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Effect of Humidity and Gas Composition on Fruit Quality during Heat Treatment of Satsuma Mandarin ($Citrus$ $unshiu$ Marc.)

온주밀감의 산함량 감소를 위한 열처리 시 습도 및 가스조성의 차이가 과실품질에 미치는 영향

  • Lee, Ji-Hyun (Department of Medicinal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Choi, Young-Hun (Citrus Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Han, Seung-Gab (Citrus Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Yi, Pyung-Ho (Citrus Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Kang, Yeung-Joo (Department of Food Bioengineering, Cheju National University)
  • 이지현 (국립원예특작과학원 인삼특작부) ;
  • 최영훈 (국립원예특작과학원 감귤시험장) ;
  • 한승갑 (국립원예특작과학원 감귤시험장) ;
  • 이평호 (국립원예특작과학원 감귤시험장) ;
  • 강영주 (제주대학교 식품공학과)
  • Received : 2011.07.21
  • Accepted : 2011.12.16
  • Published : 2012.02.28

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the effects of the humidity and gas composition on the quality of satsuma mandarins during their heat treatment, in an effort to reduce their acidity. To come up with different humidity and gas conditions, various plastic films were used. The fruits were wrapped with an 18-${\mu}m$ high-density polyethylene (HDPE) punched film, a 30-${\mu}m$ low-density polyethylene (LDPE) film, or a 100-${\mu}m$ LDPE film just before treatment at $30^{\circ}C$ for 55 hours. After heat treatment, the titratible acidity (TA) was significantly reduced while the soluble-solid content (SSC) showed no differences, which resulted in increased SSC/TA ratios in all the treatments. The fruits that were not wrapped with a film, however, which had low RH, developed higher ethanol and acetaldehyde contents than those wrapped with an 18-${\mu}m$ HDPE punched film, which had high RH and a similar gas composition. Among the films, the higher the $CO_2$ concentration in the film was, the more the ethanol and acetaldehyde contents increased, which induced more off-flavor. It was thus concluded that high humidity and normal gas composition are favorable conditions for heat treatment to reduce the acidity of satsuma mandarins.

온주밀감의 산함량 감소를 목적으로 열처리를 실시할 때 습도와 가스조성의 환경조건이 과실 품질에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 필름을 이용한 실험을 실시하였다. 필름은 18 ${\mu}m$ HDPE 천공필름, 30 ${\mu}m$ LDPE, 100 ${\mu}m$ LDPE 필름을 이용하였고, $30^{\circ}C$에서 55시간 열처리를 실시하였다. 열처리 후 산함량은 모든 처리구에서 처리 전보다 유의하게 감소하였고, 가용성고형물 함량은 변화가 없어 결과적으로 당산비가 증가하여 품질 향상의 효과가 있었다. 그러나 열처리 중 습도가 낮았던 필름 무처리구는 비슷한 가스조성의 HDPE 천공필름 보다 에탄올 및 아세트알데하이드 함량과 이취정도가 높은 경향이었고, 필름 처리구들 중에서도 필름 내부의 $CO_2$ 농도가 높고 $O_2$가 낮을수록 두 휘발성분 함량도 급격히 증가하고 이취발생이 심하여 신선도가 떨어지는 것이 관찰되었다. 결론적으로, 온주밀감의 산함량 감소를 위한 열처리 시 습도는 90%이상, 온도 처리실의 가스조성은 정상 대기를 유지하는 것이 이취관련 성분의 발생을 줄여 신선도를 유지할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

References

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