Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science (한국산림과학회지)

Korean Society of Forest Science (한국산림과학회)
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A Reconsideration of the List of National Endemic Plants (appendix 4-1) Under the Creation and Furtherance of Arboretums Act Proposed by Korea Forest Service

산림청 수목원 조성 및 진흥에 관한 법률의 특산식물 목록의 재고

  • Park, Soo Kyung (Department of Forest Sciences and The Arboretum, Seoul National University) ;
  • Gil, Hee-Young (Department of Forest Sciences and The Arboretum, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Hui (Department of Medicinal Plants Resources, Mokpo National University) ;
  • Chang, Chin-Sung (Department of Forest Sciences and The Arboretum, Seoul National University)
  • 박수경 (서울대학교 산림과학부 및 수목원) ;
  • 길희영 (서울대학교 산림과학부 및 수목원) ;
  • 김휘 (목포대학교 한약자원학과) ;
  • 장진성 (서울대학교 산림과학부 및 수목원)
  • Published : 2013.03.31
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Abstract

The existence of endemism in many parts of the world is an important factor for conservationists. Conservation can only be carried out under national legislation, and national endemics, which have very limited ranges, fully depend on the effort and success of conservation. A total of 523 vascular plant taxa were listed in the latest national checklist by Ministry of Environment in 2005, while the 'Creation and Furtherance of Arboretums Act' including a national endemic list (appendix 4-1) was established by Korea Forest Service and was legislated as a law in late 2011. This legislation by Korea Forest Service on endemism of Korean vascular plants have required much attention because of discrepancies of nomenclature, taxonomic bias and inflation. Examining data for both lists proposed by Ministry of Environment and Korea Forest Service, of the total of 360 legislated taxa, around 286 taxa are shared with the list of Ministry of Environment, of which about 80% have been found as common taxa. Around 67(18.7%) are typographic errors, and 14 taxa (3.9%) are recorded as illegitimate and invalidly published names. Through this analysis 12 taxa (3.4%) were found in China as well as in Korea and these are thought to be non Korean endemic taxa. Taken together, the legislated list displayed 1/4 (24.9%) errors out of the total list. Only 59 taxa (16.5%) are identified as national endemic species. The remainder are either unresolved candidates (73 taxa, 20.4%) or synonyms (196 taxa, 54.7%) status. It must be noted, that the concept of endemism very much depends on the knowledge of the species concept, taxonomic bias and geographical range of a species. Also, the most major nomenclatural problem tend to be more stable if the information on database about Korea Plant Name, which is managed by Korea National Arboretum are well updated year to year. These exaggerated numbers underscore the urgency for regional conservation planning and implementing effective strategies to preserve these real endemic taxa into the future.

각 국가별로 고유종(혹은 특산종)은 보전생물학자들의 관심 대상이 되며 국가의 법률 시행에 의해 각 국가별로 분포의 제한이 되는 특산식물에 대한 관리를 하게 된다. 국가 기관인 환경부에서는 2005년도에 고유종목록을 출간하였고, 2011년 산림청에서는 수목원 조성 및 진흥에 관한 법률 시행 규칙 중[별표 1의 4] 특산식물 목록을 법으로 공표하였다. 이 법의 목록을 중심으로 법제화된 목록에서 제시된 빈번한 학명의 오류와 잘못된 종의 개념에 의한 목록을 점검할 필요가 있어 본 연구를 시도하였다. 환경부는 527종, 산림청은 360종의 목록을 발표하였는데 양 국가 기관에서 공통으로 언급한 종은 환경부 목록의 품종(107) 수를 제외한 분류군(416)으로 계산하면 286종으로 산림청 목록의 약 80%에 해당된다. 산림청의 특산식물 목록을 근간으로 분석한 결과, 확인되는 단순 오타 오류는 67개(18.7%), 서명과 나명의 비합법적으로 발표한 이름은 모두 14종(3.9%)이며, 중국에 분포해서 특산식물에서 배제되어야 하는 12종(3.4%) 등 전체 목록의 4분의 1(24.9%)이 오류에 해당된다. 반면, 목록 중 분류학적 연구와 검토가 불충분해서 분류군의 실체를 인정하기 어려운 분류군(미해결후보종, unresolved candidates)인 73종(19.6%), 분류학적 이명으로 확인된 196종(55.5%)을 제외하면 특산식물은 59종(16.5%)에 불과하였다. 본 연구 결과에 의하면, 이런 특산식물 목록의 오류는 종에 대한 개념 문제, 해당 종에 대한 정보 부족, 그리고 국가기관의 학명관련 데이터베이스의 오류에 대한 수정이 없는 잘못된 정보의 제공이 원인이다. 실제 고유종 대상이 되는 종들의 보전관리가 시급하게 필요함에도 불구하고, 현재의 과도한 고유종 선정에 의해 상대적인 관심에서 멀어져 미래에 멸종위기에 대한 문제를 자초하는 우를 범할 수 있다.

Keywords

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