Journal of Gifted/Talented Education (영재교육연구)

The Korean Society for the Gifted (한국영재학회)
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Analysis on the Variability of Cerebral Cortex per Intellectual Category in Adolescents

청소년의 지능범주별 대뇌피질 변화성 분석 연구

  • Received : 2013.05.27
  • Accepted : 2013.06.27
  • Published : 2013.06.30
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Abstract

The brains of adolescents experience rapid changes, which has been studied to prove relatedness between neuroanatomical properties and IQ. But, most previous studies infer the relatedness from purely cross-sectional data. This study not only measured the thickness of the cerebral cortex once, but traced its variability and the relatedness between IQ and this variability, which was presumed to be 75. Healthy adolescents (M=16yr. and 4month) were divided into 5-stage categories based on their intellectual ability and MRI scan was made twice every 6 months to measure the variablity of their cerebral cortex. As a result, a big difference in the variability of the cerebral cortex was shown based on their IQ. Three groups with an IQ of more than 120 showed a decrease in the thickness of the cerebral cortex in 11 brain regions, while two groups with an IQ lower than 120 showed an increase in the cerebral cortex thickness in 5 to 8 regions. It is presumed that the lower the IQ, the slower the maturation of the cerebral cortex.

청소년들의 뇌는 급속한 변화를 겪는다. 그동안 신경해부학적 특성과 일반지능(IQ)과의 관련성을 알아보기 위한 연구가 지속적으로 이뤄져 왔으나 대부분 단편적이었다. 본 연구는 단순히 대뇌 피질 두께를 한 번 측정한 것이 아니고, 대뇌 피질 두께의 변화를 추적하여 일반지능과 그 변화 간의 관련성을 추정하였다. 건강한 청소년 75명(M=16세 4개월)을 5단계의 지능범주별로 나눈 뒤 6개월의 간격을 두고 MRI 촬영을 두 번씩 하여 대뇌 피질 두께 변화를 알아냈다. 그 결과 일반지능 범주별로 대뇌 피질 두께 변화에 차이가 크게 나타났다. 일반지능이 120 이상인 세 그룹은 관찰 대상인 11개 뇌 영역의 대뇌 피질 두께가 모두 감소했으나, 그 이하의 두 개 그룹에서는 지능이 낮을수록 늘어나는 영역이 5~8개나 됐다. 이는 일반지능이 낮을수록 대뇌피질의 성숙이 늦어지는 것으로 추정할 수 있다.

Keywords

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