DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effect of food concentration on grazing, growth and fecundity of cyclopoid copepod Paracyclopina nana

기수산 요각류 Paracyclopina nana 의 섭식, 성장 및 생산력에 관한 먹이농도의 영향

  • Lee, Kyun-Woo (South Sea Environment Research Department, South Sea Research Institute, KIOST) ;
  • Kang, Jung-Hoon (South Sea Environment Research Department, South Sea Research Institute, KIOST) ;
  • Park, Heum Gi (Faculty of Marine Bioscience and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University)
  • Received : 2012.10.25
  • Accepted : 2012.11.08
  • Published : 2012.11.30

Abstract

We studied the effect of food concentration on grazing, growth and fecundity of cyclopoid copepod Paracyclopina nana. Marine phytoplankton Tetraselmis suecica was used as a livefood for the copepod. Six stage compositions were used and food concentrations for the experiment were 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60 and $80{\times}10^4$ cells/mL. Range of food concentrations with 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and $4{\times}10^4$ cells/mL were used for nauplii production experiment. Grazing rates of P. nana in all developmental stages on the different concentrations were increased with increasing diet concentration. While the growth of nauplius was not affected by increase of food concentration, food concentration outside of $1{\times}10^4$ to $5{\times}10^4$ cells/mL range negatively affected that of copepodite. Daily nauplii production was increased with increasing food concentration but $3{\times}10^4$ and $4{\times}10^4$ cells/mL treatments were not significantly different with $2{\times}10^4$ cells/mL treatment. As a result, optimum concentration of T. suecica for mass culture of P. nana was considered to be 5,000 cells/mL for nauplius stage, 10,000 cells/mL for copepodite stage and adult male, 20,000 cells/mL for adult female, respectively.

기수산 요각류 P. nana의 대량배양을 위한 최적 먹이공급량을 규명하기위해 먹이공급량에 따른 P. nana의 섭식량, 성장 및 성체암컷의 nauplius 생산수를 조사하였다. 실험을 위한 먹이생물로 해양 식물플랑크톤인 Tetraselmis suecica를 사용하였으며 실험은 발달 단계에 따라 6 그룹으로 나누어 실시하였다. 먹이공급량은 각 단계 그룹마다 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60 및 $80{\times}10^4$ cells/mL로 설정하였고 P. nana 암컷의 nauplius 생산수 측정실험은 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 3 및 $4{\times}10^4$ cells/mL의 먹이공급실험구를 두어 실시하였다. 실험결과, 먹이 공급량에 따른 P. nana 각 발달 단계의 시간 당 초식율은 모든 발달단계가 T. suecica의 농도가 높아짐에 따라 계속 증가하는 경향을 보였다. P. nana는 nauplius 기간에서, 먹이량이 증가함에 따라 개체 발달에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타난 반면, copepodite 단계에서는 먹이량이 $1{\times}10^4{\sim}5{\times}10^4$ cells/mL을 기준으로 감소하거나 증가할 때, 개체 발달에 악영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 먹이 공급 농도에 따른 암컷의 일일 nauplius 생산은 먹이 공급량이 증가함에 따라 증가하였고 3 및 $4{\times}10^4$ cells/mL 실험구는 $2{\times}10^4$ cells/mL 실험구와 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결과적으로, P. nana의 대량배양을 위한 T. suecica 공급밀도는 nauplius 단계는 5,000 cells/mL, copepodite 단계와 성체수컷은 10,000 cells/mL, 성체암컷은 20,000 cells/mL이 가장 효율적인 먹이 공급 밀도라고 판단된다.

