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Evaluation of Possibility of Water Plant Wastes in Composting for Agricultural Recycling

수생식물 고사체의 농업적 재활용을 위한 퇴비화 가능성 평가

  • Choi, Ik-Won (Department of Bio-Environmental Sciences, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Seo, Dong-Cheol (Department of Bio-Environmental Sciences, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Kang, Se-Won (Department of Bio-Environmental Sciences, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Seo, Young-Jin (Department of Bio-Environmental Sciences, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Gyu (Department of Bio-Environmental Sciences, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Kang, Seog-Jin (National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lim, Byung-Jin (Yeongsan River Environmental Research Center) ;
  • Lee, Jun-Bae (Yeongsan River Environmental Research Center) ;
  • Heo, Jong-Soo (Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 program) & Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Cho, Ju-Sik (Department of Bio-Environmental Sciences, Sunchon National University)
  • 최익원 (순천대학교 생물환경학과) ;
  • 서동철 (순천대학교 생물환경학과) ;
  • 강세원 (순천대학교 생물환경학과) ;
  • 서영진 (순천대학교 생물환경학과) ;
  • 이상규 (순천대학교 생물환경학과) ;
  • 강석진 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원) ;
  • 임병진 (국립환경과학원 영산강 물환경연구소) ;
  • 이준배 (국립환경과학원 영산강 물환경연구소) ;
  • 허종수 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부 (BK21 농업생명산업 글로벌 인재 육성 사업단) & 농업생명과학원) ;
  • 조주식 (순천대학교 생물환경학과)
  • Received : 2012.02.19
  • Accepted : 2012.03.22
  • Published : 2012.04.30

Abstract

To evaluate the possibility of water plant wastes in composting for agricultural recycling, Phragmites communis (PHRCO), Typha orientalis (TYHOR) and Zizania latifolia (ZIZLA) were used as a compost materials. In composting basin, cumulative oxygen consumptions of the compost used by water plant wastes were rapidly increased at the early stage and slightly decreased in around 15 days. Cumulative oxygen consumptions under different water plant wastes were higher in the order of TYHOR > ZIZLA > PHRCO. Temperature changes during composting process were rapidly increased at the early stage and then slowly decreased to $30{\sim}40^{\circ}C$. The maximum temperatures were higher in the order of ZIZLA ($72.2^{\circ}C$ at 11 days after starting composting) > TYHOR ($70.2^{\circ}C$ at 10 days after starting composting) > PHRCO ($66.5^{\circ}C$ at 7 days after starting composting). Oxygen consumptions at maximum temperature were higher in the order of TYHOR ($12,485mg\;O_2\;kg^{-1}$) > ZIZLA ($12,400mg\;O_2\;kg^{-1}$) > PHRCO ($9,340mg\;O_2\;kg^{-1}$). Organic matter contents, moisture contents and OM/N rates in the compost ranged 39.5~44.8%, 29.6~35.6% and 27.9~32.9, respectively. Considering that water plant waste can supply some of the nutrient requirements of crops and is a valuable fertilizer.

본 연구는 공시 수생식물체 퇴비화 과정 중 산소 소비량과 소비패턴을 조사하기 위하여 식물이 고사된 11월에 수확한 갈대, 부들, 줄을 사용하여 퇴비화를 제조하였다. 수생식물체별 퇴비화 과정중 산소소비량을 조사한 결과 모든 수생식물의 퇴비화조에서 퇴비화 초기에 누적산소소비량이 급격하게 증가하여 약 15일째에 들어서 누적산소소비량의 증가가 둔화되는 경향이었다. 각각의 수생식물별로 누적산소 소비량은 초기에는 비슷한 소비량을 보이나 부들 > 줄 > 갈대 순으로 나타났다. 수생식물체별 퇴비화 과정중 온도변화는 퇴비화가 진행되면서 초기에 급격하게 증가된 후 서서히 감소되어서 약 $30{\sim}40^{\circ}C$ 정도로 안정화 되었다. 각 수생식물체의 퇴비화에서 최고온도까지 도달하는데 걸린 기간은 갈대 (7일) > 부들 (10일) > 줄 (11일) 순으로 나타났고, 퇴비화조 최고온도는 걸린 기간과 반대로 줄 ($72.2^{\circ}C$) > 부들($70.2^{\circ}C$) > 갈대 ($66.5^{\circ}C$) 순으로 나타났다. 최고온도 도달시까지 소비된 산소량은 부들 $12,485mg\;O_2\;kg^{-1}$ > 줄 $12,400mg\;O_2\;kg^{-1}$ > 갈대 $9,340mg\;O_2\;kg^{-1}$ 순으로 나타났는데 이는 각각의 식물체별 비중과 통기성에 따른 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구에서 제조한 수생식물을 이용한 퇴비는 유기물함량이 39.5~44.8%로 부산물비료 공정규격의 퇴비의 규격 50% 이상에 미치지 못하였으나 함유할 수 있는 유해 성분(As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb 및 Zn) 함량이 규격 이하로 적합하였고, 그 밖의 규격에서 염분(NaCl) 함량 0.01%, 수분함량 29.6~35.6% 및 유기물대 질소의 비 27.93~32.94로 퇴비 규격에 적합하였다.

Keywords

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