Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Effect of Career Self-efficacy on Preparations Toward Retirement for Baby Boomer Generation

베이비부머 세대의 진로자기효능감이 은퇴준비에 미치는 영향

  • Yun, Sung-Won (The Graduate School of Vocational, Kyonggi University) ;
  • Kim, Ki-Seung (The Graduate School of Vocational, Kyonggi University)
  • Received : 2012.05.03
  • Accepted : 2012.08.09
  • Published : 2012.08.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Beginning with retirement in 2010 of the leading group of baby boomer generation born in 1955, baby boomers are starting to retire from work in full-scale. Since retirement of baby boomers refers to increase in the senior class with longer life expectancies caused by development of medical technologies, enhancement of living standards, and improvement of surrounding environments, annually decreasing birthrate is further accelerating entry of our society into an aged society. Accordingly to examine baby boomer generation's preparation for retirement in relation to career self-efficacy, first, difference in retirement preparation according to mean monthly income and current occupation was analyzed. Second, the effect of career self-efficacy on retirement preparation was studied. The survey for this study was conducted for one month between January 17 and February 16, 2012 in Seoul, Gyeonggi, Gangwon, Chungnam, Gyeongnam, Jeonnam, and Jeju. 500 surveys were distributed to baby boomer generations through direct visit and mail, among which 443 responses were returned. 400 effective responses were selected as subjects of the study. As a result, preparation for retirement according to mean monthly income was verified to be significant in terms of economic and physical factors. Significant results were shown in all factors including economic, physical and social factors for retirement preparation according to current occupation. Career self-efficacy had greatest influence of 58% on retirement preparation with economic factors. It also influenced all factors including self assessment, objective setting, occupational information, and problem solving.

