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Porphyrin Derivatives from a Recombinant Escherichia coli Grown on Chemically Defined Medium

  • Lee, Min Ju (Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Chun, Se-Jin (Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Kim, Hye-Jung (Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Kwon, An Sung (iNtRON Biotechnology Inc.) ;
  • Jun, Soo Youn (iNtRON Biotechnology Inc.) ;
  • Kang, Sang Hyeon (iNtRON Biotechnology Inc.) ;
  • Kim, Pil (Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea)
  • Received : 2012.08.23
  • Accepted : 2012.09.13
  • Published : 2012.12.28

Abstract

We have reported previously that a recombinant Escherichia coli co-expresses aminolevulinic acid (ALA) synthase, an NADP-dependent malic enzyme, and a dicarboxylate transporter-produced heme, an iron-chelated porphyrin, in a succinate-containing complex medium. To develop an industrially plausible process, a chemically defined medium was formulated based on M9 minimal medium. Heme synthesis was enhanced by adding sodium bicarbonate, which strengthened the C4 metabolism required for the precursor metabolite, although a pH change discouraged cell growth. Increasing the medium pH buffering capacity (100mM phosphate buffer) and adding sodium bicarbonate enabled the recombinant E. coli to produce heme at rates 60% greater than those in M9 minimal medium. Adding growth factors (1 mg/l thiamin, 0.01 mg/l biotin, 5 mg/l nicotinic acid, 1 mg/l pantothenic acid, and 1.4 mg/l cobalamin) also induced positive heme production effects at levels twice of heme production in M9-based medium. Porphyrin derivatives and heme were found in the chemically defined medium, and their presence was confirmed by liquid chromatography/mass spectroscopy (LC/MS). The formulated medium allowed for the production of $0.6{\mu}M$ heme, $29{\mu}M$ ALA, $0.07{\mu}M$ coproporphyrin I, $0.21{\mu}M$ coproporphyrin III, and $0.23{\mu}M$ uroporphyrin in a 3 L pH-controlled culture.

Keywords

References

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