Food Science and Preservation (한국식품저장유통학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Preservation (한국식품저장유통학회)
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Quality characteristics and antioxidant effects of grape juice obtained with different extraction methods

추출 방법에 따른 포도 추출액의 품질 특성과 항산화 활성

  • Received : 2013.07.02
  • Accepted : 2013.12.05
  • Published : 2013.12.30
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Abstract

The quality characteristics of Campbell grape juice with different extraction processes (AE; autoclave extraction, HWE: hot water extraction, and EE: enzyme extraction) were investigated. The juice yields of the AE, HWE, and EE juices were 79.8%, 82.3% and 92.6%, respectively. The titratable acidity and soluble solids of the EE juice were significantly higher than those of the other extracts. There was no significant difference in the $L^*$ values of the juices, but the $a^*$ and $b^*$ values of the EE juice were higher than those of the other extracts. The viscosity of the HWE and EE juices was higher than that of the AE juice. The major free sugars in the grape juice were identified as glucose and fructose, and the highest organic acid content was found in the EE juice. The total polyphenol content of the EE juice was 55.7 mg% and was higher than those of the AE and HWE juices, which were 31.3 mg% and 39.5 mg%, respectively. Especially, the anthocyanin content of the EE juice was 22.1 mg%, which was two to four times higher than those of the AE and HWE juices, which were 4.5 mg% and 10.5 mg%, respectively. The EE juice showed the highest antioxidant effect, measured from the DPPH free radical scavenging activity and reducing power. In conclusion, we suggest that the enzyme treatment in the grape extraction was more effective than the autoclave and hot water methods.

가압가열추출(AE), 열수추출(HWE) 및 효소처리추출(EE) 방법으로 추출한 포도 추출액의 품질을 조사하였다. 추출수율은 가압추출액이 79.8%, 열수추출액이 82,3% 및 효소추출액이 92.6%로 효소 추출이 가장 높은 수율을 나타내었다. pH는 추출 방법에 따른 유의적인 차이는 없었으며, 산도와 당도는 효소추출에서 유의적으로 높은 함량을 보였다. 색상에 있어서는 $a^*$과 $b^*$값은 효소 추출이 5.24 및 5.09로서 열수추출(3.79, 3.83)과 가압가열추출(1.83, 3.16)보다 높은 값을 보였으며 $L^*$값은 차이를 보이지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 점도는 효소추출이 42.1 cP 이었으며 가압가열추출과 열수추출보다 높았다. 유리당은 포도당과 과당의 함량이 높으며, 가압추출과 열수추출보다 효소추출이 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 유기산은 사과산의 함량이 가장 많았으며 효소 추출이 가장 높았다. 총 폴리페놀의 함량은 효소추출이 55.7 mg% 수준으로 가압추출 31.3 mg%와 열수추출 39.5 mg%에 비하여 높았으며, 특히 안토시아닌 함량은 효소추출이 22.1 mg%로 가압추출과 열수추출보다 2~4배 높은 함량을 보였다. 항산화 활성 측정 결과 DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성과 환원력에 있어서 효소추출이 가압추출과 열수추출에 비하여 높은 활성도를 나타내었다. 결과적으로 포도 추출에 있어 가압과 가열에 의한 방법보다 효소 처리에 의한 추출이 맛과 색소 성분의 추출을 용이하게 하며 그에 따른 항산화 활성도 높이는 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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