Animal cells and systems

The Korean Society for Integrative Biology (한국통합생물학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Protective effect of Phellodendri Cortex against lipopolysaccharide-induced memory impairment in rats

  • Lee, Bom-Bi (Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Sur, Bong-Jun (The Graduate School of Basic Science of Oriental Medicine, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Cho, Se-Hyung (Department of Physiology, Neurodegeneration Control Research Center, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine) ;
  • Yeom, Mi-Jung (Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Shim, In-Sop (Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Lee, Hye-Jung (Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Hahm, Dae-Hyun (Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University)
  • Received : 2012.01.16
  • Accepted : 2012.05.29
  • Published : 2012.08.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine whether Phellodendri Cortex extract (PCE) could improve learning and memory impairments caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in the rat brain. The effect of PCE on modulating pro-inflammatory mediators in the hippocampus and its underlying mechanism were investigated. Injection of LPS into the lateral ventricle caused acute regional inflammation and subsequent deficits in spatial learning ability in the rats. Daily administration of PCE (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, i.p.) for 21 days markedly improved the LPS-induced learning and memory disabilities in the Morris water maze and passive avoidance test. PCE administration significantly decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$, interleukin-$1{\beta}$, and cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA in the hippocampus, as assessed by RT-PCR analysis and immunohistochemistry. Together, these findings suggest that PCE significantly attenuated LPS-induced spatial cognitive impairment through inhibiting the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators in the rat brain. These results suggested that PCE may be effective in preventing or slowing the development of neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, by improving cognitive and memory function because of its anti-inflammation activity in the brain.

