DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

토양내 중금속 및 유류 오염농도 저감을 위한 생화학적 기작의 효율성 평가

Assessment of Biochemical Efficiency for the Reduction of Heavy Metal and Oil Contaminants in Contaminated Soils

  • 김만일 (한국수자원공사 댐.유역관리처) ;
  • 정교철 (안동대학교 지구환경과학과) ;
  • 김을영 (한국농어촌공사 환경지질처)
  • Kim, Man-Il (Dam and Watershed Department, Korea Water Resources Corporation) ;
  • Jeong, Gyo-Cheol (Dept. of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Andong National University) ;
  • Kim, Eul-Young (Office of Environmental Geology, Korea Rural Community & Agricultural Corporation)
  • 투고 : 2012.04.27
  • 심사 : 2012.08.13
  • 발행 : 2012.09.28

초록

중금속 및 유류 오염토양 정화를 위해 효율적인 토양세척법과 공정 선정을 목적으로 최적의 오염정화 설계인자를 제시하기 위한 실험적 연구를 수행하였다. 실험 분석항목은 구리, 납, 아연을 포함하는 중금속 항목과 총석유계탄화수소(TPH)인 유류 항목에 대해 흡광광도법(absorptiometric analysis), 기체크로마토그래피(gas chromatography)법을 이용하여 단계별로 분석하였다. 실험방법은 최적 세척용매(washing solution) 결정시험, 최적 세척시간(washing time) 도출시험, 최적 진탕비(dilution ratio) 결정시험 등을 통해 얻어진 결과를 토대로 계면활성제(surfactant) 첨가량별 중금속 용출영향 분석시험, 미생물 및 과산화수소 주입시험 순으로 실시하였다. 실험결과에서 세척용매인 염산 0.1 mole, 체류시간 1시간, 진탕비 1 : 3 조건에서 오염물질의 저감효과가 우수하게 나타났으며, 이들 조건을 적용하였을 때 1%의 계면활성제를 세척 용매에 첨가하였을 경우 추가적인 오염물질의 농도저감 효과를 보이는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 미생물과 과산화수소 주입에 따른 추가적인 TPH 농도 저감이 있는 것으로 파악되었다.

With the aim of remediating soils contaminated by heavy metals and oil, experimental research was conducted to evaluate the optimal design factors for remediation in terms of efficient soil washing methods and processes. The experiments employed absorptiometric analysis and gas chromatography methods to reduce the concentration of heavy metals such as cooper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn), and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) in contaminated soils. The experimental processes consisted of deciding on the washing solution, washing time, and dilution ratio for contaminated soils. A dissolution analysis of heavy metals was then performed by the addition of surfactant, based on the results of the decision experiments, and the injection processes of microbes and hydrogen peroxide were selected. The experimental results revealed that reduction effects in contaminated soils under the experimental conditions were most efficient with hydrochloric acid 0.1 mole, washing time 1 hour, and dilution ratio 1:3, individually. Additional reduction effects for heavy metals and TPH were found with the addition of a washing solution of 1% of surfactant. The addition of microbes and hydrogen peroxide caused a reduction in TPH concentration.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Huesemann, M.H., 1994, Guidelines for land-treating petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil, Journal of Soil Contamination, 3, 299-318. https://doi.org/10.1080/15320389409383471
  2. Jorgensen, K.S., Paustinein, J. and Suortti, A.M., 2000, Bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil by composting in biopile, Environmental Pollution, 107, 245-254. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0269-7491(99)00144-X
  3. Ju, W.-H., Choi, S.-I., Kim, J.-M., Kim, B.-K., Kim, S.-G. and Park, S.-H., 2009, Evaluation of the large scale petroleum-contaminated site for the remediation of landfarming, Journal of KoSSGE, 14(4), 15-22.
  4. Kang, H.K., Chung, S.Y. and Go, D.H., 2006, The contamination characteristics of BTEX and TPH components in silty soils with the oil leakage event from point source, The Journal of Engineering Geology, 16(4), 393-402.
  5. Kang, M., Park, J.-M. and Kim, K.-T., 2008, Diffusion characteristics of heavy metal pollution depend on distance from abandoned mines, The Journal of Engineering Geology, 18(3), 257-262.
  6. Kim, G.-J., Oh, S.-T., Lee, C.-H., Seo, S.-K., Kang, C.-H. and Chang, Y.-Y., 2008, Enhancement of biodegradation rate of petroleum hydrocarbons-contaminated soil with addition of organic composite nutrients and a chemical oxidation, Journal of KoSSGE, 13(3), 59- 66.
  7. Kim, J.-D. and Nam, G.-W., 2005, Evaluation on extractability of heavy metals in mine tailings of disused metal mines with concentrations and kinds of soil washing solutions, Environmental Engineering Research, 27(8), 787-798.
  8. Kimball, S.L., 1992, Surfactant-enhanced soil flusing: an overveiw of an in situ remedial technology for soils contaminated with hydrophobic hydrocarbons. In: Kostecki, P. T., Calabrese, E. J., Bonazountas, M. (Eds.), Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soils, Vol. II. Dewis Publishers, Boca Raton, 257.
  9. Lee, S.-H., Kim, E.-Y., Seo, S.-K., Kim, G.-B., Kim, J.- H. and Lee, J.-K., 2008, Remediation of heavy metal contamination in OBOD site with soil washing: selection of extractants, Journal of KoSSGE, 13(2), 44-53.
  10. Ministry of Environment, 2002, Soil remediation technology and casebook, 106.
  11. Ministry of Environment, 2007, Official test method of soil, 296.
  12. Moutsatsou, A., Gregou, M., Matas, D. and Protonotarios, V., 2006, Wasing as a remediation technology applicable in soils heavily polluted by mining-metallurgical activities, Chemosphere, 63, 1631-1640.
  13. Sabatini, D.A., Knox, R.C. and Harwell, J.H., 1995, Emerging technologies in surfactant-enhanced subsurface remediation. In: Sabatini, D.A., Knox, R.C., Harwell, J.H. (Eds.), Suractant-Enhanced Subsurface Remediation, Emerging Technologies, ACS Symposium Series 594, American Chemical Society, Washington DC, 1-9.
  14. West, C.C. and Harwell, J.H., 1992, Surfactant and subsurface remediation, Environmental Sciences Technology, 26, 2324-2330. https://doi.org/10.1021/es00036a002
  15. Yang, J.-W. and Lee, Y.-J., 2007, Status of soil remediation and technology development in Korea, Korean Chem. Eng. Res., 45(4), 311-318.