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Quality Characteristics and Glycemic Index of Oatmeal Cookies Made with Artificial Sweeteners

대체감미료를 첨가한 오트밀쿠키의 품질 특성 및 혈당에 미치는 영향

  • Bang, Son Kwon (Dept. of Biological Science, Division of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Hoseo University) ;
  • Son, Eun-Jung (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Division of Biotechnology Industry, Institute of Basic Science, College of Natural Science, Hoseo University) ;
  • Kim, Hyo-Jin (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Division of Biotechnology Industry, Institute of Basic Science, College of Natural Science, Hoseo University) ;
  • Park, Sunmin (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Division of Biotechnology Industry, Institute of Basic Science, College of Natural Science, Hoseo University)
  • 방선권 (호서대학교 자연과학대학 기초과학연구소 생명과학부 생명과학전공) ;
  • 손은정 (호서대학교 자연과학대학 기초과학연구소 바이오산업학부 식품영양학전공) ;
  • 김효진 (호서대학교 자연과학대학 기초과학연구소 바이오산업학부 식품영양학전공) ;
  • 박선민 (호서대학교 자연과학대학 기초과학연구소 바이오산업학부 식품영양학전공)
  • Received : 2013.02.12
  • Accepted : 2013.05.01
  • Published : 2013.06.30

Abstract

This study investigated the optimal composition of sugar and artificial sweeteners in oatmeal cookies. Modified cookies were examined for their quality characteristics and glycemic index in humans. Oatmeal cookies with various amounts of sugar (20, 30, or 40%) were made to the equivalent sweetness of 100% sugar cookies (the control) with sucralose and stevioside. The density and acidity of cookie dough were not significantly different between the different cookie groups. However, baking loss and the spread index were significantly lower in the 100% sugar cookie group compared to cookies supplemented with artificial sweeteners. The color lightness (L value) and redness (a value) were highest in 30% and 100% sugar cookies, respectively. The strength of the cookies was negatively correlated with sugar content. In sensory evaluations, scores for taste, color and texture were higher in 30% and 40% sugar cookies, respectively, but the overall preference was higher in 30% sugar cookies. We therefore tested 30% and 100% sugar cookies for their glycemic index in college students. After overnight-fasted students consumed either 30% or 100% sugar cookies (containing 50 g of carbohydrate in dough weight), blood glucose levels increased 27.8 and 15.7 mg/dL, respectively, at 1 hour from the baseline. However, at 2 hours from the baseline, students who consumed 100% sugar cookies had a remarkably lowered blood glucose levels. Students who consumed 30% sugar cookies did not have as much of a change in blood glucose levels. In conclusion, 30% sugar oatmeal cookies made with sucralose and stevioside can be used to make a low-sugar cookie with a low glycemic index.

본 연구는 인공감미료인 수크랄로스와 스테비오사이드를 사용하여 쿠키를 만들 때 최적 배합비를 제시하고 품질 특성을 규명하며 제시된 최적의 배합비로 제조된 쿠키의 혈당 강하 효과를 규명하고자 수행되었다. 설탕 100%의 쿠키를 대조군으로 하고 실험군 쿠키는 설탕의 비율을 20%, 30%, 40%로 첨가하고 설탕 부족은 수크랄로스와 스테비오스와 한천으로 맞추어 쿠키를 만들어 품질 특성을 조사하였다. 그 결과 쿠키 반죽의 밀도와 산도는 대조군과 실험군에서 유의적인 차이는 보이지 않았다. 쿠키의 설탕 첨가량에 따라 굽기 손실량은 수분 손실량으로 인한 것으로 설탕의 함량이 증가할수록 손실량도 함께 증가하였다. 쿠키의 퍼짐성 지수는 설탕의 첨가량이 증가할수록 감소하여 설탕량이 많을수록 직경이 감소함에 따라 두께는 증가하였다. 쿠키의 색도 측정 결과 명도는 설탕을 30% 첨가한 쿠키의 명도가 가장 높았으며 적색도는 100% 설탕 쿠키의 값이 가장 크게 나타났다. 경도에서는 설탕의 함량이 증가하고 한천의 함량이 감소함에 따라서 positive peak forces 값이 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 관능 평가 결과는 외관에서는 30% 설탕 첨가 쿠키가 가장 높은 점수를 받았으며 향, 맛, 질감에서는 40% 설탕 첨가 쿠키에서 가장 높은 선호도를 보여주었다. 전체적인 선호도 항목에서는 30% 설탕 첨가 쿠키가 가장 높은 점수를 받았다. 설탕 대체 감미료와 한천을 첨가한 30~40% 설탕 쿠키가 외관, 향, 맛, 조직감, 선호도에서 첨가군이 대조군보다 높은 점수를 받았다. 실험 결과를 종합해서 볼 때 대체 감미료를 첨가한 쿠키의 품질특성은 설탕을 30% 정도 함유한 쿠키가 가장 좋은 결과를 나타내었다. 이런 결과에 따라 30%의 설탕 첨가 쿠키와 대조군을 50 g 탄수화물로 환산하여 대학생들이 섭취한 후에 0, 1, 2시간 후에 혈당 실험을 실행하였을 때 100% 설탕 쿠키를 대조군으로 하여 실험한 결과 쿠키 섭취 후 1시간이 경과 후 대조군은 27.8 mg/dL, 실험군은 15.7 mg/dL가 증가하였다. 2시간 경과 후에는 대조군의 혈당 수치가 1시간과 비교하였을 때 급격하게 감소하였지만 설탕 30% 쿠키에서는 큰 변화를 보이지 않았다. 결론적으로 설탕을 30% 첨가한 쿠키가 품질도 높고 관능검사 시 선호도도 높으며, 열량도 낮고 혈당지수에도 좋은 영향을 나타내었다.

Keywords

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