Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy (한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지)

The Korean Society for Marine Environment and Energy (한국해양환경•에너지학회)
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Seasonal Distribution of Water Masses and Spatio-temporal Characteristics of Nutrients in the Coastal Areas of Gangwon Province of the Korean East Sea in 2009

2009년 강원 연안의 계절별 수괴 분포 및 영양염의 시공간적 특성

  • Choi, Mi-Yeon (Deep Ocean Water Application Research Center, Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute) ;
  • Moon, Deok-Soo (Deep Ocean Water Application Research Center, Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute) ;
  • Jung, Dong-Ho (Deep Ocean Water Application Research Center, Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute) ;
  • Kim, Hyeon-Ju (Deep Ocean Water Application Research Center, Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute)
  • 최미연 (한국해양연구원 해양심층수연구센터) ;
  • 문덕수 (한국해양연구원 해양심층수연구센터) ;
  • 정동호 (한국해양연구원 해양심층수연구센터) ;
  • 김현주 (한국해양연구원 해양심층수연구센터)
  • Received : 2011.12.01
  • Accepted : 2012.03.23
  • Published : 2012.05.25
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Abstract

In order to investigate the distribution of water masses and spatio-temporal variation of nutrients in the coastal areas of Gangwon province of the Korean East Sea, a survey of the physico-chemical parameters (temperature and salinity) and nutrients ($NO_2$-N, $NO_3$-N, $NH_4$-N, $PO_4$-P, and $SiO_2$-Si) was carried out at 5 locations (Goseong, Sokcho, Yangyang, Gangneung, and Donghae) in February, May, August, and November 2009. The water masses included in the study area were divided into 4 groups; 1) Tsushima Surface Water (TSW), 2) Tsushima Middle Water (TMW), 3) North Korean Cold Water (NKCW), and 4) East Sea Proper Water (ESPW). The distribution of water masses was affected by the change of season. In February, surface water was derived from the TMW. The TSW was not observed in May, but only observed in August. In November, as the influence of the TSW weakened, that of the NKCW strengthened. Considering the vertical profiles of nutrients, the concentrations in all the seasons were very low within the surface water, but increased rapidly near the thermocline. Most of nutrient concentrations, except for dissolved silicate, remained constant below the depth of 200 m. However, the dissolved silicate concentration increased with depth, suggesting that silicate has a delayed regenerative pattern. The ESPW had the highest nutrient concentration, followed by the NKCW, TMW, and TSW. In February, May, and November, the N/P ratio in most of the water masses was similar to or larger than the Redfield ratio, indicating that nitrogenous nutrients did not act as a limiting factor for phytoplankton growth. However, in August, the N/P ratio in the TSW was less than the Redfield ratio, and the concentration of $NO_2$-N+$NO_3$-N was 0.86 ${\mu}m$, indicating that nitrogenous nutrients did act as a limiting factor for phytoplankton growth in the study area.

우리나라 동해 강원 연안에서의 계절 변화에 따른 수괴의 분포와 화학적 특성을 규명하기 위하여 2009년 2월, 5월, 8월 그리고 11월에 고성, 속초, 양양, 강릉, 동해 연안의 5개 지점에서 CTD 관측과 동시에 영양염의 분포 특성을 조사하였다. 수온과 염분 분포를 통하여 연구해역에서의 수괴는 대마난류표층수, 대마난류중층수, 북한한류수, 동해고유수와 각 수괴들이 혼합된 혼합수로 구분되었다. 계절 변화에 따른 수괴의 분포를 보면 2월은 수직혼합이 활발하였으며 표층수의 대부분이 대마난류중층수에 기인하였고, 5월에 대마난류표층수는 강원 해역까지 진출하지 못하여 관측되지 않았다. 8월은 표층에 대마난류표층수가 유입되었으며, 11월에는 대마난류의 영향이 서서히 줄어들고 북한한류가 다시 강화되어 나타났다. 영양염 농도의 수직적 분포는 계절변화에 관계없이 표층에서 가장 낮은 농도를 보이다가 수온약층 부근에서 급격히 증가하였고, 이후 수심 200 m 이하에서 질산염과 인산염은 수심이 증가함에 따라 대체로 일정한 값을 보였으나 규산염은 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 이는 규산염의 재생산 속도가 다른 영양염의 재 생산 속도에 비해 느리기 때문에 나타나는 현상이다. 연구해역에서의 수괴별 영양염의 농도 분포는 4계절 모두 동해고유수에서 가장 높았고, 그 다음으로 북한한류수, 대마난류중층수, 대마난류표층수의 순이었다. 연구해역에서의 수괴별 N/P ratio는 2월, 5월 그리고 11월은 대부분의 수괴에서 Redfield ratio보다 높거나 비슷한 수치를 나타내고 있어 대체로 이 기간 동안의 표층에서 질산염이 식물플랑크톤 성장의 제한인자로 작용하고 있지 않음을 지시한다. 반면에 8월은 대마난류표층수에서의 N/P ratio가 Redfield ratio보다 크게 낮게 나타났으며 표층에서 질산염 평균 농도가 0.86 ${\mu}m$을 나타내어, 본 연구해역에서는 8월의 표층에서 질산염이 식물플랑크톤 성장의 제한인자로 작용하고 있음을 보여주고 있다.

Keywords

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