Keywords

References

  1. W. C. M. Klein Breteler, N. Schogt and S. R. Gonzalez, "On the role of food quality in grazing and development of life stages, and genetic change of body size during cultivation of pelagic copepods" J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 135, 177-189, 1990. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(90)90117-U
  2. B. Sun and J.W. Fleeger, "Sustained mass culture of Amphiascoides atopus a marine harpacticoid copepod in a recirculating system" Aquaculture, 136, 313-321. 1995. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(95)01064-5
  3. C. S. C. Pinto, L. P. Souza-Santos and P. J. P. Santos, "Development and population dynamics of Tisbe biminiensis (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) reared on different diets" Aquaculture, 198, 253-267. 2001. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(00)00582-2
  4. R. S. J. Gapasin and M. N. Duray, "Effects of DHA-enriched live food on growth, survival and incidence of opercular deformities in milkfish (Chanos chanos)" Aquaculture, 193, 49-63. 2001. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(00)00469-5
  5. J. G. Støttrup and N. H. Norsker, "Production and use of copepods in marine fish larviculture" Aquaculture, 155, 231-247. 1997. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(97)00120-8
  6. K. W. Lee, H. G. Park, S. M. Lee and H. K. Kang, "Effects of diets on the growth of the brackish water cyclopoid copepod Paracyclopina nana Smirnov" Aquaculture 256, 346-353. 2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2006.01.015
  7. C. J. Corkett and I. A. McLaren, "Relationships between development rate of eggs and older stages of copepods" J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U. K., 50, 161-168. 1970. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315400000680
  8. M. R. Landry, "The relationship between temperature and the development of life stages of the marine copepod Acartia clarsi Giesbr" Limnol. Oceanogr., 20, 854-858. 1975. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1975.20.5.0854
  9. D. M. Jr. Checkley, "The egg production of a marine planktonic copepod in relation to its food supply: laboratory studies" Limnol. Oceanogr., 25, 430-446. 1980. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1980.25.3.0430
  10. K. Kimoto, S. Uye and T. Onbe, "Egg Production of a brackish-water calanoid copepod Sinocalanus tenellus in relation to food abundance and temperature" Bull. Plankton Soc. Japan, 33, 133-145. 1986.
  11. S. Uye, "Temperature-dependent development and growth of Calanus sinicus (Copepoda: Calanoida) in the laboratory" Hydrobiologia, 167/168, 285-293. 1988. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00026316
  12. M. M. Mullin, "Some factors affectiong the feeding of marie copepod of the genus Calanus" Limnol. Oceanogr., 8, 239-250. 1963. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1963.8.2.0239
  13. B. W. Frost, "Effects of size and concentration of food particles on the feeding behavior of the marine plankton copepod Calanus pacificus" Limnol. Oceanogr., 17, 805-815. 1972. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1972.17.6.0805
  14. G. A. Paffenhöfer, "Grazing and ingestion rates of nauplii, copepodids and adults of the marine planktonic copepod Calanus helgolandicus" Mar. Biol., 11, 286-298. 1971. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00401275
  15. M. Uchima and R. Hirano, "Food of Oithona davisae (Copepoda: Cyclopoida) and the effect of food concentration at first feeding on the Larval Growth" Bull. Plankton Soc. Japan, 33, 29-41. 1986.
  16. S. Razouls and C. Razouls, "Seasonal size distribution of developmental stages of sub-antarctic copepod" Hydrobioligia, 167/168, 239-246. 1988. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00026310
  17. W. C. M. Klein Breteler, H. G. Fransz and S. R. Gonzalez, "Growth and development of four calanoid copepod species under experimental and natural conditions" Neth. J. Sea Res. 16, 195-207. 1982. https://doi.org/10.1016/0077-7579(82)90030-8
  18. A. Calbet and M. Alcaraz, "Growth and survival rates of early developmental stages of Acartia grani (Copepoda: Calanoida) in relation to food concentration and fluctuations in food supply" Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 147, 181-186. 1997. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps147181
  19. M. Sabatini and T. Kiorboe, "Egg production, growth and development of the cyclopoid copepod Oithona similis" J. Plankton Res., 16, 1329-1351. 1994. https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/16.10.1329