참고문헌
- Akhtar P, Gray JI, Cooper TH, Garling DL and Booren AM. 1999. Dietary pigmentation and deposition of α-tocopherol and carotenoids in rainbow trout muscle and liver tissue. J Food Sci 64, 234-239. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1999.tb15872.x
- Amar EC, Kiron V, Satoh S and Watanabe T. 2001. Infiuence of various dietary synthetic carotenoids on bio-defence mechanism in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum). Aquacult Res 32, 192-163.
- AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists). 1995. Official Methods of Analysis, 16th edition. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, Virginia, USA.
- Christiansen JS and Wallace JC. 1988. Deposition of canthaxanthin and muscle lipid in two size groups of rctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus. Aquaculture 69, 69-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(88)90187-1
- Chien YH and Shiau WC. 2005. The effects of deitary supplementation of algae and synthetic astaxanthin on body astaxanthin, survival, growth, and low dissolved oxygen stress resistance of kuruma prawn, Marsuoenaeus Japonicus Bate. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 318, 201-211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2004.12.016
- Deli JP, Molnar Z and Toth G. 2001. Carotenoid composition in the fruit of red paprika (Capsicum annuum var. lycopersiciforme rubrum) during ripening; Biosynthesis of carotenoids in red paprika. J Agric Food Chem 49, 1517-1523. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf000958d
- Duncan DB. 1955. Multiple-range and multiple F tests. Biometrics 11, 1-42. https://doi.org/10.2307/3001478
- Goodwin TW. 1984. The Biolochemistry of the carotenoids vol. I Animals (2nd edn. ed.), Chapman & Hall, London, UK, 244.
- Gouveia L, Rema P, Pereira O and Empis J. 2003. Colouring ornamental fish (Cyprinus carpio and Carassius auratus) with microalgal biomass. Aquacult Nutr 9, 123-129. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2095.2003.00233.x
- Guillaume J, Kaushik S, Bergot P and Metailler R. 2001. Nutrition and feeding of fish and crustaceans. Springer Verlag, London, UK, 183-196.
- Hancz C, Magyary I, Molnar T, Sato S, Horn P and Taniguchi N. 2003. Evalution of color intensity enhanced by paprika as feed additive in goldfish and koi carp using computerassisted image analysis. Fish Sci 69, 1158-1161. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0919-9268.2003.00740.x
- Kalinowski CT, Robaina LE, Fernandez-Palacios H, Schuchardt D and Izquierdo MS. 2005. Effect of different carotenoid sources and their dietary levels on the red porgy (Pagrus pagrus) growth and skin colour. Aquaculture 244, 223-231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.11.001
- Kim IO and Lee SM. 2005. Effects of the dietary protein and lipid levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish, Pseudobagrus fulvidraco. Aquaculture 243, 323-329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.11.003
- Kim YO, Jo JY and Oh SY. 2008. Effects of dietary Spirulina, chlorella, and astaxanthin on the body color of red- and white-colored carp, Cyprinus carpio. J Kor Fish Soc 41, 193-200. https://doi.org/10.5657/kfas.2008.41.3.193
- Kim YO and Lee SM. 2012. Effects of dietary inclusion of Spirulina, astaxanthin, canthaxanthin or paprika on the skin pigmentation of red- and white-colored fancy carp Cyprinus carpio var. koi. Kor J Fish Aquat Sci 45, 43-49. https://doi.org/10.5657/KFAS.2012.0043
- Lee CR and Lee SM. 2008. Effect of dietary supplementation of pigment sources on pigmentation of the round tailed paradise fish Macropodus chinensis and pale chub Zacco platypus. J Aquacult 21, 213-217.
- Lee CR, Pham MA and Lee SM. 2010. Effects of dietary paprika and lipid levels on growth and skin pigmentation of pale chub (Zacco platypus). Asian-Aust J Anim Sci 23, 724-732. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2010.90462
- Lee SM, Jeon IG and Lee JY. 2002. Effects of digestible protein and lipid levels in practical diets on growth, protein utilization and body composition of juvenile rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli). Aquaculture 211, 227-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(01)00880-8
- Nickell DC and Bromage NR. 1998. The effect of lipid level on variation of flesh pigmentation in rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture 161, 237-251. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(97)00273-1
- Rehulka J. 2000. Influence of astaxanthin on growth rate, condition, and some blood indices of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Aquaculture 190, 27-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(00)00383-5
- Segner H, Arend P, Poeppinghaussen KV and Schmidt H. 1989. The effect of feeding astaxanthin to Oreochromis niloticus and Colisa labiosa on the histology of the liver. Aquaculture 79, 381-390. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(89)90480-8
- Skrede G. 1987. Rapid analysis in food processing and food Control. In: Proceedings of the Fourth European Confererce on Food Chemistry, 1-4.
- Tsushima M, Nemoto H and Matsuno T. 1999. The accumulation of figments from paprika and other souces in the integument of gold fish Carassius auratus, Fish Sci 64, 656-657.
- Torrissen OJ. 1985. Pigmentation of almonids: factors affecting carotenoid deposition in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Aquaculture 43, 133-143.
- Waagbo R, Hamre K, Bjerkas E, Berge R, Wathne E, Lio O and Torstensen B. 2003. Cataract formation in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., smolt relative to dietary pro- and antioxidants and lipid level. J Fish Dis 26, 213-229. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2761.2003.00449.x
- Wang YJ, Chien YH and Pan CH. 2006. Effects of dietary supplementation of carotenoids on survival; growth, pigmentation and antioxidant capacity of characins, Hyphessobrycon callistus. Aquaculture 261, 641-648. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2006.08.040
- White DA, Moody AJ, Servata RD, Bowen J, Soutar C, Young AJ and Davies SJ. 2003. The degree of carotenoid esterification influences the absorption of astaxanthin in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum). Aquacult Nutr 9, 247-251. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2095.2003.00250.x
- Yuangsoi B, Jintasataporn O, Areechon N and Tabthipwon P. 2011. The pigmenting effect of diferent carotenoids on fancy carp (Cyprinus carpio). Aquacult Nutr 17, e306-e316. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2095.2010.00764.x