The Effect of Conflict Resolution Program on Children's Psychological Well-being, Empathy, and Aggression

갈등해결 프로그램이 초등학생의 심리적 안녕감, 공감 및 공격성에 미치는 효과

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the conflict resolution program on children's psychological well-being, empathy, and aggression. The subjects of this study were 2 classes from fourth grade D elementary school in Daegu. One class(31 students) was placed in an experimental group and the other class(32 students) was placed in a control group. The research design of this study is based on a pre-test and a post-test between the both groups. With the test data, the students feedbacks were collected to identify the subject's responds to the program. Item data were analyzed by repeated measures MANOVA(two-factor mixed design). The quantitative results of this study were as follows: First, compared to the control group, the experimental group that participated in the conflict resolution program showed a significant improvement in psychological well-being. Second, compared to the control group, the experimental group that participated in the conflict resolution program showed a significant improvement in empathy. compared to the control group, the experimental group that participated in the conflict resolution program showed a significant decrease in aggression. These results were supported and intensified by qualitative data based on comment papers and questionnaire. In conclusion, the conflict resolution program can be an effective tool for the improvement of psychological well-being and empathy, and the decrease of aggression.

본 연구는 초등학생의 갈등해결 프로그램을 구안하고 심리적 안녕감, 공감 및 공격성에 미치는 효과를 검증하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 Teolis(2002)의 초등학생용 갈등해결 활동들 중에서 일부를 발췌하여 우리나라 실정에 맞게 부분 수정 보완하여 총 15회기로 구성한 갈등해결 프로그램을 구안하였다. 초등학교 4학년 두 학급을 선정하여 사전-사후검사 통제집단 설계를 적용하여 10주에 걸쳐 주 1~2회(1회 40~50분) 갈등해결 프로그램을 실시하였다. 측정도구로는 타당성과 신뢰성이 있는 기존의 심리적 안녕감 척도, 공감 척도, 공격성 척도를 사용하였으며, 자료분석은 반복측정식 다분산분석 방식을 사용하였다. 분석결과, 갈등해결 프로그램은 심리적 안녕감과 공감 수준을 향상시키고 공격성 수준을 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다.