남학생의 비율은 6학년이 3학년의 절반에 가까웠다. 의약계 희망 학생 비율은 남녀 학생 모두 6학년이 3학년보다 1.4배 많았다. 이러한 차이로 인해 3학년에서 이공계 희망 학생 비율은 의약계 학생의 두 배였지만 6학년에서는 두 계열이 거의 같았다. 진로 선택 이유에서 희망 직업이 이공계인 경우 하고 싶다는 이유가 가장 중요했고, 사회에 필요한 일이라는 점이 그 다음이었다. 의약계의 경우는 다른 사람을 도울 수 있다는 점과 하고 싶은 일이라는 점이 거의 비슷했고 부모의 권유나 소득보다 두세 배 중요해서 이전 연구와 다른 결과를 보였다. 돕기는 여학생들이 중요하게 생각한 진로 선택 이유이기도 하다. 이는 과학관련 진로 지도에서 그 직업을 통해 사람들을 도울 수 있다는 점이 비중 있게 고려되어야 함을 시사한다. 과학과목 선호도는 이공계가 가장 높고, 의약계, 기타 진로의 순서이다. 수학과목 선호도는 과학 과목 선호도 보다 낮으며, 이공계와 의약계가 비슷하고, 기타가 그 보다 낮다. 학년이 올라갈수록 수학의 비중이 커지는 점을 고려할 때 초등학생의 이공계와 의약계 진로 희망이 지속되려면 과학과목과 더불어 수학을 좋아하고 잘하도록 지도할 필요가 있다. 과학에 대한 흥미와 과학적 포부는 3학년이 6학년보다, 남학생이 여학생보다 높으며, 이공계가 가장 높고, 의약계, 기타의 순으로 값이 낮아지는 분포를 보이고 있다. 그런데 이공계 집단만 포부 값이 흥미값보다 높고 학년별, 성별, 진로별로 나누어진 다른 모든 집단에서 포부값이 흥미값보다 낮다. 이는 과학에 대한 흥미보다 과학적 포부가 이공계 진로 결정에서 보다 결정적인 요인이 될 수 있는 가능성을 보여준다.

Keywords

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