Abstract
The purposes of the study were to examine the changes in carcass traits and surface meat color, and cortisol concentration by different altitudes and shipping distances for steer and cow. The experimental animals were shipped from Kangwondo, Kyunggido, Choongchungdo, and Kyungsangdo to Wonju LPC. The animals were examined for yield traits, quality traits, carcass grade, lightness, redness, yellowness, croma value, and cortisol concentration by different altitudes and shipping distances. The results showed that the carcass traits of steer like back fat thickness were not different by shipping distances of 100 km, 150 km, and 200 km. However, the fat thickness was higher in steers shipped from 250 km than 100 km, 150 km, and 200 km distance. Ribeye area was reduced significantly in 200 km and 250 km than 50 km. Yield index and yield grade were significantly low in 250 km than 50-200 km. However, meat color, fat color, texture, mature, and quality grade had no differences between shipping distances. Marbling score was not different in 50-200 km. However, the marbling score in 250 km was significantly lower than that of 50 km. In case of surface meat color by shipping distance, redness, yellowness, chroma value, and hue-angle were not different in shipping distance of 250 km. The lightness had similar result in 50-200 km. However, in case of 250 km the lightness was significantly low. The REA of cow carcass by shipping distance had no differences by shipping distance. The BET had similar results in 50-150 km. However, it had significantly thick in 200 km. The yield index and yield grade had no differences in 50-150 km. However, yield index and grade were significantly low in 200 km. The carcass trait of cow had no differences in all items by shipping distance. Although the carcass traits and the BET for steer by altitude had no differences between 100, 200, 300 and 500 m, but those were significantly thick in 400 m. And the yield index and the yield grade at altitude 400 m were lower than that of other altitudes. The quality traits and the quality grade had no differences between 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 m altitudes. The yield traits, quality traits, yield grade, and quality grade had no significant differences by altitudes. In case of yield index of cow for 300 m was low than the cases of 100 m and 200 m. The surface meat color for steer and cow had no differences by altitudes. However, the lightness of cow had positive result in 100 m than 200 m and 300 m. In case of steer and cow the cortisol concentration by shipping distance was high as the shipping distances were longer. However, the cortisol concentrations of steer and cow by altitudes were decreased as the altitudes were increased. From the above results carcass traits and carcass grade were decreased and the cortisol concentration was increased as the altitudes were decreased for steer and cow.
본 연구는 고도 차이 혹은 수송 거리의 차이가 한우(거세우 및 암소)의 도체특성, 표면육색 및 혈중 cortisol 농도 변화에 미치는 영향을 검토하기 위해 실시되었다. 공시동물은 총 190두로 이중 거세한우는 118두 암소는 72두였다. 자료는 사육 고도(100, 200, 300, 400 및 500 m) 혹은 수송 거리(50, 100, 150, 200 및 250 km)에 따라 분석하였다. 사육 고도의 차이가 거세한우 및 암소의 육량 및 육질 형질 변화에 미치는 영향은 적었으며, 수송 거리의 차이가 거세한우 및 암소의 육량 형질에 미치는 영향은 없는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 수송 거리의 차이가 거세한우 및 암소의 근내지방도, 육색 및 지방색에 미치는 영향과 사육 고도 혹은 수송 거리의 차이가 거세한우 및 암소 등심의 명도, 적색도, 황색도, 선명도 및 색상색에 미치는 영향은 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 암소의 경우 사육고도 100 m에서 200 m에 비해 등심의 명도가 증가되었으며(p<0.05), 거세한우의 경우 수송 거리 250 km 그리고 암소의 경우에는 200 km에서 등심의 명도가 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 한편, 혈중 cortisol 농도는 낮은 사육 고도에 비해 높은 사육 고도에서 낮아지는 경향을 보였으나, 통계적인 유의차는 없었다. 수송 거리가 거세한우 및 암소의 cortisol 농도에 미치는 영향은 없었다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과에서 사육 고도 혹은 수송 거리가 한우의 생산성에 미치는 영향은 적은 것으로 판단된다.