Keywords

References

  1. Collister KA, Albensi BC. 2005. Potential therapeutic targets in the NF-kappaB pathway for Alzheimer's disease. Drug News Perspect. 18:623-629. https://doi.org/10.1358/dnp.2005.18.10.959576
  2. Cunningham C, Campion S, Lunnon K, Murray CL, Woods JF, Deacon RM, Rawlins JN, Perry VH. 2009. Systemic inflammation induces acute behavioral and cognitive changes and accelerates neurodegenerative disease. Biol Psych. 65:304-312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.07.024
  3. Feher A, Juhasz A, Rimanoczy A, Kalman J, Janka Z. 2010. Association study of $interferon-{\gamma}$, cytosolic phospholipase A2, and cyclooxygenase-2 gene polymorphisms in Alzheimer disease. Am J Geriatr Psych. 18:983-987. https://doi.org/10.1097/JGP.0b013e3181e70c05
  4. Frank-Cannon TC, Alto LT, McAlpine FE, Tansey MG. 2009. Does neuroinflammation fan the flame in neurodegenerative diseases? Mol Neurodegener 16:47-59.
  5. Fujimi K, Noda K, Sasaki K, Wakisaka Y, Tanizaki Y, Iida M, Kiyohara Y, Kanba S, Iwaki T. 2007. Altered expression of COX-2 in subdivisions of the hippocampus during aging and in Alzheimer's disease: the Hisayama Study. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 23:423-431. https://doi.org/10.1159/000101957
  6. Gaab J, Rohleder N, Heitz V, Engert V, Schad T, Schurmeyer TH, Ehlert U. 2005. Stress-induced changes in LPSinduced pro-inflammatory cytokine production in chronic fatigue syndrome. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 30:188-198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2004.06.008
  7. Gong QH, Pan LL, Liu XH, Wang Q, Huang H., Zhu YZ. 2011. S-propargyl-cysteine (ZYZ-802), a sulphur-containing amino acid, attenuates beta-amyloid-induced cognitive deficits and pro-inflammatory response: involvement of ERK1/2 and $NF-{\kappa}B$ pathway in rats. Amino Acids. 40:601-610. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-010-0685-1
  8. Graupera M, Garcia-Pagan JC, Abraldes JG, Peralta C, Bragulat M, Corominola H, Bosch J, Rodes J. 2003. Cyclooxygenase-derived products modulate the increased intrahepatic resistance of cirrhotic rat livers. Hepatology. 37:172-181. https://doi.org/10.1053/jhep.2003.50004
  9. Guo J, Li F, Wu Q, Gong Q, Lu Y, Shi J. 2010. Protective effects of icariin on brain dysfunction induced by lipopolysaccharide in rats. Phytomedicine. 17:950-955. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2010.03.007
  10. Ho YS, So KF, Chang RC. 2011. Drug discovery from Chinese medicine against neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's and vascular dementia. Chin Med. 6:1-6. https://doi.org/10.1186/1749-8546-6-1
  11. Hoozemans JJ, Rozemuller AJ, Veerhuis R, Eikelenboom P. 2001. Immunological aspects of alzheimer's disease: therapeutic implications. BioDrugs. 15:325-337. Review. https://doi.org/10.2165/00063030-200115050-00004
  12. Hwang DY, Chae KR, Kang TS, Hwang JH, Lim CH, Kang HK, Goo JS, Lee MR, Lim HJ, Min SH, et al. 2002a. Alterations in behavior, amyloid beta-42, caspase-3, and COX-2 in mutant PS2 transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. FASEB J. 16:805-813. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.01-0732com
  13. Hwang YK, Ma J, Choi BR, Cui CA, Jeon WK, Kim H, Kim HY, Han SH, Han JS. 2011. Effects of Scutellaria baicalensis on chronic cerebral hypoperfusion-induced memory impairments and chronic lipopolysaccharide infusion-induced memory impairments. J Ethnopharmacol. 1:681-689.
  14. Hwang YS, Shin CY, Huh Y, Ryu JH. 2002b. Hwangryun- Hae-Dok-tang (Huanglian-Jie-Du-Tang) extract and its constituents reduce ischemia-reperfusion brain injury and neutrophil infiltration in rats. Life Sci. 71:2105-2117. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0024-3205(02)01920-3
  15. Kelloff GJ, Crowell JA, Steele VE, Lubet RA, Malone WA, Boone CW, Kopelovich L, Hawk ET, Lieberman R, Lawrence JA, et al. 2000. Progress in cancer chemoprevention: development of diet-derived chemopreventive agents. J Nutr. 130:467S-471S. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/130.2.467S
  16. Kim YS, Joh TH. 2006. Microglia, major player in the brain inflammation: their roles in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Exp Mol Med. 38:333-347. Review. https://doi.org/10.1038/emm.2006.40
  17. Kim WG, Mohney RP, Wilson B, Jeohn GH, Liu B, Hong JS. 2000. Regional difference in susceptibility to lipopolysaccharide-induced neurotoxicity in the rat brain: role of microglia. J Neurosci. 15:6309-6316.
  18. Kitazawa M, Oddo S, Yamasaki TR, Green KN, LaFerla FM. 2005. Lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation exacerbates tau pathology by a cyclin-dependent kinase 5-mediated pathway in a transgenic model of Alzheimer's disease. J Neurosci. 28:8843-8853.
