The Effects of Counselling Program using Children's Poem on Maladapted Children in School - A Case Study on Self-Esteem and School Adjustment

동시를 활용한 상담 프로그램이 학교 부적응 아동의 자아존중감 및 학교적응에 미치는 영향에 관한 사례연구

The purpose of this study is investigate what effects of counseling program using children's poem on maladapted children in school on the children's self-esteem and school adjustment. For this, counseling programs using children's poem was developed and this counseling sessions were implemented to maladapted children in school and the research question to analyze the effect is as follows. First, what effect does the counseling program using children's poem have on the improvement of self-esteem of the maladapted children in school? Secondly, what effect does the counseling program using children's poem have on the school life of the maladapted children in school? The research target were maladapted children in school who are enrolled in the 4th grade in Elementary school. Through two different case studies, these students were selected after reflecting the opinions of the students' current homeroom teacher, parents, and friends. The counseling program using children's poem were conducted from June 2010 to July 2010, twice a week for a total number of 12 sessions. Each session consisted of 40 minutes and client's change process was explored. Through the counseling program using children's poem, this study collected data and examined the effectiveness of the program through comparing the results of the evaluated results of the language and behavior the target children responded, depth interviews with parents, friends, and teachers, behavior observation checklist, and the pre and post test results of the measurement tools. The results of this study is as follows. First, the counseling program using children's poem improved the self-esteem of the maladjusted child in school. Especially, among the sub-region of self-esteem, it was able to improve the domestic, social and academic self-esteem. Secondly, the counseling program using children's poem had a positive effect on the school adjustment of the maladjusted child in school. Among the sub-region of school adjustment, it had a positive change in the teacher relationships, peer relationships, and attitude. In addition, children's poem which was the reading material for the counseling program using children's poem was proven to work effectively in the counseling progress. Recitation and content of the children's poem promoted self-open of the client and as a result, it had a positive effect on improving relations with the counselor and this became the media that led to a successful counseling session. Therefore, I anticipate that this counseling program using children's poem will be actively used in counseling sessions through applying the results of this study and after revising the program so the counseling program could have a more efficient effect on self-esteem and school adjustment.

본 연구는 학교 부적응 아동을 대상으로 동시를 활용한 상담 프로그램을 실시하여 자아존중감과 학교적응에서 어떤 효과가 나타나는지 밝히는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 동시를 활용한 상담 프로그램을 개발하고 연구문제를 다음과 같이 설정하였다. 첫째, 동시를 활용한 상담 프로그램이 학교 부적응 아동의 자아존중감 향상에 미치는 영향은 어떠한가? 둘째, 동시를 활용한 상담 프로그램이 학교 부적응 아동의 학교적응에 미치는 영향은 어떠한가? 연구 대상은 사전검사, 현재 담임 부모님 친구의 의견을 반영하여 학교 부적응 아동으로 판정된 2명의 초등학교 4학년생이다. 주 2회 40분간 12회기에 걸쳐 동시를 활용한 상담프로그램을 상담에 적용하며 내담자의 변화과정을 탐색하였다. 즉 상담과정에서 대상 아동이 반응한 언어와 행동을 평가한 결과와 부모 친구 교사의 심층면담, 행동관찰평가표, 측정 도구의 사전 사후검사 결과를 비교하여 자료를 수집하였고, 연구자가 개발한 동시를 활용한 상담 프로그램의 효과를 탐색하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 동시를 활용한 상담 프로그램은 학교 부적응 아동의 가정적, 사회적, 학업적 자아존중감을 향상시켰다. 둘째, 교사관계, 교우관계, 수업태도 등 학교적응에서도 긍정적인 변화를 보였다. 그 외에도 동시를 활용한 상담 프로그램의 독서자료인 동시가 상담과정에서 효과적으로 작용하였음을 밝혔다. 동시 낭송과 동시 내용이 내담자의 자기개방을 촉진하여 상담자와의 관계 개선에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤고 상담이 효과적으로 진행될 수 있도록 이끄는 매개체 역할을 하였다.