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Influence of Bicarbonate Concentrations in Irrigation Solution on Growth of Lettuce and Changes in Chemical Properties of Root Media

원수의 중탄산 농도가 근권 화학성 변화 및 상추의 생장에 미치는 영향

  • Shin, Bo Kyoung (Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Son, Jung Eek (Department of Plant Science and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University) ;
  • Choi, Jong Myung (Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University)
  • 신보경 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 원예학과) ;
  • 손정익 (서울대학교 농업생명과학대학 식물생산과학부) ;
  • 최종명 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 원예학과)
  • Received : 2013.03.06
  • Accepted : 2013.03.14
  • Published : 2013.03.31

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the influences of bicarbonate ($HCO_3^-$) concentrations in irrigation solution on growth of lettuce and change in chemical properties of root media. The blue leaf and red leaf lettuces with two true leaf stages were transplanted into 10 cm diameter plastic pots filled with perlite. The five treatments were made by dissolving $NaHCO_3$ into irrigation solution to reach 30, 70, 110, 150 and $180mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ $HCO_3^-$. The crops were fed with fertilizer solution contained $HCO_3^-$ with various concentrations and controlled to $100mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ in nitrogen concentration. The pH in soil solution of root media 10 weeks after transplant of blue lettuces were 7.04 and 7.10 in the treatments of 30 and $70mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ of $HCO_3^-$, respectively. But those rose gradually after week 3 and finally reached 7.39, 7.48 and 7.56 at week 10 in the treatments of 110, 150 and $180mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;HCO_3^-$, respectively. The pH in the treatments of 30 and $70mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;HCO_3^-$ in cultivation of red leaf lettuce were around 6.65 during week 4 to week 8, but this rose abruptly and reached 6.92 and 7.01 at week 10, respectively. Those in the treatments of 110, 150, and $180mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;HCO_3^-$ rose gradually and finally reached to 7.49, 7.53, and 7.58, respectively. The EC rose gradually after week 2 in all treatments of blue and red leaf lettuces. The change of macro ion concentrations in both blue and red leaf lettuces showed similar trends. The concentrations of $PO_4-P$, $Ca^{2+}$ and $Mg^{2+}$ increased gradually in all treatments of $HCO_3^-$ during cultivation of blue and red leaf lettuces. As the concentrations of $HCO_3^-$ in irrigation solution were elevated, the concentrations of $PO_4-P$, $Ca^{2+}$ and $Mg^{2+}$ became higher and that of ${SO_4}^{-2}$ became lower in soil solution of root media. The main reason of concentration changes were that $HCO_3^-$ influenced pH and the pH changes also affect the activities of the ions in soil solution of root media.

관개수의 중탄산 농도가 상추의 생장 및 근권 환경 변화에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위해 본 연구를 수행하였다. 펄라이트를 직경 10cm의 플라스틱 화분에 충전하고 청축면 및 적축면 상추를 정식하였다. 중성비료를 이용하여 질소기준 $100mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$로 농도를 조절하여 시비하였고, 관비용액에 중탄산($HCO_3^-$) 농도를 30, 70, 110, 150, 및 $180mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$로 조절한 처리를 만들어 실험하였다. 청축면 상추를 재배하면서 중탄산 농도가 30과 $70mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 로 조절한 처리는 관비 시작 후 10주차에 pH가 7.04 및 7.10로 높아졌고, 110, 150 및 $180mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 처리의 경우 처리 3주차 이후로 꾸준히 상승하여 10주에는 각각 pH 7.39, 7.48 과 7.56으로 측정되었다. 적축면 상추는 근권부 pH 및 EC가 완만하게 상승하였다. 중탄산을 30과 $70mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$로 조절한 처리의 경우 4주차에서 8주차까지 pH가 평균 6.65로 유지하다가 8주차 이후 상승하여 각각 6.92 및 7.01로 측정되었다. 중탄산 110, 150 및 $180mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 처리는 6주차 이후에 pH가 꾸준히 상승하여 10주차에는 각각 7.49, 7.53 및 7.58로 측정되었다. EC의 경우 모든 처리에서 2주차 이후 완만하게 상승하였다. 청축면과 적축면 상추를 재배하면서 근권부 무기 이온 농도변화를 분석한 결과 모든 처리에서 각 이온의 농도가 유사한 경향을 보이며 변하는 특징을 나타내었다. 재배기간이 경과함에 따라 초기보다 $PO_{4-}P$, $Ca^{2+}$$Mg^{2+}$ 농도가 상승하였고, ${SO_4}^{-2}$ 농도가 낮아졌다. 근권부 무기 원소 농도 변화는 중탄산에 의한 pH 상승이 주요 원인이라고 판단하였다.

Keywords

References

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