  19. Knight EV, Kimball JP, Keenan CM, Smith IL, Wong FA, Barrett DS, Dempster AM, Lieuallen WG, Panigrahi D, Powers WJ, et al. 1996. Preclinical toxicity evaluation of tepoxalin, a dual inhibitor of cyclooxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase, in Sprague-Dawley rats and beagle dogs. Fundam Appl Toxicol. 33:38-48. https://doi.org/10.1006/faat.1996.0141
  20. Kumar A, Seghal N, Padi SV, Naidu PS. 2006. Differential effects of cyclooxygenase inhibitors on intracerebroventricular colchicine-induced dysfunction and oxidative stress in rats. Eur J Pharmacol. 551:58-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.08.076
  21. Lee B, Shim I, Lee H, Hahm DH. 2011. Rehmannia glutinosa ameliorates scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairment in rats. J Microbiol Biotechnol. 21:874-883. https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.1104.04012
  22. Lee B, Chae YB, Kwon YK, Yang CH, Kim MR, Kim KJ, Hahm DH, Lee HJ, Shim I. 2004. Inhibitory action of Cortex Phellodendris on nicotine-induced behavioral sensitization. Kor J Ori Physiol & Pathol. 18:767-773.
  23. Lim JS, Kim H, Choi Y, Kwon H, Shin KS, Joung I, Shin M, Kwon YK. 2008. Neuroprotective effects of berberine in neurodegeneration model rats induced by ibotenic acid. Anim cell Syst. 12:203-209. https://doi.org/10.1080/19768354.2008.9647174
  24. Lu J, Wang JS, Kong LY. 2011. Anti-inflammatory effects of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du decoction, its two fractions and four typical compounds. J Ethnopharmacol. 134:911-918. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2011.01.049
  25. Lukiw WJ, Bazan NG. 2000. Neuroinflammatory signaling upregulation in Alzheimer's disease. Neurochem Res. 25:1173-1184. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007627725251
  26. Mao YF, Li YQ, Zong L, You XM, Lin FQ, Jiang L. 2010. Methanol extract of Phellodendri cortex alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute airway inflammation in mice. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 32:110-115. https://doi.org/10.3109/08923970903193325
  27. Min SS, Quan HY, Ma J, Han JS, Jeon BH, Seol GH. 2009. Chronic brain inflammation impairs two forms of longterm potentiation in the rat hippocampal CA1 area. Neurosci Lett. 29:20-24.
  28. Mohamed AF, Matsumoto K, Tabata K, Takayama H, Kitajima M, Watanabe H. 2000. Effects of Uncaria tomentosa total alkaloid and its components on experimental amnesia in mice: elucidation using the passive avoidance test. J Pharm Pharmacol. 52:1553-1561. https://doi.org/10.1211/0022357001777612
  29. Mrak RE. 2009. Neuropathology and the neuroinflammation idea. J Alzheimers Dis. 18:473-481. Review. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-2009-1158
  30. Paxinos G, Watson C. 1986. The rat brain in stereotaxic coordinates. New York: Academic Press.
  31. Park YK, Chung YS, Kim YS, Kwon OY, Joh TH. 2007. Inhibition of gene expression and production of iNOS and TNF-alpha in LPS-stimulated microglia by methanol extract of Phellodendri cortex. Int Immunopharmacol. 7:955-962. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2006.03.018
  32. Ringheim GE, Conant K. 2004. Neurodegenerative disease and the neuroimmune axis (Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, and viral infections. J Neuroimmunol. 147:43-49. Review. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneuroim.2003.10.013
  33. Schwab C, McGeer PL. 2008. Inflammatory aspects of Alzheimer disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. J Alzheimers Dis. 13:359-369. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-2008-13402
  34. Szekely CA, Breitner JC, Fitzpatrick AL, Rea TD, Psaty BM, Kuller LH, Zandi PP. 2008. NSAID use and dementia risk in the cardiovascular health study: role of ApoE and NSAID type. Neurology. 1:17-24.
  35. Warner TD, Giuliano F, Vojnovic I, Bukasa A, Mitchell JA, Vane JR. 1999. Nonsteroid drug selectivities for cyclooxygenase- 1 rather than cyclo-oxygenase-2 are associated with human gastrointestinal toxicity: a full in vitro analysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 96:7563-7568. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.13.7563
  36. Yang Q, Zhang F, Gao SH, Sun LN, Chen WS. 2010. Determination of bioactive compounds in Cortex Phellodendri by high-performance liquid chromatography. J AOAC Int. 93:855-861.
  37. Zhang J, Yang JQ, He BC, Zhou QX, Yu HR, Tang Y, Liu BZ. 2009. Berberine and total base from rhizoma coptis chinensis attenuate brain injury in an aluminuminduced rat model of neurodegenerative disease. Saudi Med J. 30:760-766.

Cited by

  1. Neuroprotective effects of Eriobotrya japonica and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge in in vitro and in vivo models vol.18, pp.2, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1080/19768354.2014.903856