Ocean and Polar Research

Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (한국해양과학기술원)
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Control of Manganese Nodule Characteristics by Volcanic Activity in the NE Equatorial Pacific

북동 태평양 KR1 광구의 망간단괴 산출특성

  • Kim, Wonnyon (Deep-sea and Seabed Mineral Resources Research Center, KIOST) ;
  • Yang, Seung Jin (Deep-sea and Seabed Mineral Resources Research Center, KIOST) ;
  • Chi, Sang-Bum (Deep-sea and Seabed Mineral Resources Research Center, KIOST) ;
  • Lee, Hyun-Bok (South Sea Research Institute, KIOST)
  • 김원년 (한국해양과학기술원 심해저광물자원연구센터) ;
  • 양승진 (한국해양과학기술원 심해저광물자원연구센터) ;
  • 지상범 (한국해양과학기술원 심해저광물자원연구센터) ;
  • 이현복 (한국해양과학기술원 남해연구소)
  • Received : 2014.09.30
  • Accepted : 2014.11.11
  • Published : 2014.12.30
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Abstract

Korea contract Mn-nodule field in the NE equatorial Pacific is composed of seven sectors with average water depths of 4,513-5,025 m. Of the various factors controlling the properties of Mn-nodule, it seems that water depth is likely connected to the chemical composition and occurrence of nodules. To test whether such an assumption held in each sector, we reviewed previous research data accumulated since 1994 for one of the northern sectors (hereafter KR1) where there are stark contrasts in water depth. High-resolution seabed mapping clearly separates a northern part (KR1N) from a deeper southern part (KR1S), cutting across in the middle of the KR1. In addition, significant volcanic activities forming numerous seamounts are distinctive especially in KR1N. In terms of nodule occurrence, manganese nodules in KR1S are comparatively larger (2-4 cm) with a discoidal shape, while those in KR1N are generally small (<2 cm) with poly-lobate and irregular shapes. Nodules in KR1N also have lower Co, Cu, Mn and Ni, and higher Fe contents. The spatial separation in nodule characteristics might be caused by volcanic activities in KR1N rather than water depth contrast. During the formation of the seamounts in KR1N, rock fragments and volcanic ashes as new nuclei of the nodules would have been continuously generated. As a result, the nodules could not grow larger than 2 cm and display the shapes of a newbie (i.e., irregular and poly-lobate shapes). Moreover, significant Fe supply from volcanic activities probably decreases the Mn/Fe ratio, which may lead to the KR1 nodules being misinterpreted as a hydrogenic in origin compared to other sectors where a high Mn/Fe ratio is present.

Keywords

References

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