2010년 베이비부머(baby boomer)의 맏형격인 1955년생이 정년퇴직하는 것을 시작으로 본격적으로 베이비부머 세대들이 현직에서 물러나고 있다. 베이비부머의 퇴직은 발달된 의학기술과 향상된 생활수준 그리고 주변 생활환경의 개선 등으로 인하여 곧 기대수명이 길어진 노인계층으로 진입하는 것을 의미하므로 매년 낮아지는 출산율과 맞물려 고령 사회로의 진입 속도를 더욱 빠르게 하고 있다. 이에 베이비부머 세대들의 진로자기효능감과 관련하여 은퇴준비를 알아보고자 첫째, 월 평균소득과 현재 직업에 따른 은퇴준비의 차이분석 둘째, 진로자기효능감이 은퇴준비에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 본 연구를 위한 설문조사는 2012. 1. 17.~2. 16까지 1개월 동안 서울, 경기, 강원, 충남, 경남, 전남, 제주도 등에 직접방문 및 우편발송으로 베이비부머 세대를 대상으로 총 500부의 설문지를 배포하여 443부가 회수되었고 이 중 유효한 400명을 연구대상으로 하였다. 그 결과 월 평균소득에 따른 은퇴준비는 경제적, 신체적 요인에서 유의미한 것으로 확인되었으며, 현재 직업에 따른 은퇴준비는 경제적, 신체적, 사회적 등 모든 요인에서 유의한 결과값이 보여졌다. 진로자기효능감이 은퇴준비에 미치는 영향에서는 경제적 요인이 가장 높은 58%의 영향력을 보이며 자기평가, 목표설정, 직업정보, 문제해결의 모든 요인에서 영향을 받는 것으로 확인되었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Kim, Mi Won, "An Exploratory Study on the Improvement of Baby Boomers Quality of Life After Their Retirement",Journal of Hanyoung Theological University, vol. 15, pp.211-231, 2001.
  2. Hyundai Research Institude, "HRI Research Report", 2009.
  3. Back, Eunyoung, "Determinants of Retirement Preparation and the Types of Preparation of the Baby Boomers", Journal of Korean social security studies, vol. 27, No 2, 2011.
  4. YTN News, 2012. 2. 7.
  5. Kim, Young Ho, "Baby boom rally", iremedia, 2006.
  6. Lee, Jong Sang, "A Study on Baby Boomers' Retirement Life : Focused on Their Housing Types", master's Public Administration Hanyang University, 2007.
  7. An, Chong Bum․Jeon, Seung Hoon, "Measuring the Optimal Income Replacement Ratio", Journal of the Korean Economy, vol. 15, pp.5-33, 2005.
  8. Yuh, Yoon Kyung, "Estimating Retirement Consumption Needs Using Target Replacement Rate",Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association, vol. 40, No 3, 2002.
  9. Park, Chang Je, "Economic Preparations for Aging of the Middle and Old-Aged and Their Determinants", Korean journal of social welfare, vol. 60, No 3, 2008. https://doi.org/10.20970/kasw.2008.60.3.012
  10. Bae, Moon JO․Jeon, Kwee Yeon, "The Effect of Variables on Attitudes and Preparations toward Retirement", Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association, vol. 42, No 7, 2004.
  11. Jeong, Woon Young, "Causal Effects on Recognition and Attitude towards Retirement and Retirement Preparations", Journal of Korean social security studies, vol. 25, No 2, 2009.
  12. Kim, Seong Ryung, "A study on Family values, Preparation for old age and Life Satisfaction for Baby-boom generation, master's Daegu University, 2011.
  13. Chung, Sung Ho, "The Pattern and Characteristics of Demographic Transition in Developing Countries", Korean journal of population studies, vol. 29, No 2, 2006.
  14. Joo, Jae Young, "Efficacy of baby boomers prepare for retirement and social impact of participation", master's Korea University, 2011.
  15. Bandura, A. & Wood, R. "Effenct of perceived controllability and performance standards in selfregulation of complex decision making", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 56, No. 5, pp. 805-814, 1989. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.56.5.805
  16. Kim, Byeong Suk ."Occupational Information Theory", Seoul: Sigma Press, 2007.
  17. Hackett, G., & Betz, N.E., "A self-efficacy approach to career development of women", Journal of Vocational Behavior, Vol. 18, pp. 326-339, 1981. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-8791(81)90019-1
  18. Lee, Seong Gwang, "Analysis on Career Time Prospect According to Career Self-efficacy of High School Students", master's dissertation at Kyonggi National University, 2007.
  19. Kanfer, R., & Hulin, C. L., "Individual differences in successful job searches following layoff", Personnel Psychology, 38, pp. 835-847, 1985. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1985.tb00569.x
  20. Millers, S., "The Social dilemma of the aging leisure participant", In W. Rose, & W. Peterson, Older people and their social world, Philadelphia: F. A. Davis Co. pp. 77-92, 1965.
  21. Chung, Sung Ho, "The Pattern and Characteristics of Demographic Transition in Developing Countries", Korean journal of population studies, vol. 29, No 2, 2006.
  22. Atchley, R. C., "Retirement and work orientation. The Gerontologist, 11, Spring, pp. 29-32, 1971. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/11.1_Part_1.29
  23. Kim Aie Soon & Yoon Jin, "Psychological and social impact of retirement", Journal of Korean Gerontological Society, pp. 55-80, 1995.
  24. Fretz, B. R., & Merikangas, M. W., "Preretirement programing: Needs and responses", In L. H. Daniel, Adult career development: Concepts, issues, and practices, Alexandria, VA:Nation Career Development Assoc, 1992.
  25. Ando, A., & Modiglinani, F., "The Life Cycle Hypothesis of Savings: Aggregate Implication and Tests", American Economics Review, vol, 53, pp. 55-84, 1963.
  26. Yuh, Yoon Kyung․Kim, Jin Ho, "Adequacy Test of Retirement Wealth Using Simulations", Journal of Money & Finance, vol. 21, No 2, 2007.
  27. Ajzen, I., "The Theory of Planned Behavior", Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, pp. 179-211, 1991. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
  28. Choi, Hye Ji ․Lee, Young Boon, "Research on Financial Preparedness for Retirement Among Economically Active Population Aged 65 or Older Based on Socio-Psycho Paradigm", Korean journal of social welfare, vol. 57, No 3, 2005.
  29. Lee, Ji Eun, "A Study on the Middle-aged Worker's Life Plan for Their Elderly Life", MA. Thesis, Ewha Womans University, 1999.
  30. Bernheim, B. D., Is the Baby Boom Generation Adequately for Retirement? Merrill Lynch, 1992.
  31. Kelly, S. & Harding, A., "Funding the retirement of the baby boomers", Agenda, 11(2), pp. 99-112, 2004.
  32. Lusardi, A. & Mitchell, O., "Baby boomer retirement security: the Roles of planning, financial literacy, and housing wealth", University of Michigan Retirement Research Center, Working Paper, 2006.
  33. Wolff, E. N., "The Retirement wealth of the baby boom generation", Journal of Monetary Economics, 54, pp. 1-40, 2007.
  34. Kim, Su Ran, "The Effect of Job Fame Level and Workplace Awareness Perceived by Workers on Self Respect", master's dissertation of Graduate School of Public Administration at Kyonggi University, 2004.
  35. Kim, Tae Hee, "Relation Between Occupational Values, Internal and External Control and Self-efficacy in Vocational Counselors", master's dissertation at Hongik University, 2007.
  36. Lee, Heyon Ju, "The Effect of Personal Background, Occupational Value and Job Motivation on Occupational Selection", Study of Educational Psychology, Issue 18 No. 2, pp. 17-33. 2004.
  37. Malroutu, Y. L. & Xiao, J. J., "Perceived adequacy of retirement income", Finacial Counseling and Planning, No. 6, pp. 17-24, 1995.
  38. Foster, A. C., "Employee Participation in Savings and Thrift Plans", Montbly Labor Review, March, pp.17-22, 1996.
  39. Cha, Kyung Wook ․ Park, Mi Youn ․Kim, Yeon Ju, "Financial Planning for Retirement among Paid Workers Aged 20s and 30s", Journal of Korean Home Management Association vol. 26, No 1, 2008.
  40. Beck, S. H., "Retirement Preparation Programs: Differentials in Opportunity and Use", Journal of Gerontology, 39(5), pp. 596-602, 1984. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/39.5.596
  41. Shin, Gye Soo ․Cho, Sung Sook, "Effects of the Occupation and Activity Nature of the Middle-Aged on Retirement Preparation", Journal of Korea Contents Society, vol. 11, No. 11, 2011.
  42. SERI.org, "Impact of Baby Boomers Retirement and Countermeasures", 2010.