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Effect of Low Temperature-Darkness Treatment on Floral Initiation and Flowering Response of Korean Strawberry Cultivars

저온암흑처리가 국내 육성 신품종 딸기의 화아분화에 미치는 영향

  • Received : 2013.04.24
  • Accepted : 2013.08.13
  • Published : 2013.12.31

Abstract

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of low temperature-darkness treatment on floral initiation in four kinds of Korean strawberry cultivars. Mother plants were planted on March 29 and daughter plants were raised for the experiment. Temperature treatment was done for 7, 14, and 21 days keeping $13^{\circ}C$ in cooling storage from August 29, September 5 and September 14 to September 21. After the treatment, flower bud initiation was examined by a microscope, and the seedlings were transplanted on hydroponic system with Yamazaki's strawberry solution of EC $0.8dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ to check the flowering. 'Ssanta' and 'Maehyang' showed early flower bud initiation in 7 days treatment than 'Seolhyang' by microscope check. 'Ssanta', 'Daewang', and 'Maehyang' showed early flower bud initiation in 14 days treatment than 'Seolhyang'. There were no differences among the treatments in 21 days treatment. Percentage of flowering of 'Seolhyang' and 'Maehyang' by low temperature-darkness treatment didn't show any difference but 'Daewang' and 'Ssanta' showed high percentage of flowering. It suggested that low temperature-darkness treatment technique can be use for improving early flowering and yield of 'Ssanta' and 'Daewang' cultivars.

저온암흑처리가 국내 육성 신품종 딸기의 화아분화에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 실험을 수행하였다. 3월 29일에 모주를 정식하여 8월 2일에 런너를 절단하여 육성시킨 자묘를 7일간, 14일간, 그리고 21일간 $13^{\circ}C$ 저온저장고에서 저온암흑처리를 하였는데, 정식일인 2010년 9월 20일을 기준으로 역산하여 8월 21일에 3주간 처리, 9월 5일에 14일간 처리, 9월 12일에 7일간 처리를 각각 개시하였다. 처리 후에는 각각의 처리구별로 실체 현미경을 사용하여 형태적인 화아분화를 확인하였다. 또한, 저온암흑 처리한 딸기묘를 9월 20일에 고설수경재배 시스템에 일제히 정식하고 야마자키 조성딸기배양액을 EC $0.8dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$로 공급하여 재배하면서 처리별로 출뢰 및 개화를 조사하였다. 현미경으로 화아분화를 검경한 결과, 7일간의 저온암흑처리에서 '싼타'와 '매향'이 현저하게 빠른 화아분화를 나타내었다. 14일간의 처리구에서는 '설향'을 제외한 '싼타', '대왕', 그리고 '매향'은 현저하게 화아분화가 촉진되었다. 21일간의 처리구에서는 품종간에 유의성 있는 차이가 없었으며 다른 처리구에 비하여 화아분화의 진행이 늦었다. 정식 후의 개화율은 '설향'과 '매향'은 대조구인 무처리구와 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 그러나, '싼타'와 '대왕'은 대조구에 비하여 현저하게 빠른 개화와 높은 개화율을 나타내어서 저온암흑처리 방법이 이들 두 품종에서는 조기수확 및 수량증대에 기여할 수 있는 기술로 기대된다.

Keywords

References

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