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Postprandial Blood Pressure in Hypertensive and Normotensive Elderly and Young Adult Subjects

고혈압노인과 정상혈압노인 및 청년의 식후혈압 변화 비교

  • Son, Jung Tae (Research Institute of Nursing Science, College of Nursing, Catholic University of Daegu)
  • 손정태 (대구가톨릭대학교 간호대학 간호과학연구소)
  • Received : 2012.10.26
  • Accepted : 2012.12.06
  • Published : 2012.12.31

Abstract

The aim of this study was to find out the impact of age and hypertensive status on postprandial hypotension(PPH). Twenty-six hypertensive elderly ($77.7{\pm}7.2$ years old), twenty-five normotensive elderly ($80.2{\pm}6.8$ years old) and twenty-six young adults ($20.0{\pm}1.5$ years old) took part in the study. The blood pressure (BP) and heart rates (HR) were measured every 15 minutes, from 30 minutes before a meal to 90 minute after a meal in sitting position, using an ambulatory blood pressure monitor. In the hypertensive group, postprandial reduction in systolic BP continued from 30minutes to 90minutes. The reductuion rate of systolic BP of hypertensive elderly group was significantly greater than other groups (p<.05). However, there were no significant differences in trend of HR change between the groups (p=.082). The incidence of PPH was significantly higher in the hypertensives than other groups (73.1% vs 24% vs 0%, respectively, p=.001). In conclusion, age and hypertensive status had a significant impact on PPH. Elderly persons require more intensive BP monitoring and nursing intervention.

본 연구는 고혈압노인과 정상혈압노인 그리고 청년 간의 식후혈압 변화 양상의 차이를 파악하기 위하여 참여자들의 서면동의를 받아 조사하였다. 휴대용 혈압모니터(ABPM)를 사용하여 식전 30분부터 식후 90분까지 15분 간격으로 혈압을 측정하였다. 고혈압노인군(26명)은 수축기혈압이 식후 30분부터 식후 90분까지 지속적으로 하강하였고, 최대 $19.3{\pm}19.4mmHg$ 하강하여, 정상혈압노인군(25명: $-7.7{\pm}9.4mmHg$) 및 청년군(26명: $-1.3{\pm}4.1mmHg$)과 차이가 있었다. 고혈압노인군의 식후 이완기혈압은 최대 $25.0{\pm}15.1mmHg$ 하강하였고 정상혈압노인군($-6.1{\pm}6.0mmHg$)과 청년군($-5.7{\pm}5.0mmHg$) 과 차이가 있었다. 고혈압노인군과 정상혈압노인군에서는 맥박수의 변화가 없었고, 청년군에서는 식후 30분에 일시적으로 맥박수가 상승하였다(p=.014). PPH 발생률은 고혈압노인군 73.1%, 정상혈압노인 24% 이었고, 청년군은 PPH 발생자가 없었다(p=.001). 따라서 간호사는 고혈압노인의 식후저혈압을 확인하기 위한 식후혈압 측정을 실시해야 한다. 또한 식후 90분까지는 갑작스런 혈압하강과 관련된 합병증의 발생을 주의관찰하고 관리하도록 하여야 한다.

Keywords

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