DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

국제기구의 환경보건 분야 동향

Environment and Health: An Overview of Current Trends at WHO and OECD

  • Park, Jeongim (Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Soonchunhyang University)
  • 투고 : 2013.08.12
  • 심사 : 2013.08.26
  • 발행 : 2013.08.31

초록

Background: Environmental hazards are responsible for as much as a quarter of the total world-wide burden of disease. Therefore, appropriate management of environmental hazards is a critical part of the effort to improve human health. This review aims to summarize current issues, topics, and programs at international institutions such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) in the area of environmental health. Results: The WHO European Center for Environmental Health (ECEH) plays a significant role in implementing environmental health policies and also takes the lead in related issues in Europe. It has developed an Environmental Health Information System and environmental health inequality indicators. In the environmental health area, the OECD focuses most on chemical management programs. It foresees that air pollution and chemical risk management will become the leading environmental health issues if appropriate measures are not taken. Several topics were identified that require greater effort in Korea, including cancer as an environment-related disease, an environmental health information system, and environmental health inequality issues. Conclusions: More active roles are expected from Korea in international societies, in part because of the introduction of the Environmental Health Act of 2008, and active involvement in related activities in WHO WPRO/SEARO. Understanding recent developments and concerns at major international organizations like WHO and the OECD will assist in the implementation of effective international collaboration and the identification of a better strategies for improving environmental health performances in Korea.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. World Health Organization. Global Health Observatory (GHO). Available: http://www.who.int/gho/phe/en/index.html [accessed 10 August 2013].
  2. United Nations. Millennium development goals. New York: UN Press; 2000.
  3. United Nations. Sustainable development knowledge platform. Available: http://sustainabledevelopment.un.org [accessed 10 August 2013].
  4. Ministry of Environment. Environmental Health Master Plan (2011-2020). Korea: Ministry of Environment Press; 2010.
  5. Korea Institute of Science & Technology Evaluation and Planning (KISTEP). Mid and Long-term Master Plan for International Cooperation of S&T. Korea: Ministry of Education and Science Technology Press; 2012.
  6. World Health Organization. WHO Organigram. Available: http://www.who.int/about/structure/organigram/en/index.html [accessed 10 August 2013].
  7. World Health Organization. The Department of Public Health and Environment. Available: http://www.who.int/phe/about_us/en/ [accessed 10 August 2013].
  8. World Health Organization. Public Health and Environmental Health Topics. Available: http://www.who.int/phe/health_topics/en/ [accessed 10 August 2013].
  9. World Health Organization. International Conference on Environmental and Occupational Determinants of Cancer: Interventions for Primary Prevention. Available: http://www.who.int/phe/news/ events/international_conference/en/index.html [accessed 10 August 2013].
  10. World Health Organization. Asturias Declaration: A Call to Action. Available: http://www.who.int/phe/ news/events/international_conference/ Call_for_action_en.pdf [accessed 10 August 2013].
  11. Danaei G, Hoorn SV, Lopez AD, Murray CJL, Ezzati M, the Comparative Risk Assessment collaborating group (Cancers). Causes of cancer in the world: comparative risk assessment of nine behavioral and environmental risk factors. Lancet. 2005; 366(9499): 1784-1793. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67725-2
  12. Pruss-Ustun A, Corvalan C, Preventing disease through healthy environments. Towards an estimate of the environmental burden of disease. Geneva: WHO Press; 2006.
  13. United Nations Environment Programme. Health and Environment in Europe: Progress Assessment. Available: http://www.unep.org/roa/hesa/Home/tabid/2994/Default.aspx [accessed 10 August 2013].
  14. World Health Organization. Health and environment in Europe: progress assessment. Available: http://www.euro.who.int/_data/assets/pdf_file/0010/96463/E93556.pdf [accessed 10 August 2013].
  15. World Health Organization. Environmental Health Inequalities in Europe. Available: http://www. euro.who.int/_data/assets/pdf_file/0010/157969/e96194. pdf [accessed 10 August 2013].
  16. Braubach M, Martuzzi M, Racioppi F, Krzyzanowski M. On the way to Parma: understanding and addressing the influence that social inequities have on environmental health. Eur J Public Health. 2010; 20(1): 12-13. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckp215
  17. Bolte G, Tamburlini G, Kohlhuber M. Environmental inequalities among children in Europe-evaluation of scientific evidence and policy implications. Eur J Public Health. 2010; 20(1): 14-20. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckp213
  18. Martuzzi M, Mitis F, Forastiere F. Inequalities, inequities, environmental justice in waste management and health. Eur J Public Health. 2010; 20(1): 21-26. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckp216
  19. Deguen S, Zmirou-Navier D. Social inequalities resulting from health risks related to ambient air quality-A European review. Eur J Public Health. 2010; 20(1): 27-35. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckp220
  20. Braubach M, Fairburn J. Social inequities in environmental risks associated with housing and residential location-a review of evidence. Eur J Public Health. 2010; 20(1): 36-42. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckp221
  21. Regional Forum on Environment and Health in Southeast and East Asian Countries. The Regional Forum. Available: http://www.environment-health.asia/ initiative.cfm [accessed 10 August 2013].
  22. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Who Drives the OECD's Work?. Available: http://www.oecd.org/about/whodoeswhat [accessed 10 August 2013].
  23. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Available: http://www.oecd.org/env/2013-2014Brochure.pdf [accessed 10 August 2013].
  24. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). The Environment, Health and Safety Programme: Managing Chemicals through OECD, 2009-2012. Available: http://www.oecd.org/env/ehs/1900785.pdf [accessed 10 August 2013].
  25. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Guidance on Developing Safety Performance Indicators related to Chemical Accident Prevention, Preparedness and Response, 2nd edition. Available: http://www.oecd.org/chemicalsafety/risk-management/41269639.pdf [accessed 10 August 2013].
  26. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). OECD ENVIRONMENTAL OUTLOOK TO 2050: The Consequences of Inaction- HIGHLIGHTS. Available: http://www.oecd.org/ environment/indicators-modelling-outlooks/49846090.pdf [accessed 10 August 2013].
  27. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). OECD Environmental Outlook. Paris, France; OECD; 2001. OECD Publishing. Available: http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/environment /oecd-environmental-outlook_9789264188563-en [accessed 10 August 2013].
  28. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). OECD Environmental Outlook to 2030. Publishing. Available: http://www. oecd-ilibrary.org/environment/oecd-environmentaloutlook- to-2030_ 9789264040519-en [accessed 10 August 2013].
  29. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). OECD Environmental Outlook to 2050: The Consequences of Inaction. Available: http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/environment/oecdenvironmental- outlook-to-2050_9789264122246-en [accessed 10 August 2013].